Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1965. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: l. [42]-44.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the effects of indvidualized teaching on selected aspects of cognition and motivation. Research issues focus on changes in cognitive and executive functions, clients' attitude to tutored subjects, the difference between the attitude of clients to tutoring and school education and changes in length of clients' preparation for school lessons and changes in school results. The research sample consisted of 8 clients aged 14-18 who were involved in the individual tutoring programme. The applied methods were interview and the CAS2, assessment battery. The most important findings of the research include improvement in the performance of executive functions and increased perceived entertainment of school subjects. Compared to school education, tutoring was considered more useful, especially the individual and friendly approach of lecturers was evaluated more positively than teachers' approach. School results improved by at least one grade for all clients in at least one tutored subject.

Magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas - ištirti vyresniųjų paauglių (10 – os klasės mokinių ) mokymosi motyvaciją ir nerimastingumą žinių vertinimo situacijose. Tyrime dalyvavo 240 respondentų: 120 mergaičių ir 120 berniukų ugdomų miesto ir rajono vidurinėse mokyklose bei miesto gimnazijoje. Mokymosi motyvacija tirta A. Petrulytės (2003) „Paauglių mokymosi motyvacijos testu“, nerimastingumas – V. N. Karandaševo, M. S. Lebedevos ir Č. Spilbergerio (2004) „Mokyklinio nerimastingumo žinių vertinimo situacijose klausimynu“. Tyrimo hipotezės: 1) rajono vidurinėje mokykloje ugdomų mokinių mokymosi motyvacija yra žemesnė nei miesto mokyklas lankančių mokinių; 2) rajono vidurinėje mokykloje ugdomi mokiniai patiria žemesnį nerimastingumą nei jų bendraamžiai ugdomi miesto mokyklose; 3) gali išryškėti skirtumai tarp 10 – os klasės mokinių mokymosi motyvacijos ir nerimastingumo demografinių kintamųjų atžvilgiu. Atlikus mokymosi motyvacijos tyrimą nustatyta, kad daugumai respondentų būdingas vidutinis mokymosi motyvacijos lygmuo. Atskleista, kad mergaičių mokymosi motyvacija šiek tiek aukštesnė nei berniukų. Aptikta, kad miesto vidurinėje mokykloje ugdomų moksleivių mokymosi motyvacija yra aukštesnė lyginant su rajono vidurinėje ir miesto gimnazijoje ugdomais mokiniais. Apibendrinus nerimastingumo tyrimo duomenis nustatyta, kad daugiau nei 50 % apklausoje dalyvavusių moksleivių pasižymi vidutiniu nerimastingumu. Paaiškėjo, kad mergaičių nerimastingumas buvo šiek tiek aukštesnis nei berniukų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main object of this final master project is to explore school motivation and test anxiety of senior pupil (pupils of tenth class) in situations of assessment. 240 respondents (120 girls and boys studying at the schools of the city and district and at the gymnasium of the city) participated in the survey. School motivation has been surveyed using “Test of school motivation for senior students” by Petrulyte (2003). Anxiety has been researched using “Survey of school anxiety in test situations” by Karandasev, Lebedeva and Spilberger (2004). Research hypotheses: 1) school motivation of pupils studying at district’s secondary schools is lower that of pupils studying at the secondary schools of the city; 2) pupils at the secondary schools in district experience lower anxiety that pupils studying at the schools in the city; 3) some differences at school motivation and anxiety of pupils of the tenth class may appear in respect of demographic variables. The school motivation research results ascertained that most respondents experience medium school motivation level. The survey results revealed that school motivation of girls is a bit higher of that of boys. It is also evident that school motivation of pupils studying at city’s secondary schools is higher than school motivation of the pupils studying at district’s secondary schools and at the city’s gymnasium. Summarizing the data of anxiety research it was identified, that more than 50 % of pupils who participated in this... [to full text]

It is presented the structure and psychometric studies of the “School Motivation Questionnaire”. The SMQ is a self-report questionnaire with 101 items, organized in sixteen scales that measure the students´ goal orientations, the perceived classroom goal structures, the perceived teacher’s autonomy support and the use of learning strategies. Twelve scales are adapted from the “Learning Climate Questionnaire”, “Perceptions of Instrumentality” and “Cuestionário a Estudiantes”. Four scales and five additional items are created new. The psychometric studies rely on a convenience sample consisting of 9th and 12th grade students ( = 485) of Portuguese schools. The factorial and construct validity, verified through several exploratory factorial analyses to the data, presents a final solution of six factors, labelled Strategies (F1), Teacher Extrinsic Goals (F2), Student Extrinsic Goals, Externally Regulated (F3) Teacher Intrinsic Goals (F4), Student Extrinsic Goals, Internally Regulated (F5), and Student Intrinsic Goals (F6). The six-factor solution explains a significant variance of the scale results (53.95%). Good coefficients of internal consistency are obtained for all factors, never below (.858; F6). In sum there is strong evidence to support the multi-dimensionality of SMQ, upholding that the data obtained is exploratory and applies for future validation studies. / Se presenta la estructura y los estudios psicométricos del “Cuestionario de Motivación Escolar“. El CME es un cuestionario de auto informe con 101 ítems, organizados en dieciséis escalas que miden las orientaciones de las metas de los estudiantes, la percepción de las estructuras de las metas de clase, las percepciones del apoyo del profesor a la autonomía y el uso de estrategias de aprendizaje. Doce escalas son una adaptación del “Learning Climate Questionnaire”, “Perceptions of Instrumentality” y “Cuestionario a Estudiantes”. Cuatro escalas y cinco frases adicionales se crearon para este estudio. Los estudios psicométricos se basan en una muestra de conveniencia compuesta por estudiantes de los grados 9 y 12 (N = 485) de las escuelas portuguesas. La validez factorial y la construcción ha sido verificada a través de varios análisis factoriales exploratorios de los datos, y presenta una solución definitiva de seis factores, siendo Estrategias (F1), Metas extrínsecas de los docentes (F2), Metas extrínsecas de los estudiantes, reguladas externamente (F3), Metas intrínsecas de los docentes (F4), Metas extrínsecas de los estudiantes ,reguladas internamente (F5), y Metas intrínsecas de los estudiantes (F6). La solución de seis factores explica una variación significativa de los resultados de la escala (53,95%). Se encontraron buenos coeficientes de consistencia interna para todos los factores, nunca por debajo de (.858; F6). En suma, hay una fuerte evidencia para apoyar la multidimensionalidad del CME. Estos resultados son exploratorios y servirán como una base para estudios de validación posteriores.

Thesis (M.S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Family Studies and Social Work, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-35).

De nombreuses études sur l’évolution de la motivation pour les mathématiques sont disponibles et il existe également plusieurs recherches qui se sont penchées sur la question de la différence motivationnelle entre les filles et les garçons. Cependant, aucune étude n’a tenu compte de la séquence scolaire des élèves en mathématiques pour comprendre le changement motivationnel vécu pendant le second cycle du secondaire, alors que le classement en différentes séquences est subi par tous au secondaire au Québec. Le but principal de cette étude est de documenter l’évolution de la motivation pour les mathématiques des élèves du second cycle du secondaire en considérant leur séquence de formation scolaire et leur sexe. Les élèves ont été classés dans deux séquences, soit celle des mathématiques de niveau de base (416-514) et une autre de niveau de mathématiques avancé (436-536). Trois mille quatre cent quarante élèves (1864 filles et 1576 garçons) provenant de 30 écoles secondaires publiques francophones de la grande région de Montréal ont répondu à cinq reprises à un questionnaire à items auto-révélés portant sur les variables motivationnelles suivantes : le sentiment de compétence, l’anxiété de performance, la perception de l’utilité des mathématiques, l’intérêt pour les mathématiques et les buts d’accomplissement. Ces élèves étaient inscrits en 3e année du secondaire à la première année de l’étude. Ils ont ensuite été suivis en 4e et 5e année du secondaire. Les résultats des analyses à niveaux multiples indiquent que la motivation scolaire des élèves est généralement en baisse au second cycle du secondaire. Cependant, cette diminution est particulièrement criante pour les élèves inscrits dans les séquences de mathématiques avancées. En somme, les résultats indiquent que les élèves inscrits dans les séquences avancées montrent des diminutions importantes de leur sentiment de compétence au second cycle du secondaire. Leur anxiété de performance est en hausse à la fin du secondaire et l’intérêt et la perception de l’utilité des mathématiques chutent pour l’ensemble des élèves. Les buts de maîtrise-approche sont également en baisse pour tous et les élèves des séquences de base maintiennent généralement des niveaux plus faibles. Une diminution des buts de performance-approche est aussi retrouvée, mais cette dernière n’atteint que les élèves dans les séquences de formation avancées. Des hausses importantes des buts d’évitement du travail sont retrouvées pour les élèves des séquences de mathématiques avancées à la fin du secondaire. Ainsi, les élèves des séquences de mathématiques avancées enregistrent la plus forte baisse motivationnelle pendant le second cycle du secondaire bien qu’ils obtiennent généralement des scores supérieurs aux élèves des séquences de base. Ces derniers maintiennent généralement leur niveau motivationnel. La différence motivationnelle entre les filles et les garçons ne sont pas souvent significatives, malgré le fait que les filles maintiennent généralement un niveau motivationnel inférieur à celui des garçons, et ce, par rapport à leur séquence de formation respective. En somme, les résultats de la présente étude indiquent que la diminution de la motivation au second cycle du secondaire pour les mathématiques touche principalement les élèves des séquences avancées. Il paraît ainsi pertinent de considérer la séquence scolaire dans les études sur l’évolution de la motivation, du moins en mathématiques. Il semble particulièrement important d’ajuster les interventions pédagogiques proposées aux élèves des séquences avancées afin de faciliter leur transition en mathématiques de quatrième secondaire. / Researchers have recently been interested in the evolution of student motivation in mathematics during the high school years. Many findings have underscored gender differences in student motivation. Research has yet to consider motivational differences according to skill level in mathematics during the final years of high school. Because performance-based streaming in mathematics is a conventional educational practice in its system, the Canadian province of Quebec offers an excellent opportunity to study such student differences over time, according to gender. Thus, the main objective of this study is to document the evolution of student motivation in high school mathematics while attending to mathematics skill level and gender. Based on existing performance-based educational policy, participants (1864 girls and 1576 boys) were already grouped in two skill levels of mathematics courses: advanced and basic. They were enrolled in one of 30 French-language public high schools in the Montreal area. Between ninth and eleventh grade (mean ages 14.60 and 17.84, respectively), students completed a self-report questionnaire at five different time points. The questionnaire addressed the following five motivational variables at all five time points: competence beliefs, performance anxiety, perception of mathematics utility, interest for mathematics, and accomplishment goals (mastery-based, performance-based, and avoidance-based approach goals). Grade 11 represents the final year of high school in Quebec. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses were employed to achieve the objective of this study. The results indicate that student motivation generally decreased by the end of high school. However, this decrement was particularly remarkable for students at the advanced mathematics skill level. More specifically, students in the advanced level showed a steeper decline in self-perceived competence, expressed interest, and perceptions of usefulness of mathematics at the end of high school. Their performance anxiety also increased during the same developmental period. Although the results revealed decrements in mastery-based approach goals for all students, those at the basic skill classification maintained generally lower levels of such goal-directed behaviors at the end of high school. Conversely, only students at the advanced skill level reported decreased performance-based approach goals. They also showed important increases in avoidance-based goals. Though students registered in the basic mathematics skill stream consistently reported lower motivation scores, their counterparts at advanced skill levels reported comparatively more important motivational decrements by the end of high school. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that decreases in mathematics motivation by the end of high school particularly affect students at more advanced mathematics levels. As for gender, motivational differences between girls and boys were not often found significant. This finding is above and beyond the fact that girls consistently maintained lower motivation scores than boys registered at the same mathematics skill level. This finding highlights the importance of considering possible gender differences when facing the challenges of the high school math curriculum, regardless of skill level. The most important findings suggest that pedagogical interventions be prospectively adjusted in tenth grade in order to circumvent decreases in student motivation at advanced levels by the end of high school.

La vision illusoire de soi positive (surestimation de soi) semble inhérente à la cognition humaine et fluctue dans son intensité en fonction de l’âge et du degré d’abstraction du concept évalué. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons aux illusions positives, mais aussi négatives, des perceptions que les enfants âgés de 8 à 11 ans ont vis-à-vis de leur compétence scolaire. Ces illusions sont mesurées à partir de l’écart entre les performances scolaires effectives des élèves d’une part et la perception qu’ils ont de leur compétence scolaire d’autre part. Le biais d’auto-évaluation de compétence scolaire, locution utilisée pour faire référence à cet écart positif ou négatif, a été étudié jusqu’alors en considérant les habiletés générales des élèves à l’école (voir Bouffard, Pansu & Boissicat, 2013). Dans cette thèse, le biais est abordé au niveau de matières spécifiques : le français et les mathématiques. L’objectif général est d’appréhender les liens entre les auto-évaluations biaisées de compétence, l’adaptation et la réussite scolaire des élèves dans ces deux disciplines. A un niveau individuel, un suivi longitudinal d’élèves de primaire (N = 677) sur trois années a permis dans une première étude de définir quatre trajectoires développementales du biais d’auto-évaluation : trois trajectoires assez stables, une positive, une modérée, une négative, ainsi qu’une quatrième évoluant d’un biais très négatif à un biais relativement modéré. Après avoir examiné les liens entre ces trajectoires et un ensemble de mesures liées à l’adaptation scolaire de l’élève, nous avons appréhendé dans une seconde étude l’autorégulation et la performance scolaire des élèves en fonction de leur auto-évaluation biaisée. La mise en lumière des liens entre le biais d’auto-évaluation, l’adaptation et le fonctionnement des élèves a permis de rendre compte du caractère plus ou moins délétère du biais selon qu’il soit positif ou négatif. A un niveau interindividuel, une troisième étude a porté sur le lien entre le biais d’auto-évaluation de compétence des élèves et le jugement de leur enseignant. Enfin, une dernière étude a examiné la capacité des enseignants à repérer les auto-évaluations biaisées chez leurs élèves. Si les enseignants jugent mieux les élèves surestimant leur compétence, les résultats de la dernière étude laissent à penser que ce processus est inconscient. / The illusive positive view of the self (overestimation of the self) seems inherent to human cognition. This illusion fluctuates in its intensity according to the age and degree of abstraction of the concept evaluated. In this thesis, we are interested in the positive or negative illusions of self-perceptions among elementary school student aged from 8 to 11. We put the focus in this thesis on the difference between a student's academic skills, measured by standardized tests, and the student’s self-evaluation of his competence. The self-evaluation bias of school competency refer to this gap studied so far by considering the general abilities of the students (see Bouffard, Pansu & Boissicat, 2013). In this thesis, the bias is approached in specific domains: in French and in mathematics. The overall goal is to understand the links between biased self-assessments of competency, student adjustments and academic achievements in these two disciplines. At an individual level, a three-year longitudinal follow-up study of third elementary grade to fifth grade students (N = 677) allowed to define four developmental trajectories of the self-evaluation bias: three fairly stable trajectories, one positive, one neutral, one negative, and the last trajectory evolving from a very negative bias to a positive one. We examined then the links between these trajectories and scholastic adjustment measures. Considering these results, in a second study we examined the self-regulation and academic performance of students according to their biased self-evaluation. The highlight of links between self-evaluation bias and students’ adjustment were relevant to account for detrimental or beneficial nature of the bias, according to its valence. At an inter-individual level, we were interested in a third study on the link between student self-assessment bias and the judgment of their teacher. At last, in a final study, we assessed the ability of teachers to identify self-biased evaluation in their students. In the case of teachers appraising students who overestimate their competence, the results of the last study conducted on this students two years later suggest that this process is unconscious.

De nombreuses études sur l’évolution de la motivation pour les mathématiques sont disponibles et il existe également plusieurs recherches qui se sont penchées sur la question de la différence motivationnelle entre les filles et les garçons. Cependant, aucune étude n’a tenu compte de la séquence scolaire des élèves en mathématiques pour comprendre le changement motivationnel vécu pendant le second cycle du secondaire, alors que le classement en différentes séquences est subi par tous au secondaire au Québec. Le but principal de cette étude est de documenter l’évolution de la motivation pour les mathématiques des élèves du second cycle du secondaire en considérant leur séquence de formation scolaire et leur sexe. Les élèves ont été classés dans deux séquences, soit celle des mathématiques de niveau de base (416-514) et une autre de niveau de mathématiques avancé (436-536). Trois mille quatre cent quarante élèves (1864 filles et 1576 garçons) provenant de 30 écoles secondaires publiques francophones de la grande région de Montréal ont répondu à cinq reprises à un questionnaire à items auto-révélés portant sur les variables motivationnelles suivantes : le sentiment de compétence, l’anxiété de performance, la perception de l’utilité des mathématiques, l’intérêt pour les mathématiques et les buts d’accomplissement. Ces élèves étaient inscrits en 3e année du secondaire à la première année de l’étude. Ils ont ensuite été suivis en 4e et 5e année du secondaire. Les résultats des analyses à niveaux multiples indiquent que la motivation scolaire des élèves est généralement en baisse au second cycle du secondaire. Cependant, cette diminution est particulièrement criante pour les élèves inscrits dans les séquences de mathématiques avancées. En somme, les résultats indiquent que les élèves inscrits dans les séquences avancées montrent des diminutions importantes de leur sentiment de compétence au second cycle du secondaire. Leur anxiété de performance est en hausse à la fin du secondaire et l’intérêt et la perception de l’utilité des mathématiques chutent pour l’ensemble des élèves. Les buts de maîtrise-approche sont également en baisse pour tous et les élèves des séquences de base maintiennent généralement des niveaux plus faibles. Une diminution des buts de performance-approche est aussi retrouvée, mais cette dernière n’atteint que les élèves dans les séquences de formation avancées. Des hausses importantes des buts d’évitement du travail sont retrouvées pour les élèves des séquences de mathématiques avancées à la fin du secondaire. Ainsi, les élèves des séquences de mathématiques avancées enregistrent la plus forte baisse motivationnelle pendant le second cycle du secondaire bien qu’ils obtiennent généralement des scores supérieurs aux élèves des séquences de base. Ces derniers maintiennent généralement leur niveau motivationnel. La différence motivationnelle entre les filles et les garçons ne sont pas souvent significatives, malgré le fait que les filles maintiennent généralement un niveau motivationnel inférieur à celui des garçons, et ce, par rapport à leur séquence de formation respective. En somme, les résultats de la présente étude indiquent que la diminution de la motivation au second cycle du secondaire pour les mathématiques touche principalement les élèves des séquences avancées. Il paraît ainsi pertinent de considérer la séquence scolaire dans les études sur l’évolution de la motivation, du moins en mathématiques. Il semble particulièrement important d’ajuster les interventions pédagogiques proposées aux élèves des séquences avancées afin de faciliter leur transition en mathématiques de quatrième secondaire. / Researchers have recently been interested in the evolution of student motivation in mathematics during the high school years. Many findings have underscored gender differences in student motivation. Research has yet to consider motivational differences according to skill level in mathematics during the final years of high school. Because performance-based streaming in mathematics is a conventional educational practice in its system, the Canadian province of Quebec offers an excellent opportunity to study such student differences over time, according to gender. Thus, the main objective of this study is to document the evolution of student motivation in high school mathematics while attending to mathematics skill level and gender. Based on existing performance-based educational policy, participants (1864 girls and 1576 boys) were already grouped in two skill levels of mathematics courses: advanced and basic. They were enrolled in one of 30 French-language public high schools in the Montreal area. Between ninth and eleventh grade (mean ages 14.60 and 17.84, respectively), students completed a self-report questionnaire at five different time points. The questionnaire addressed the following five motivational variables at all five time points: competence beliefs, performance anxiety, perception of mathematics utility, interest for mathematics, and accomplishment goals (mastery-based, performance-based, and avoidance-based approach goals). Grade 11 represents the final year of high school in Quebec. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses were employed to achieve the objective of this study. The results indicate that student motivation generally decreased by the end of high school. However, this decrement was particularly remarkable for students at the advanced mathematics skill level. More specifically, students in the advanced level showed a steeper decline in self-perceived competence, expressed interest, and perceptions of usefulness of mathematics at the end of high school. Their performance anxiety also increased during the same developmental period. Although the results revealed decrements in mastery-based approach goals for all students, those at the basic skill classification maintained generally lower levels of such goal-directed behaviors at the end of high school. Conversely, only students at the advanced skill level reported decreased performance-based approach goals. They also showed important increases in avoidance-based goals. Though students registered in the basic mathematics skill stream consistently reported lower motivation scores, their counterparts at advanced skill levels reported comparatively more important motivational decrements by the end of high school. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that decreases in mathematics motivation by the end of high school particularly affect students at more advanced mathematics levels. As for gender, motivational differences between girls and boys were not often found significant. This finding is above and beyond the fact that girls consistently maintained lower motivation scores than boys registered at the same mathematics skill level. This finding highlights the importance of considering possible gender differences when facing the challenges of the high school math curriculum, regardless of skill level. The most important findings suggest that pedagogical interventions be prospectively adjusted in tenth grade in order to circumvent decreases in student motivation at advanced levels by the end of high school.

Orientador: Afira Vianna Ripper / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T15:59:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cardoso_EliTeresa_M.pdf: 1031494 bytes, checksum: a3281bf20791f04b01769a33334cfa58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola da rede pública estadual de Campinas-SP, no período compreendido entre 2005 e 2008. O objetivo da pesquisa consistiu na aplicação de uma estratégia de ensino na disciplina de História, baseada no jogo RolePlayingGame (RPG), em uma sexta série do ensino fundamental. A avaliação dessa estratégia foi baseada nos pressupostos teóricos da motivação intrínseca/extrínseca e das metas de realização no contexto escolar. A metodologia foi embasada na pesquisa-ação dado o duplo papel da autora como professora e pesquisadora. Os dados foram coletados através dos registros da pesquisadora, Histórias e fichas dos personagens produzidas pelos alunos, e os resultados da avaliação dissertativa. A conclusão principal foi do caráter motivador do jogo RPG para o ensino de História, também aponta para um incremento das metas motivacionais aprender e performance-aproximação nos alunos jogadores de RPG / Abstract: This research was developed, from 2005 to 2008, in a school of the municipal public system of Campinas-SP. The purpose of the research consisted on the application, in a sixth grade class, of a teaching strategy for the teaching of Histoty based on the RPG game. The evaluation of the teaching strategy was based on the motivation theory, especially on intrinsic/extrinsic motivation and achievement motivation in the school context. The research methodology was based research-action due to the double role of the author as teacher and researcher. The data were collected through the registries of the researcher, interviews with teachers, questionnaires with students and the results of the written evaluation. As conclusion, it was found the motivational character of RPG game for the teaching of History and also it points to an increase of motivational targets as learning and performance-approximation for the students who played the game / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação

Nedanstående systematiska litteraturstudie är en studie av forskning rörande hemmasittarproblematik i grundskolans senare skolår. Syftet för studien är att genom en systematisk litteraturstudie undersöka vilka arbetssätt och förhållningssätt som aktuell forskning lyfter fram som framgångsfaktorer för att bryta hemmasittarproblematik och främja närvaro och motivation hos elever i grundskolans senare år i riskzon för permanentad frånvaro och utebliven gymnasiebehörighet. Därtill är syftet att via en syntes av litteraturstudien visa på en möjlig arbetsgång för arbetet, inspirerad av relationell pedagogik och KASAM, med tonvikt på språklig tillgänglighet, samt att klargöra vilken roll specialläraren med inriktning språk-, läs och skrivutveckling kan ha i detta arbete, utifrån frågeställningen: Hur beskriver aktuell forskning beprövade tillvägagångssätt och framgångsfaktorer i arbetet med att bryta och/eller förebygga hemmasittarproblematik i grundskolans senare år? Hur förhåller sig dessa forskningsrön till KASAM? Hur kan en syntes av dessa rön och KASAM användas för att bidra till en helhetsförståelse av studerad problembild? Hur kan en sådan syntes sammanfattas i en möjlig arbetsgång? Hur kan speciallärare med inriktning språk-, skriv- och läsutveckling med utgångspunkt i dessa arbetssätt och framgångsfaktorer arbeta med motiverande, aktiverande och delaktighetsskapande insatser för att bryta och/eller förebygga hemmasittarproblematik, i en språkligt tillgänglig lärmiljö, där eleven uppmuntras att aktivt delta i samtalet kring sin utbildning? I analysen av 9 studier framkom sju olika teman i arbetet med vald elevgrupp. Dessa teman har analyserats utifrån en relationell ansats och infogats i en analysram, i form av KASAM, en teori kring hur tre kritiska faktorer, begriplighet, hanterbarhet och meningsfullhet, samverkar för att betinga individers resurser för att hantera svårigheter och utmaningar. Studiens mål är en analys av hur anpassningsarbete och stödinsatser kan arrangeras för att skapa optimala förutsättningar för skol-återgång och fungerande skolgång för studerad elevgrupp. Framkomna teman i analysen är: tidig kart-läggning, snabba insatser och samarbete med elevhälsan, fysisk lärmiljö, skolan som social mötesplats, språklig tillgänglighet och språklig inkludering, studie- och yrkesvägledarens roll, delaktighet, inflytande och individualisering, schemaläggning. I analysen påvisades en tydlig samverkan mellan olika teman i höjandet av KASAM, på ett sätt som tydliggör vikten av djupgående kunskaper om elevens helhetssituation och behov i skolmiljön, vikten av samarbete med elevhälsan och studie- och yrkesvägledare, vikten av arbetet med språklig tillgänglighet samt vikten av delaktighetsskapande samarbete med elev och vårdnads-havare. Tre teman löpte genom samtliga KASAM- faktorer, och framstod genomgående som centrala för höjandet av KASAM: tidig kartläggning, snabba insatser, samarbete med elevhälsan, delaktighet, inflytande och individualisering samt språklig tillgänglighet och språklig inkludering. Dessa teman, konstaterades det, kan ses som grundläggande vid arbetet med samordnade insatser för studerad elevgrupp. / Focus of current systematic review is on research regarding students with ESL (Early School Leaving) related problems in later years of elementary school. The aim is to, through a systematic review, examine research based working methods to counteract ESL and promote attendance and motivation in later years of elementary school, targeting permanent absence and risk of not achieving secondary competence. A further aim is to, through a synthesis of the results of the systematic review, propose a possible working procedure for this process, inspired by relational pedagogy and KASAM, emphasizing linguistic availability, describing the role of a remedial teacher with the specialized working field linguistic-, reading- and writing development in the process. How are proven methods and success factors in the halting/prevention of ESL in later years of elementary school described in research studied? How are these findings related to KASAM? How can a synthesis of research-based methods and success factors and KASAM contribute to an overall understanding of the problem studied? How can such a synthesis be summarized into a working procedure? How can a remedial teacher, with specialized working field linguistic-, reading- and writing development, work to motivate and activate students, increasing their involvement, identifying measures to halt or/and prevent protracted problematic absence in later years of elementary school, all in a linguistically available learning environment, encouraging the student to participate actively in a dialogue concerning her/his education? In the analysis of 9 studied works of research 7 themes were extracted. The themes were analyzed and merged into a theoretical frame, KASAM, a theory based on three critical factors: comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness, interacting in the creation of individual ability to cope with problems and challenges. The aim is an analysis of how the process of creating school adjustments and supportive structures could be outlined to create best possible conditions for return to and consistent attendance at school for the group of students studied. The themes presented are Early investigation of the students ́ needs, early support and cooperation with the student health group, Physical learning environment, Social interactions at school, Linguistic availability and linguistic participation, The role of the careers officer, Participation, influence and individualization, and Timetabling. The analysis concludes an intricate synergy between the themes, in theory raising the level of KASAM, highlighting the importance of thorough knowledge of the students ́ situation and needs, the significance of cooperation with the students ́ health group, the benefits of cooperation with a careers officer, and the importance of linguistic availability and close collaboration with student and legal guardian. Three themes emerged as especially important for all KASAM factors: Early investigation of the students ́ needs, early support and cooperation with the student health group, Linguistic availability and linguistic participation and Participation, influence and individualization. These themes are identified as crucial for support of the group of students studied.