Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Technology (Food Technology) Department of Food Technology Faculty of Applied Sciences Cape Peninsula University of Technology / The nutrient profile of meat and meat products make them a major protein and minerals source for non- vegetarian human beings. However, their high fat content and the saturated fatty acid profile associate them with increased risk of lifestyle diseases and occurrences of cancers. Researchers have focused on fat replacement and fatty acid profile modification without compromising the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of meat products. Leaner ingredients are expensive hence the use of low/non-calorie adding ingredients such as water, vegetable oils and oat bran. In this study, three pineapple dietary fibres (PDF), NSP 60, NSP 100 and NSP 200 with water binding capacities (WBC) of 1: 8; 1: 7.4; 1: 7.8 (g/g), respectively, were assessed for their WBC in species sausage at levels 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. Water was added in accordance to the specific WBC capacity of the fibres, replacing pork back fat. The WBC of the fibre in the meat emulsion was assessed by extracting the loosely bound fluid by centrifugation. Fibres NSP 100 and NSP 200 proved to be of better water binding than NSP 60 which had the highest total expressible fluid (TEF) at all levels. Although differing significantly in WBC at all levels, all the fibres excellently bound water at 1% level. The three PDF (at 1% level) were then assessed with regard to chemical, physical, and textural attributes in species sausage. Proximate analysis showed that the control sausages (no fibre), differed significantly from the sausages containing PDF. Emulsion stability analysis was based on TEF, cooking loss and purge. Sausages containing NSP 200 PDF did not significantly differ to the control in terms of TEF and cooking loss. Sausages containing NSP 100 had the lowest cooking loss although not significantly different to the control and NSP 200 containing sausages. NSP 60 PDF performed significantly poorly in terms of TEF and cooking loss. The control had a significantly lower purge comparing to sausages containing which were not different. The pH value of the control was significantly higher than the samples containing fibres which also differed from each other. Inclusion of fibre in the species resulted in a significant increase in lightness, hue and chroma as compared to the control. Textural parameters for the control were significantly higher than the fibre containing sausages, except for cohesiveness which was similar for all sausages. This study concluded that NSP 100 could be the most suitable for use in species sausage, followed by the NSP 200 and lastly the NSP 60. Addition of PDF, in combination with water to a species sausage can be a viable way of cutting costs since the formulation cost of all the fibre containing sausages was lower in comparison to the control. Fibre and water addition can be a positive means of reducing the lipid fraction in sausages and other meat products, increasing the dietary fibre component and hence improving the health status of meat product consumers.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-02-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:56:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moscardi_smp_me_botfmvz.pdf: 142582 bytes, checksum: 3bdf014fb0c98824cc082d46b7b6d16a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade higiênico-sanitária de amostras de lingüiças frescais comercializadas em Botucatu, SP e sua adequação aos parâmetros microbiológicos fixados pela legislação brasileira. Cento e cinco amostras do produto, igualmente distribuídas entre os tipos mista (35), suína (35) e de frango (35) foram coletadas no comércio varejista, tendo sido realizadas as seguintes análises: pesquisa de Salmonella spp., contagens de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, mesófilos e de coliformes a 45º C. Das amostras analisadas, 27,61% estavam em desacordo com a legislação vigente, sendo consideradas impróprias para o consumo. Salmonella spp. foi identificada em 20% das amostras de lingüiças suínas e de frango e em 11,5% das mistas. Staphylococcus coagulase positiva estava acima dos padrões permitidos em 5,7% das lingüiças de frango e mistas e em 8,6% das suínas. No tocante a coliformes a 45º C, 2,9% das lingüiças mistas e de frango e 5,7% das suínas apresentavam contagens acima do estabelecido. Nossos dados permitem concluir que as lingüiças do tipo frescal comercializadas em Botucatu, SP precisam receber maior atenção quanto aos aspectos higiênico- sanitários de sua produção, armazenamento e comercialização. Cuidados com a origem da matéria prima e condimentos empregados na sua elaboração e orientação quanto ao processo de manipulação e armazenamento são fundamentais para que o produto venha a se adequar à legislação vigente. / The objective of the present work is to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary quality of samples of fresh sausages commercialized in Botucatu, São Paulo, and their accordance with the microbiological parameters established by Brazilian laws. One hundred and five samples of the product, homogeneously divided into types mixed (35), pork (35) and chicken (35) were collected from retail trade and submitted to the following analyses: search of Salmonella spp. and positive coagulase Staphylococcus, mesophylls and coliforms under 45º C countings. From samples analyzed, 27,61% were not in accordance with current laws, being considered inappropriate for consumption. Salmonella spp. was identified in 20% of samples of pork and chicken sausages and in 11,5% of mixed sausages. Positive coagulase Staphylococcus was above standards allowed in 5,7% of chicken and mixed sausages and in 8,6% of pork sausages. Relating to coliforms under 45º C, 2,9% of mixed and chicken sausages and 5,7% of pork sausages presented countings above the ones established. Our data lead us to conclude that more attention is needed to the hygienic and sanitary aspects of the production, storage and commercialization of the fresh sausages traded in Botucatu, São Paulo. Caution with the source of raw material and seasonings used in production and directions as for manipulation and storage are essential for the accordance of the product with the current laws.

Orientador: José Paes de Almeida Nogueira Pinto / Banca: Vera Lúcia Moraes Rall / Banca: Luciano dos Santos Bersot / Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade higiênico-sanitária de amostras de lingüiças frescais comercializadas em Botucatu, SP e sua adequação aos parâmetros microbiológicos fixados pela legislação brasileira. Cento e cinco amostras do produto, igualmente distribuídas entre os tipos mista (35), suína (35) e de frango (35) foram coletadas no comércio varejista, tendo sido realizadas as seguintes análises: pesquisa de Salmonella spp., contagens de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, mesófilos e de coliformes a 45º C. Das amostras analisadas, 27,61% estavam em desacordo com a legislação vigente, sendo consideradas impróprias para o consumo. Salmonella spp. foi identificada em 20% das amostras de lingüiças suínas e de frango e em 11,5% das mistas. Staphylococcus coagulase positiva estava acima dos padrões permitidos em 5,7% das lingüiças de frango e mistas e em 8,6% das suínas. No tocante a coliformes a 45º C, 2,9% das lingüiças mistas e de frango e 5,7% das suínas apresentavam contagens acima do estabelecido. Nossos dados permitem concluir que as lingüiças do tipo frescal comercializadas em Botucatu, SP precisam receber maior atenção quanto aos aspectos higiênico- sanitários de sua produção, armazenamento e comercialização. Cuidados com a origem da matéria prima e condimentos empregados na sua elaboração e orientação quanto ao processo de manipulação e armazenamento são fundamentais para que o produto venha a se adequar à legislação vigente. / Abstract: The objective of the present work is to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary quality of samples of fresh sausages commercialized in Botucatu, São Paulo, and their accordance with the microbiological parameters established by Brazilian laws. One hundred and five samples of the product, homogeneously divided into types mixed (35), pork (35) and chicken (35) were collected from retail trade and submitted to the following analyses: search of Salmonella spp. and positive coagulase Staphylococcus, mesophylls and coliforms under 45º C countings. From samples analyzed, 27,61% were not in accordance with current laws, being considered inappropriate for consumption. Salmonella spp. was identified in 20% of samples of pork and chicken sausages and in 11,5% of mixed sausages. Positive coagulase Staphylococcus was above standards allowed in 5,7% of chicken and mixed sausages and in 8,6% of pork sausages. Relating to coliforms under 45º C, 2,9% of mixed and chicken sausages and 5,7% of pork sausages presented countings above the ones established. Our data lead us to conclude that more attention is needed to the hygienic and sanitary aspects of the production, storage and commercialization of the fresh sausages traded in Botucatu, São Paulo. Caution with the source of raw material and seasonings used in production and directions as for manipulation and storage are essential for the accordance of the product with the current laws. / Mestre

A carne suína é, dentre as carnes vermelhas, a mais consumida no mundo, com uma média de consumo mundial de 12,43kg por habitante no ano de 2016. No Brasil, a média de consumo é de 11,97kg por habitante por ano, com tendência de crescimento para os próximos anos. O consumo de carne suína ocorre principalmente sob a forma de produtos industrializados, sendo que os que mais se destacam são os embutidos frescais, no qual se encontra a linguiça frescal. Em virtude da importância da produção e consumo dos derivados de carne suína no país, considera-se importante o estudo das preferências e atributos considerados importantes pelo consumidor desses produtos. Sendo assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi estudar o comportamento do consumidor de linguiça frescal no município de Rio Claro-SP. Para isso foi aplicado um questionário online, com perguntas estruturadas, obtendo-se 201 respostas. Em relação ao consumo de linguiça frescal, metade dos entrevistados consomem pelo menos uma vez por semana, sendo que a maior parte do consumo é feita na forma em refeições em casa, seguido pelo churrasco. Em relação à composição da linguiça frescal os fatores que mais preocupam os consumidores é a quantidade de conservantes e aditivos, seguido pela quantidade de sódio e de gordura. A compra da linguiça frescal é feita principalmente em supermercados e açougues, e a maioria prefere comprar à granel. O fator mais importante na escolha da linguiça frescal foi o sabor. As linguiças costumam ser preparadas grelhadas na churrasqueira, fritas ou assadas no forno. A linguiça frescal apresentou ser um produto popular e versátil, sendo consumida por toda a diversidade da população. Assim como ocorre com outros produtos, o consumidor busca um produto com qualidade comprovada e diferenciado. Apesar da complexidade do ser humano e da dificuldade em prever seus comportamentos, o estudo de mercado através de questionário online funcionou como uma boa ferramenta para obtenção de informações sobre os hábitos de consumo de linguiça frescal. Os resultados obtidos nessa pesquisa podem ser fortes aliados nas tomadas de decisão pelas empresas do setor. / Pork is one of the most consumed red meat in the world, with an average worldwide consumption of 12.43kg per inhabitant in 2016. In Brazil, the average consumption is 11.97kg per inhabitant per year, with growth trend for the coming years. Pork consumption takes place in the form of processed products and fresh sausages are the most outstanding products. Because the importance of the production and consumption of pork products in the country, it is considered important to study the preferences and attributes considered important by the consumer of these products. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the behavior of the consumer of fresh sausage in the city of Rio Claro-SP. For this, an online questionnaire was applied, with structured questions, getting 201 responses. In relation to the consumption of fresh sausage, half of the interviewees consume at least once a week, most of which is consumed in the form of home-made meals, followed as barbecue. Regarding the composition of fresh sausage, the factors that most concern consumers are the amount of preservatives and additives, followed by the amount of sodium and fat. The purchase of fresh sausage is made mainly in supermarkets and butcheries, and most prefer to buy unpacked in bulk. The most important factor in choosing fresh sausage was flavor. Sausages are usually prepared grilled, fried or baked. Fresh sausage appeared to be a popular and versatile product, being consumed by a whole diversity of population. As with other products, the consumer seeks a differentiated product with quality assured. Despite the human complexity and the difficulty in predicting their behavior, the market study through an online questionnaire worked as a good tool to obtain habits of consumption of fresh sausage. The results obtained in this research can be strong support for the companies of the sector decisions.

Thesis (M. App. Sc.)--University of Queensland, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti Lietuvos rinkoje esančių virtų dešrų kokybę. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Įvertinti aukščiausios, pirmos ir antros rūšių virtų dešrų juslinius rodiklius ( bendrą kvapo ir spalvos intensyvumą, konsistenciją, pjūvio vaizdą, skonį, riebalų skonį, išliekamąjį skonį, kvapo malonumą, susikramtymą, prieskonių kvapą, grūdėtumą spaudžiant, rūgštingumą). 2. Išsiaiškinti aukščiausios, pirmos ir antros rūšių virtų dešrų kokybės rodiklius (mėsos baltymų be kolageno, baltyminių mėsos pakaitalų, valgomosios druskos, riebalų kiekį, drėgnį. 3. Palyginti lietuviškų ir importuotų virtų dešrų kokybinius rodiklius. 4. Įvertinti dešrų kokybės rodiklių atitikimą Lietuvos standarto LST 1919:2003 „Mėsos gaminiai“ reikalavimams. Tyrimui buvo pasirinktos dviejų lietuviškų firmų, bei importuotos iš ES šalių aukščiausios, pirmos ir antros rūšies virtos dešros ir dešrelės. Atlikto tyrimo metu nustatėme, kad Lietuvos rinkoje parduodami termiškai apdoroti mėsos gaminiai labiausiai išsiskyrė bendrojo kvapo intensyvumu, bendru riebalų skoniu ir prieskonių kvapu. Taip pat nustatėme, kad didžiausias bendras riebalų, baltymų ir baltymų be kolageno kiekis buvo importuotose virtose dešrose. Tiriant lietuviškas antros rūšies dešreles, tyrimo metu nustatėme, kad jose buvo rastas mažiausias baltymų, riebalų, drėgnio kiekis. Lyginant importuotas ir lietuviškas dešras buvo nustatyta, kad importuotose dešrose buvo rastas didesnis baltymų, riebalų, baltymų be kolageno kiekis negu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Goal of thesis: To determine the quality of boiled sausages in the Lithuanian market. Tasks to achieve the goal: 1. Evaluate sensual parameters (general smell and color intensity, consistency, sectional view, taste, taste of fat, after taste, pleasure of the smell, chewiness, smell of spices, grit after pressing, acidity) of highest, first and second grade boiled sausages. 2. Determine the qualitative parameters (amount of protein without collagen, protein meat substitutes, salt, fat and moisture) of highest, first and second grade boiled sausages. 3. Compare qualitative parameters between lithuanian and imported boiled sausages. 4. Determine whether or not the qualitative parameters meet the Lithuanian Standard LST 1919:2003 „Meat products“ demands. For the analysis we chose highest, first and second grade boiled sausages from two Lithuanian brands, and imported brands from EU. During the sensual analysis we determined that heat-treated meat products in Lithuanian market mostly differed in the intensity of the smell, general taste of fat and in the smell of spices. We also determined that the largest amounts of fat, protein meat substitutes and protein without collagen are in imported boiled sausages. While eveluating second grade lithuanian brand sausages, we determined that they have the least amounts of protein meat substitutes, fat and moisture. When comparing imported and lithuanian brand sausages we established, that imported sausages have greater amounts of protein... [to full text]

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MAppSc)--AUT University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (x, 78 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 664.94 KHE)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1975. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.