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Cette dissertation présente un problème réel et sujet à contreverse. C'est une compilation et une discussion bien étayée des principales analyses concernant la crise des journaux, surtout en ce qui concerne l'édition électronique, aussi bien que des initiatives d'accès ouvert, d'auto-archivage et des serveurs de prétirage. Ses sources sont les contributions des différents acteurs sur le marché pour l'information savante électronique comme les éditeurs commerciaux ou non, les sociétés savantes, les bibliothèques, etc...

Seemingly unscrupulous entities, referred to as “predatory” journals, have appeared in scholarly publishing over the past decade. Predatory journals have been characterized as using questionable publishing practices and consequently, as publishing questionable research. At the outset of this thesis, such assertions were based on little evidence, making it difficult to understand how to identify a predatory journal and judge the extent of the potential problem they present. This thesis sought to: (1) determine how the apparent operations of predatory journals differ from their presumed legitimate counterparts; (2) to characterize the epidemiology and reporting of biomedical research published in predatory journals; and (3) to determine what, if any, guidance health research funders provide about selecting journals in which to publish funded research. Predatory journals appear to be distinct from presumed legitimate journals in several ways. For example, they lack descriptions of their editorial processes, ethical policies, and content preservation arrangements more often than presumed legitimate journals. Researchers, globally, have published clinical and preclinical studies reporting on millions of research subjects in predatory journals. Such content is poorly reported against established reporting guidelines; some of it originates from high profile institutions and is supported by well-known biomedical research funders. Most major funders propose journal publication as one way of achieving open access, yet few provide guidance on how to select a journal for this purpose. These thesis findings suggest that some features encountered on journals’ websites may signal potentially questionable journal practices. These features should be further evaluated to determine their accuracy in detecting predatory journals. Additionally, researchers may be sending research to predatory journals which may be of low quality, low priority, or unacceptable in legitimate journals. This is problematic because genuine research efforts/participant contributions may go undetected and never contribute to future knowledge generation. Future research ought to be done to determine why and how researchers, globally, choose where to publish. Research funders ought to agree on guidance and policies to ensure funded research can be found by others and is published in journals indicating basic standards for facilitating this.

The purpose of this paper is to examine if employees at Swedish higher education libraries recommend shadow libraries, also known as Black Open Access, to its patrons as an alternative way to find information. We also want to see if there are any common patterns in the attitudes towards shadow libraries in general as well as the usage of them. Data was collected via a web based survey that yielded 239 responses. We found that only a small minority of employees had ever recommended the usage of shadow libraries to patrons and that few situations usually allow opportunities to recommend them. The results also show three themes of attitudes: 1) Employees with no degree in library and/or information sciences and that were already familiar with shadow libraries were most likely to agree with the opinion that information should not be treated as a commodity. 2) Employees with shorter working experience, were already familiar with shadow libraries and previously had referred patrons to them were more likely to agree with the opinion that shadow libraries favor an open and democratic society. 3) Younger employees with a gender identity other than man or woman and that previously had referred patrons to shadow libraries were more likely to agree with the opinion that shadow libraries are an acceptable alternative information source

Orientador: Marko Synésio Alves Monteiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T01:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_JeanCarlosFerreirados_M.pdf: 1558418 bytes, checksum: 9a7f0d7e80167344d00258ecd5bf5f41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O Movimento Open Access é um conjunto de iniciativas mundiais que busca tornar gratuito o acesso à literatura científica revisada por pares por meio de periódicos e repositórios disponibilizados na internet. O presente estudo objetivou analisar as práticas associadas à comunicação científica e como elas se relacionam com a proposta do Movimento Open Access. Tomou-se como referência a compreensão de cientistas brasileiros da área de Ciências Agrárias sobre a publicação em acesso aberto, buscando-se estabelecer uma reflexão acerca dos elementos envolvidos nas práticas de publicação desses pesquisadores, tais como os fatores envolvidos na seleção dos veículos para a comunicação dos resultados de pesquisa. Analisaram-se os princípios do Movimento Open Access, destacando-se o papel da comunicação na ciência e sua relação com a aquisição do reconhecimento social e com o sistema de distribuição de recompensas entre os cientistas. Foram discutidos os principais fatores associados ao surgimento desse movimento, quais sejam: a insatisfação dos cientistas e das instituições de pesquisa com o aumento dos preços das assinaturas de periódicos oferecidos por editoras científicas comerciais e o surgimento de novos formatos de publicação possibilitados pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Em seguida, analisou-se o acesso aberto no Brasil, elencando as principais iniciativas existentes, suas características e os atores institucionais envolvidos com sua implantação. Por fim, analisou-se, a partir de entrevistas, a compreensão dos pesquisadores das Ciências Agrárias sobre a publicação científica em acesso aberto. As conclusões do estudo apontam para limitações das escolhas de publicação dos pesquisadores em torno de periódicos de prestígio e de alto Fator de Impacto. Tais escolhas se dão influenciadas pela valorização dessas publicações nas avaliações científicas realizadas pelas principais agências de fomento à pesquisa do país, o que representa uma barreira substancial para os pesquisadores publicarem em periódicos de acesso aberto que não se enquadram nessas especificações. Ademais, os resultados evidenciaram que os órgãos que operam o sistema de avaliação científica e de recompensas têm um importante papel na modificação ou permanência de práticas de publicação consagradas, assim como na aceitação do acesso aberto entre os pesquisadores / Abstract: The Open Access Movement is a set of global initiatives that seek to provide free access to peerreviewed scientific literature through journals and repositories available on the internet. This study aimed to analyze the practices associated with scientific communication and how they relate to the proposals of the Open Access Movement. We took as a reference the comprehension of some Brazilian scientists in the field of Agricultural Sciences on the open access publication, seeking to establish a reflection on the elements involved in the publishing practices of these researchers, such as the criteria involved in the selection of vehicles for the communication of the research results. We analyzed the principles of the Open Access Movement, emphasizing the role of communication in science and its relation to the acquisition of social recognition and to the system of distribution of rewards among scientists. We discussed the key events associated with the emergence of this movement, which are: the dissatisfaction of scientists and research institutions with the increasing prices of journal subscriptions offered by commercial scientific publishers and the emergence of new publication formats made possible by information and communication technologies. Then, we analyzed the open access in Brazil, listing the major existing initiatives, their characteristics and the institutional actors involved in its implementation. Finally, we analyzed, through interviews, the understanding of researchers in the field of Agricultural Sciences on open access scientific publication. The results of our study point to limitations in the choices of researchers around prestigious and high impact factor journals. Such choices are influenced by the value given to these publications in the scientific evaluations conducted by the major research funding agencies in the country, which represents a substantial barrier for researchers to publish in open access journals that do not fit these specifications. Moreover, the results showed that the agencies which operate the system of scientific evaluation and rewards play an important role in the modification or permanence of established publication practices as well as for the acceptance of open access by researchers / Mestrado / Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica / Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Peer review is considered the gold standard of scientific publishing. Trust in the traditional system of editor – blind-reviewer – author is still high, but it’s authority is in decline and alternative methods are on the rise. The current study investigates opinions of alternative peer review methods, the arguments for and against, and the reasons why academics are searching for new approaches. The opinions were analysed by applying qualitative content analysis to online discussions. The findings were interpreted using two different sociological theories: the Mertonian sociology of science and social constructivism. The results of the study show that the most discussed method was also the most traditional one: closed pre-publication peer review comprised of single blind, double-blind and open peer review (non blinded). Discussions of open peer review (both open publishing of reports and open discussions) were also common. All other alternative methods were discussed much less. But the discussions were lively and each method was discussed in both positive and negative terms. The reasons for preferring certain methods were also manifold, but dominant topics were bias and fairness, quality issues (regarding reviews and publications), issues concerning human resources and communication and exchange among people. The results of this study demonstrate that while ethical norms seems to be a scientific ideal, human nature makes it impossible to accomplish this goal.

Das vorliegende Grußwort wurde anlässlich des Open Access-Tages 2016 der Technischen Universität Chemnitz durch den Referenten (Schwerpunkt Forschung und wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs) im Büro des Rektors der TU Chemnitz gehalten. Der Redner ging auf die zunehmende Bedeutung von Open Access ein und hob die diesbezüglichen Services der Universitätsbibliothek hervor. / The welcome speech was held on Open Access Day 2016 of Technische Universität Chemnitz by Michael Partmann, Assistant (specialized in Research and Junior Researchers) in the Rector’s Office. The speaker mentioned the increasing importance of Open Access and highlighted the relevant services of the University Library.

Im Grußwort zum hochschulöffentlichen Open Access-Tag 2015 formulierte Herr Professor Heinrich Lang, Prorektor für Forschung und wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs: "Open Access schafft Strukturen und Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Forschungsergebnissen im Internet, die einen freien und langfristigen Zugang zu diesen Ressourcen gewährleisten. Im Zeitalter digitaler Wissensverbreitung ist Open Access damit ein Garant für die Wahrung der Publikations- und Informationsfreiheit, für deren Einklang und die Wissenschaften voranzutreiben." Am Vormittag des 02.11.2015 kamen Bibliothekare aus sieben sächsischen Hochschul- und Spezialbibliotheken zum 2. Workshop der Open Access Community Sachsen zusammen. Sie präsentierten und diskutierten Strategien und Dienstleistungen zur Unterstützung von Open-Access-Publikationen. In Sachsen wird es dazu eine intensive Zusammenarbeit geben. Danach trafen sich die Wissenschaftler/innen und Studierenden der TU Chemnitz im zentralen Hörsaalgebäude. Das Programm wurde vom Open-Access-Team der Universitätsbibliothek koordiniert und von der Bibliotheksdirektorin, Frau Angela Malz moderiert. Als Referenten konnten anerkannte Experten aus dem Urheberrecht, dem Verlagswesen und der Allianz der Wissenschaftsorganisationen sowie Wissenschaftler der TU Chemnitz gewonnen werden. Es ergab sich eine anregende Diskussion zu den Umwälzungen im wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesen aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln. Der jährliche Informations- und Aktionstag ist Ausdruck des Engagements der Universitätsbibliothek, Wissenschaftler/innen bei der Open Access Publikation zu unterstützen. / In his welcome speech of the Open Access Day 2015 at the Technische Universität Chemnitz Professor Dr. Heinrich Lang, Vice-Rector for Research and Promotion of Young Scientists, statet that „Open Access creates structures and procedures for the online provision of research results and thereby ensures the free and long-term access to those resources. In the era of the digital dissemination of knowledge, Open Access protects the freedom of publication as well as the freedom of information, whose unity is the basis of scientific advancement.“ The morning session on 2 November 2015 was dedicated to the second workshop of Saxony‘s Open Access Community in which librarians from seven university and specialised libraries got together to discuss strategies and services for the support of Open Access publications. To this end, there will be a close collaboration of Saxon libraries. For the afternoon session of the Open Access Day scientists and students of the Technische Universität Chemnitz gathered in the central lecture hall. The program was coordinated by the University Library and was moderated by the Head Librarian, Angela Malz. Lectures were delivered by experts on copyright law, renowned representatives from the publishing industry and the alliance of scientific organisations in Germany, as well as highly respected scientists of the Technische Universität Chemnitz. Their various perspectives on the transformation processes in academic publishing initiated lively discussions with the audience. This annual day of information and action reflects the dedication of the University Library Chemnitz to support scientists and scholars in publishing Open Access.

Im Rahmen des Open-Science-Workshops des Sonderforschungsbereiches Hybrid Societies am 10. Februar 2022, stellte das Open Science Team der Universitätsbibliothek umfangreiche Services zum Open-Access-Publizieren vor. Dazu gehören: 1. Der Aufbau und Betrieb von Infrastrukturen zur Veröffentlichung auf dem Goldenen und Grünen Weg des Open Access 2. Die Bereitstellung finanzieller Mittel zur Unterstützung bei der Publikation von Artikeln und Monographien - in 2022 können erstmals Open-Access-Monographien über den Publikationsfonds gefördert werden. 3. Durchführung von Beratungen, Schulungen und Workshops - der Schwerpunkt liegt in der Beratung der Wissenschaffenden, u.a. zur Qualität von Publikationsangeboten. 4. Netzwerken innerhalb und außerhalb der TU Chemnitz im Bereich Open Science. Alle Dienstleistungen richten sich insbesondere auch an Nachwuchswissenschaftler und Wissenschaftlerinnen. / During the Open Science Workshop of the Collaborative Research Centre Hybrid Societies on 10 February 2022, the Open Science Team of the University Library presented comprehensive services for Open Access publishing. These include: 1. the establishment and operation of infrastructures for publishing on the Golden and Green Paths of Open Access. 2. the provision of financial resources to support the publication of articles and monographs - in 2022, OA monographs can be supported for the first time via the publication fund. 3. carrying out consultations, training and workshops - the focus is on advising knowledge workers, among other things on the quality of publication offerings. 4. networking within and outside the TU Chemnitz in the area of Open Science. All services are also aimed in particular at young researchers and scientists.

Im Grußwort zum hochschulöffentlichen Open Access-Tag 2015 formulierte Herr Professor Heinrich Lang, Prorektor für Forschung und wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs: "Open Access schafft Strukturen und Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Forschungsergebnissen im Internet, die einen freien und langfristigen Zugang zu diesen Ressourcen gewährleisten. Im Zeitalter digitaler Wissensverbreitung ist Open Access damit ein Garant für die Wahrung der Publikations- und Informationsfreiheit, für deren Einklang und die Wissenschaften voranzutreiben." Am Vormittag des 02.11.2015 kamen Bibliothekare aus sieben sächsischen Hochschul- und Spezialbibliotheken zum 2. Workshop der Open Access Community Sachsen zusammen. Sie präsentierten und diskutierten Strategien und Dienstleistungen zur Unterstützung von Open-Access-Publikationen. In Sachsen wird es dazu eine intensive Zusammenarbeit geben. Danach trafen sich die Wissenschaftler/innen und Studierenden der TU Chemnitz im zentralen Hörsaalgebäude. Das Programm wurde vom Open-Access-Team der Universitätsbibliothek koordiniert und von der Bibliotheksdirektorin, Frau Angela Malz moderiert. Als Referenten konnten anerkannte Experten aus dem Urheberrecht, dem Verlagswesen und der Allianz der Wissenschaftsorganisationen sowie Wissenschaftler der TU Chemnitz gewonnen werden. Es ergab sich eine anregende Diskussion zu den Umwälzungen im wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesen aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln. Der jährliche Informations- und Aktionstag ist Ausdruck des Engagements der Universitätsbibliothek, Wissenschaftler/innen bei der Open Access Publikation zu unterstützen. / In his welcome speech of the Open Access Day 2015 at the Technische Universität Chemnitz Professor Dr. Heinrich Lang, Vice-Rector for Research and Promotion of Young Scientists, statet that „Open Access creates structures and procedures for the online provision of research results and thereby ensures the free and long-term access to those resources. In the era of the digital dissemination of knowledge, Open Access protects the freedom of publication as well as the freedom of information, whose unity is the basis of scientific advancement.“ The morning session on 2 November 2015 was dedicated to the second workshop of Saxony‘s Open Access Community in which librarians from seven university and specialised libraries got together to discuss strategies and services for the support of Open Access publications. To this end, there will be a close collaboration of Saxon libraries. For the afternoon session of the Open Access Day scientists and students of the Technische Universität Chemnitz gathered in the central lecture hall. The program was coordinated by the University Library and was moderated by the Head Librarian, Angela Malz. Lectures were delivered by experts on copyright law, renowned representatives from the publishing industry and the alliance of scientific organisations in Germany, as well as highly respected scientists of the Technische Universität Chemnitz. Their various perspectives on the transformation processes in academic publishing initiated lively discussions with the audience. This annual day of information and action reflects the dedication of the University Library Chemnitz to support scientists and scholars in publishing Open Access.