Orientadores: Mário Jino, Regina Lúcia de Oliveira Moraes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T10:55:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Basso_Tania_M.pdf: 2124224 bytes, checksum: 203dd87bbdf0a2a24725e070b6b545f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Grande parte das aplicações Web é desenvolvida atualmente sob severas restrições de tempo e custo. A complexidade dos produtos de software é cada vez maior resultando em vulnerabilidades de segurança produzidas por má codificação. Ferramentas chamadas scanners de vulnerabilidade são utilizadas para auxiliar a detecção automática de vulnerabilidades de segurança em aplicações Web; portanto, poder confiar nos resultados da aplicação dessas ferramentas é essencial. Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem para avaliar a eficácia desses scanners. A abordagem proposta está baseada em técnicas de injeção de falhas e modelos de árvores de ataque; os resultados da aplicação de três scanners são avaliados na presença de falhas realistas de software responsáveis por vulnerabilidades de segurança em aplicações Web. As árvores de ataque representam os passos para se realizar um ataque, permitindo verificar se vulnerabilidades detectadas pelo scanner existem de fato na aplicação sob teste. A abordagem também pode ser utilizada para realizar testes de segurança, pois permite a detecção de vulnerabilidades pela execução de cenários de ataque / Abstract: Nowadays, most web applications are developed under strict time and cost constraints. The complexity of software products is increasingly bigger leading to security vulnerabilities due to bad coding. Tools called vulnerability scanners are being applied to automatically detect security vulnerabilities in web applications; thus, trustworthiness of the results of application of these tools is essential. The present work proposes an approach to assess the efficacy of vulnerability scanner tools. The proposed approach is based on fault injection techniques and attack tree models; the results of the application of three scanners are assessed in the presence of realistic software faults responsible for security vulnerabilities in web applications. Attack trees represent the steps of performing an attack, allowing verifying whether security vulnerabilities detected by the scanner tool do exist in the application under test. The approach can also be used to perform security tests, as it permits the detection of vulnerabilities through the execution of attack scenarios / Mestrado / Engenharia de Computação / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

The need for custom footwear among the consumers is growing every day. Serious research is being undertaken with regards to the fit and comfort of the footwear. The integration of scanning systems in the footwear and orthotic industries have played a significant role in generating 3D digital representation of the foot for automated measurements from which a custom footwear or an orthosis is manufactured. The cost of such systems is considerably high for many manufacturers due to their expensive components, complex processing algorithms and difficult calibration techniques. This thesis presents a fast and robust calibration technique for a low-cost 3D laser scanner. The calibration technique is based on determining the mathematical relationship that relates the image coordinates to the real world coordinates. The relationship is determined by mapping the known real world coordinates of a reference object to its corresponding image coordinates by multivariate polynomial regression. With the developed mathematical relationship, 3D data points can be obtained from the 2D images of any object placed in the scanner. An image processing script is developed to detect the 2D image points of the laser profile in a series of scan images from 8 cameras. The detected 2D image points are reconstructed into 3D data points based on the mathematical model developed by the calibration process. Following that, the output model is achieved by triangulating the 3D data points as a mesh model with vertices and normals. The data is exported as a computer aided design (CAD) software readable format for viewing and measuring. This method proves to be less complex and the scanner was able to generate 3D models with an accuracy of +/-0.05 cm. The 3D data points from the output model were compared against a reference model scanned by an industrial grade scanner to verify and validate the result. The devised methodology for calibrating the 3D laser scanner can be employed to obtain accurate and reliable 3D data of the foot shape and it has been successfully tested with several participants.

Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz. Der Vortrag beginnt mit der Vorstellung eines C-Pen. Erfahrungen mit der praktischen Anwendung eines solchen "Computer-Stiftes" bilden den Hauptteil.

The need for custom footwear among the consumers is growing every day. Serious research is being undertaken with regards to the fit and comfort of the footwear. The integration of scanning systems in the footwear and orthotic industries have played a significant role in generating 3D digital representation of the foot for automated measurements from which a custom footwear or an orthosis is manufactured. The cost of such systems is considerably high for many manufacturers due to their expensive components, complex processing algorithms and difficult calibration techniques. This thesis presents a fast and robust calibration technique for a low-cost 3D laser scanner. The calibration technique is based on determining the mathematical relationship that relates the image coordinates to the real world coordinates. The relationship is determined by mapping the known real world coordinates of a reference object to its corresponding image coordinates by multivariate polynomial regression. With the developed mathematical relationship, 3D data points can be obtained from the 2D images of any object placed in the scanner. An image processing script is developed to detect the 2D image points of the laser profile in a series of scan images from 8 cameras. The detected 2D image points are reconstructed into 3D data points based on the mathematical model developed by the calibration process. Following that, the output model is achieved by triangulating the 3D data points as a mesh model with vertices and normals. The data is exported as a computer aided design (CAD) software readable format for viewing and measuring. This method proves to be less complex and the scanner was able to generate 3D models with an accuracy of +/-0.05 cm. The 3D data points from the output model were compared against a reference model scanned by an industrial grade scanner to verify and validate the result. The devised methodology for calibrating the 3D laser scanner can be employed to obtain accurate and reliable 3D data of the foot shape and it has been successfully tested with several participants.

Ilmenau, Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2001.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Mecatrônicos, 2013. / Submitted by Larissa Stefane Vieira Rodrigues (larissarodrigues@bce.unb.br) on 2014-11-14T14:27:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_LauraDanielaOrdierezZúñiga.pdf: 5362712 bytes, checksum: 181a904e7ed1b1a68ae9aa17ab0e88ef (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2014-11-24T19:28:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_LauraDanielaOrdierezZúñiga.pdf: 5362712 bytes, checksum: 181a904e7ed1b1a68ae9aa17ab0e88ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-24T19:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_LauraDanielaOrdierezZúñiga.pdf: 5362712 bytes, checksum: 181a904e7ed1b1a68ae9aa17ab0e88ef (MD5) / Instrumentos como scanner laser 3D são atualmente utilizados em diversas aplicações de engenharia reversa, uma vez que admitem a aquisição de informações da geometria da peça de objetos num tempo reduzido de medição resultando na redução de custos. Comparando com os instrumentos de medição com contato, como máquinas de medição por coordenadas (MMC). A verificação de desempenho de scanners a laser está em estudo e, atualmente, não há padrões nem normas universais para resolver este problema. Esta dissertação propõe um método para verificar o desempenho do scanners laser 3D do fabricante NextEngine. A abordagem experimental foi implementada usando um scanner a laser 3D fabricado pela NextEngine. Um padrão tridimensional foi projetado e fabricado em alumínio, com características geométricas específicas, como círculos, cilindros, aviões e esferas. As características geométricas como raios, ângulos e alturas foram determinadas através da medição em uma MMC cantilever com sonda de gatilhamento (valores convencionais). Os valores destas mesmas características foram medidas no scanner laser e comparadas com os valores convencionais, sendo que o desempenho do instrumento foi avaliado pela repetitividade e pela amplitude dos erros encontrados. O método foi adequado para avaliar o desempenho do instrumento verificado através de estimativas de exatidão e repetitividade. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Tridimensional laser scanner is nowadays used in several applications of reverse engineering since it admits acquisition of geometric information at reduced measurement time and cost. Comparing with instruments as Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM).The performance verification of laser scanners is under study and currently there is no standard to address this issue. This work proposes a method to verify the performance of 3D laser scanners manufactured by Next Engine. The experimental approach was implemented using 3D laser scanner manufactured by NextEngine. A tridimensional gauge was designed and manufactured in aluminum with specific geometrical features like circles, cylinders, planes and spheres. The measured geometric characteristics were radius, angles and heights. That was determined by MMC (conventional value). These dimensions were determined by a laser scanner and compared with the calibrated values. The method was suitable to evaluate the instrument performance as estimates of the accuracy and the repeatability were obtained.

Aufgabe dieser Studie war es, die Behandlungsgenauigkeit des Incognito®-Bracketsystems zu verifizieren. Die therapeutischen Set-Up- und Abschlussmodelle wurden mittels 3D-Scanner digitalisiert, virtuell überlagert und von jedem einzelnen Zahn die Abweichungen der Rotationen und Translationen in den drei Raumdimensionen berechnet. Die Frontzähne zeigten Abweichungen der Rotationen von weniger als 4,5° und der Translationen von unter 0,4 mm. Außerdem wurden besondere Einflüsse wie Ober- oder Unterkiefer, Wachstum, Bracketgeneration, Frontzahnstellung, 3D-Scanner-Hardware und verwendete Finishing-Bögen analysiert. Der klinisch gewonnene Eindruck konnte somit durch die Messergebnisse der Studie bestätigt werden. Eine überzeugende Übereinstimmung des Endergebnisses mit dem therapeutischen Set-Up ist in der Lingualtechnik mittels individualisierter Brackets realisierbar. / The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment accuracy of Incognito® braces. The therapeutic set-up and final casts were digitalized using a 3D scanner and overlaid. The deviations of the rotations and translations of every single tooth in the three spatial dimensions were calculated. The front teeth showed deviations of the rotations of less than 4.5° and deviations of the translations of less than 0.4 mm. In addition, particular influences such as upper or lower jaw, growth, generation of braces, position of front teeth, 3D scanner hardware and finishing arches were analyzed. The clinical findings could be confirmed by the results of the study. A satisfactory accordance of the final result with the therapeutic set-up in lingual orthodontics is possible using individualized braces.

Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChD / Measurements and a variety of analyses of dental casts are essential for precise diagnosis of an orthodontic case. Study models have long been an essential part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Currently virtual computerized models are available to clinicians, supplemented by dedicated software for performing needed measurements (Zilberman et al, 2003). Digital impression methods are now available and intraoral digital scanning techniques make it possible to generate study models directly from the scanning of the dentition. The aim of this study was to compare measurements taken after scanning the dental impressions to the measurements obtained from using direct intraoral scanning of the dentition. Alginate impressions of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions were taken on 20 patients and these impressions were scanned using a 3 Shape R 700 TM scanner. Direct intraoral scans of both dentitions were then performed for the same patient. Ortho analyzer TM software was used to measure the mesiodistal widths of individual teeth, and the intercanine and intermolar on digital models of the scanned impressions and digital models obtained from direct intraoral scans of the maxillary and the mandibular dentitions. The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between mesiodistal widths, and intercanine and intermolar distances between the two techniques (p > 0.05). Because of the high level of accuracy of the virtual measurements compared to those of the scanned impressions, it can be concluded that direct intraoral scanning of the dentition can be used with confidence in the clinical situation to measure tooth sizes and inter-arch distances for orthodontic purposes. Orthodontists commonly use models for various areas in the practice, clinical research and medico-legal documentation (Marcel, 2001)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) plays a very important role in the field of drugdevelopment already in the preclinical phase. This is done by using positron labeled molecules for different approaches/methodologies such as cell analysis, frozen section autoradiography, homogenate binding, organ distribution and at the end in vivo small-animal PET imaging. The technique is also used for integrated animal studies in which both functional information from PET or Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) and structural information from Computed Tomography (CT) are integrated. However, significant improvements in technical aspects of the animal scanner such as resolution (under 1 mm), high sensitivity and ease of the operational procedures have affected the usage of these types of imaging. This study aims to test the technical and operational performance of the FLEX Triumph preclinical PET/SPECT/CT imaging system. Spatial resolution, sensitivity and partial volume effects have been the parameters in focus but a performance comparison between different isotopes and an in vivo mouse study has also been performed. The results show that the Triumph is capable of producing high quality images for all modalities and also high quality PET/CT fusions.

With the popularization of Internet, and the vulnerabilities found continuously, network hosts meet more and more risks of being attacked. If we don¡¦t secure them well, they will become the targets of the hackers. In addition to the protection of firewalls, vulnerability scanners can also help us to find out the weekness of our network hosts. Nessus is an open source freeware which has the capability of vulnerability assessment. Nessus has very powerful scanning ability and is very easy to use. Nessus provides detailed result reports from the messages in the plugins. However, like many other freeware and software, Nessus is an English software. For this reason, Nessus provides English result reports. For those who do not use English as their first language, it costs a lot of time to read a lot of English result reports. In this research, we develop a localizational system of the Nessus scanner and provide the result reports in users¡¦ local language. We develop an automatic mechanism to extract the messages and infomations in the plugins, and put them into the vulnerability databases. We also develop two subsystems, one of them makes translators translates the message in the vulnerability database into their local language, and the other replaces the English result with those translated messages. This research proposes the design above and actually implements a localizational system of the Nessus scanner. It attempts to reduce the time and labor consumption while translating, automate the update process of vulnerability database, and avoid the modification of source code as possible.