The investigation of the relationship between the learning culture and academic achievement is the focal point of this research. Owing to the poor scholastic performance of particularly black matric pupils in the erstwhile Department of Education and Training, an investigation was launched into the Department with a view to identify the possible causes of poor matric performance. As a point of departure an in-depth study was made into aspects of the Department of Education and Training, including those which did not fall within the ambit of the Department, which would shed light on the possible causes of poor matric results. The study revealed many signs and incidents which are symptomatic of an eroded culture of learning in a considerable number of schools. Subsequently, a comprehensive study of the establishment of a learning culture was made. According to this study the establishment of a learning culture should transcend the boundaries of the school because pupils do not only learn and study at school, but at home and in the community as well. After concluding this study it immediately became evident that a considerable number of black schools fall far short of the requirements of a learning culture. The responsibilities of the principal as the manager and instructional leader of his school, together with the selection of the principal and teachers for employment, were the next to be studied. Proper performance of the aforementioned functions as well as proper selection of either the principal or teachers for employment can contribute enormously towards establishing a positive school climate. In the empirical research data was gleaned by means of questionnaires. Thereafter the Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between variables and the t-test and chi-square test were used to test the null hypothesis. From the empirical investigation it emerged that there is a relationship between a learning culture and academic achievement. The ultimate conclusion reached is that the establishment of a learning culture is a prerequisite for academic achievement. Arising from this research certain conclusions were drawn, recommendations were made and areas for possible future research were suggested. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

No description available.

L’objectif de ce mémoire est d’analyser le rôle de la composition culturelle et économique des écoles secondaires fréquentées à 15 ans sur l’échec scolaire à 25 ans. À partir des données de Statistique Canada (Enquête sur les jeunes en Transition), nous proposons une analyse originale portant sur l’inégalité des chances en matière de réussite scolaire ou plutôt de l’échec scolaire au secondaire à 25 ans. Théoriquement, nous mobilisons le cadre d’analyse théorique de la reproduction sociale de Pierre Bourdieu. L’originalité de notre approche est double. Nous prenons d’abord en compte à la fois des caractéristiques individuelles des élèves, mais aussi de la composition sociale des établissements qu’ils fréquentent. Nous intégrons par ailleurs à ces deux niveaux d’analyse une multiplicité d’indicateurs identifiés comme importants dans la réussite scolaire : multiplicité pouvant être culturelle, économique, sociale, ethnique et de genre. Nos résultats nous conduisent à constater l’existence d’un double primat du capital culturel en éducation dans la mesure où le niveau d’éducation des parents et le pourcentage de parents sans diplômes dans l’école sont de loin les deux facteurs explicatifs les plus déterminants de l’absence de diplomation du secondaire à 25 ans. Cela nous conduit à critiquer la production d’indices synthétiques de défavorisation par les acteurs scolaires : la proportion de familles monoparentales, divorcées ou vivant seuls, la proportion de chômeurs, le revenu moyen du quartier ou encore la proportion de gens sans diplômes dans l’agglomération d’une école. En plus de ne pas contribuer à prédire l’échec scolaire, ces indices pourraient contribuer à renforcer la stigmatisation des écoles. Enfin, nous montrons que le statut de l’école (public régulier, public enrichi et privé), le genre, l’origine ethnique et le revenu des parents conservent un impact significatif après contrôle du capital culturel au niveau individuel et de l’école. / The objective of this thesis is to study the role of the cultural and economic composition of elementary schools attended at age 15, on non-graduation at age 25. Using data from Statistics Canada (Youth in Transition Survey), we proposed an original analysis of the inequality of opportunities in terms of academic success or rather non-success in high school at age 25. Theoretically, we use Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical framework for social reproduction. The originality of our approach is twofold. We first take into account both the individual characteristics of the students, but also the social composition of schools they attend. We also integrate at these two levels a multiplicity of indicators identified as important in educational success: cultural, economic, social, ethnic and gender. Our results lead us to note the existence of a double primacy of cultural capital in education insofar as the level of parents' education and the percentage of parents without a diploma in school are by far the two most important explanatory factors of non-graduation from high school at age 25. The study allowed us to criticize the production of synthetic indices of deprivation by educational actors: the proportion of single-parent families, divorced or living alone, the proportion of unemployed, the average income of the district or the proportion of people without qualifications in the agglomeration. of a school, in addition to not helping to predict academic non-success in high school, could contribute to reinforcing the stigmatization of schools. Finally, we show that the status of the school (regular public, enriched public and private), gender, ethnicity and parental income retain a significant impact after controlling cultural capital at the individual and school level.

Les difficultés d’adaptation ou d’apprentissage (DAA) et le manque de motivation scolaire sont des facteurs de risque liés à des problématiques tel que le décrochage scolaire qui constitue un problème social majeur au Québec et ailleurs. Ce mémoire en psychopédagogie a pour but d’étudier l’influence de la motivation autodéterminée (MA) sur la réussite scolaire des élèves du 3e cycle du primaire présentant des difficultés d’adaptation ou d’apprentissage (EDAA) sous l’angle de la théorie de l’autodétermination (TAD). Nous ciblons comme objectifs spécifiques l’étude de l’état de la MA des EDAA et celui de leur réussite scolaire pour aboutir aux liens entre les deux. Notre cadre conceptuel est basé sur les dimensions de la TAD. C’est une théorie qui se marie bien avec l’approche qualitative interprétative adoptée dans cette recherche. Afin de mieux comprendre le phénomène visé par notre étude et de l’analyser dans son contexte réel, nous avons opté pour une étude de cas multiple basé sur un nombre limité de participants. Cinq EDAA du 3e cycle du primaire et leurs enseignant(e)s sont recruté(e)s dans deux écoles montréalaises afin de participer à des rencontres individuelles et répondre aux objectifs de notre étude. S’inscrivant dans une approche qualitative interprétative, notre recherche accorde une place particulière à la dimension vécue des participants et s’appuie sur leur expérience restituée par eux-mêmes lors des entrevues. Pour ce faire, des entrevues semi-dirigées sont menées auprès des participants afin de collecter des données relatives à la motivation et aux résultats scolaires des EDAA recrutés. L’étude des dossiers de ces élèves vient compléter ces données afin de répondre à notre objectif général de recherche. La collecte des données a eu lieu durant les trois derniers mois de l’année scolaire 2020-2021. En plus de mettre en avant la singularité de chaque cas en ce qui a trait à leur motivation, leurs résultats scolaires et le lien entre les deux, nos résultats de recherche ont élucidé les ressemblances et les dissemblances entre les différents cas par une comparaison inter-cas. Nous avons été en mesure d’atteindre notre objectif de recherche et nous avons dégagé les liens possibles entre la MA et les résultats des EDAA du 3e cycle du primaire. L’étude de la performance scolaire des élèves participants vis-à-vis d’eux-mêmes et de leur groupe a mis en exergue l’importance de la MA dans leur réussite scolaire. Toutefois, l’analyse des données a dégagé des éléments qui n’ont pas été ciblés dans notre étude qu’il importe de considérer dans des recherches futures. / School adjustment or learning difficulties as well as lack of academic motivation are risk factors related to issues such as school dropout, a major social problem in Quebec and elsewhere. This MA thesis in educational psychology aims to study the influence of self-determined motivation on the academic achievement of 3rd cycle primary school students, presenting adjustment or learning difficulties. The study is conducted in the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT). Our specific objectives are studying the state of self-determined motivation of this category of students as well as their academic success, in order to highlight the relations between the two. Our conceptual framework is based on the dimensions of (SDT). It is a theory that blends well with the qualitative interpretative approach adopted in this research. In order to understand better the phenomenon covered by our study and to examine it in its real context, we opted for a multiple case study based on a limited number of participants. Five students presenting adjustment or learning difficulties (primary school, 3 rd cycle, 5th or 6th class) and their teachers are recruited from two Montreal schools to participate to our research. As part of a qualitative interpretive approach, our research emphasizes particularly the participants’ perception and experience. To do so, semi-structured interviews are conducted with each participant to collect data on the motivation and educational outcomes of students presenting adjustment or learning difficulties. A review of the students’ records completed this data to meet our overall research objective. Data collection took place during the last three months of the 2020-2021 school year. In addition to highlighting the uniqueness of each case in terms of their motivation, their academic results, and the relation between the two, our research findings have elucidated the similarities and dissimilarities between the different cases by an inter-case comparison. We were able to achieve our research objective. Certainly, the study of the academic performance of the participating students vis-à-vis themselves and their group has highlighted the importance of selfdetermined motivation in the academic success of students presenting adjustment or learning difficulties in the third cycle of primary education. However, analysis of our data has identified areas that have not been identified in our study and need to be considered in future research.

Instructional leadership is essential for the academic success of any schooling situation. Given this background, the researcher set out to investigate how instructional leadership is practiced and also could be improved in the Southern nations, nationalities and people’s region of Ethiopia; to this end, the researcher used a case study of four secondary schools. The main research question that framed the study was: How do principals practice effective instructional leadership role in secondary schools? A qualitative research method formed the basis of this study. The choice of schools for this study was deliberate, and was solely based on convenience. Participants in this study consisted of national educational experts, regional and district supervisors, as well as the principals of the selected schools from the sample areas. The following were selected from the sample areas: four school principals, six district supervisors and six regional experts. In addition, there were four experts from the Ministry of Education who also participated in the study. The analysis of the research data revealed that there is strong evidence of effective instructional leadership at the selected schools. However, despite the existence of this instructional leadership, these schools, like all other organizations, are still faced with a number of challenges that limit the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. These challenges include lack of discipline, inadequate support, poor time management, lack of teaching and learning resources and poor training system. Participants were provided with a number of possible solutions to the problems identified. Principals were expected to be good role models in order to set examples for their staff members. An enabling environment had to be created for effective teaching and learning to take place. The researcher recommended the following new model: secondary school principals in the selected region were expected to have a vision and knowledge of instruction. In addition, they had to be committed to their work and be capable of creating a safe environment and a school culture conducive to effective teaching and learning. / Educational Leadership and Management / D. Ed. ( Educational Management)