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Establishing Inter Rater Reliability of the National Early Warning ScoreMiller, Donna Marie 20 April 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Der Einfluss prä-, intra- und postoperativer Parameter auf die Aussagekraft von Scores zur Vorhersage von Nierenfunktionsstörungen nach Operationen an der Herz-Lungen-Maschine / Modifying a kidney injury score by including perioperative data Comparison of three predictive scoresKunze, Nils 12 November 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Datenschutzrechtliche Fragen des SCHUFA-Auskunftsverfahrens unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des sogenannten "Scorings"Becker, Ina January 2006 (has links)
Zugl.: Hannover, Univ., Diss., 2006
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Ošetřovatelská péče o polytraumatizovaného pacienta po příjmu do traumacentra / Nursing care of a patient with multiple trauma after receiving to the trauma centerHolanová, Tereza January 2018 (has links)
Multiple trauma is characterized by a simultaneous injury to multiple body systems, at least one from them directly affects by weakening injured patient or faillure of basic life functions - ventilation, bloodstream and consciousness. Accidents are, despite all prevention measures, one of the important cause of death. Multiple traumas are leading cause of death in the age group up to 45 years in the developed countries. The multiple trauma therapy is continues long and complete process which needs individual approach. The therapy starts at the place of accident and then during the transport and continue in the trauma center. The trauma center is able to provide complete therapy including treatment conditions, which require multidisciplinary coordinated cooperation. The diploma thesis deals with the issue of admission of patient with polytraumate into the traumatic center. The aim of the thesis is to approach the readers the multiple trauma, the possible causes of multiple trauma, which are the treatments of algorithms, how is the role and specification of trauma team during incoming of patient. Practical part of the thesis is about cause study of patient with the multiple trauma which complicated fat embolism. This part describes all processes from incoming patient with multiple trauma, including...
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Bayesian logistic regression models for credit scoringWebster, Gregg January 2011 (has links)
The Bayesian approach to logistic regression modelling for credit scoring is useful when there are data quantity issues. Data quantity issues might occur when a bank is opening in a new location or there is change in the scoring procedure. Making use of prior information (available from the coefficients estimated on other data sets, or expert knowledge about the coefficients) a Bayesian approach is proposed to improve the credit scoring models. To achieve this, a data set is split into two sets, “old” data and “new” data. Priors are obtained from a model fitted on the “old” data. This model is assumed to be a scoring model used by a financial institution in the current location. The financial institution is then assumed to expand into a new economic location where there is limited data. The priors from the model on the “old” data are then combined in a Bayesian model with the “new” data to obtain a model which represents all the available information. The predictive performance of this Bayesian model is compared to a model which does not make use of any prior information. It is found that the use of relevant prior information improves the predictive performance when the size of the “new” data is small. As the size of the “new” data increases, the importance of including prior information decreases
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Risk based pricing for unsecured lendingThoka, Boitumelo January 2015 (has links)
Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management in Finance & Investment In the Faculty of Commerce and Law Management Wits Business School at the University of the Witwatersrand, 2015 / Risk based pricing has been a topic of discussion since the 2008 financial crisis as a result of the on-selling of packaged sub-prime assets. This paper will highlight the importance of correctly assessing risk within the framework of consumer credit provision. We will begin with a brief overview of the South African unsecured lending market, look into the definition of risk based pricing and the impact it has had in the market and conclude the paper by using a model by Robert Phillips to calculate the interest rate to be offered to a customer. / AC2016
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Proposta de um modelo de Credit Scoring para uma carteira de cr??dito consignado visando a????es de Cross-Sell.OLIVEIRA, Marcos Santos 28 September 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-09-28 / This work has the objective to analyze the efficiency of the credit scoring model in cross-selling action to provide greater profitability aligned with the risk of new product. This study differs from others by using a database of clients who Payroll-linked loan from the conventional modeling of a Credit Scoring offer another product, the credit card that requires a better profile for meeting payments. The study resulted in 3 of profitability and performance scenarios. In Scenario 1 without use of shoring showed profitability of R$ 0.5 million and delinquencies of 16.1%. In the others scenarios with the use of the yields scores exceeded R$ 2.3 million and delinquencies below 9%. Scenarios 2 and 3 with just score Bureau companies. Scenario 4 includes Credit scoring model developed in this work, we showed the best discrimination between good and bad customers and the highest rate of approval, 75% against 64% of the best Bureau. For this, we used data provided by a financial institution. Using SPSS and statistical techniques, the risk analysis Relative, construction of dummies and Spearman correlation analysis, generated the model Logistic Regression Binary, validated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the ROC curve and others. The model developed credit scoring showed good results as to their power of customer classification. The effectiveness of Logistic Regression as credit performance prediction tool enables the application of the use of credit scoring model by the financial institution provider of data to improve profitability and default of the customer portfolio by credit card coming from the customer base of payroll loan. / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a efici??ncia do modelo de credit scoring na a????o de cross-selling para proporcionar uma maior rentabilidade alinhada ao risco do novo produto. A realiza????o deste estudo se diferencia dos demais por utilizar uma base de dados com clientes que realizaram empr??stimo Consignado, a partir da modelagem convencional de um Credit Scoring ofertar outro produto, o Cart??o de Cr??dito que exige um melhor perfil para cumprimento dos pagamentos. O estudo resultou em 3 cen??rios de rentabilidade e desempenho. No Cen??rio 1 sem uso do escoramento apresentou rentabilidade de R$ 0,5 milh??es e inadimpl??ncia de 16,1%. Nos demais cen??rios com uso de escores as rentabilidades ultrapassaram R$ 2,3 milh??es e inadimpl??ncias abaixo de 9%. Os Cen??rios 2 e 3 apenas com escore de empresas Bureau. O Cen??rio 4 inclui o modelo Cr??dit Scoring desenvolvido neste trabalho, apresentou a melhor discrimina????o entre clientes bons e maus e a maior taxa de aprova????o, sendo 75% contra 64% do melhor Bureau. Para isso, utilizou-se de dados fornecido por uma institui????o financeira. Utilizando o SPSS e t??cnicas estat??sticas, a an??lise de Risco Relativo, constru????o de dummies e a an??lise de correla????o de Spearman, foi gerado o modelo de Regress??o Log??stica Bin??ria, validado com o teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov, a Curva ROC e outros. O modelo de Credit Scoring desenvolvido apresentou resultados satisfat??rios quanto a seu poder de classifica????o dos clientes. A efic??cia da Regress??o Log??stica, como ferramenta de predi????o de performance de cr??dito, habilita a aplica????o da utiliza????o do modelo Credit Scoring pela institui????o financeira provedora dos dados para melhorar a rentabilidade e a inadimpl??ncia da carteira de clientes com Cart??o de Cr??dito oriundo da carteira de clientes do empr??stimo Consignado.
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Validación y estudio prospectivo comparativo de la aplicabilidad de seis índices pronóstico internacionales de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes intervenidos de forma programada en un servicio de cirugía general y digestivaCampillo Soto, Álvaro 24 June 2010 (has links)
Las tasas brutas de morbi-mortalidad no son indicadores fiables del resultado del producto sanitario, siendo necesario el uso de escalas de riesgo adjustadas por paciente y gravedad. En nuestro estudio se validaron 5 escalas de riesgo para predecir morbilidad y mortalidad en nuestros pacientes sometidos a cirugía programada (POSSUM, P-POSSUM, SAPS II, APACHE II, MODS y MPM). Tras la validación se aplicaron prospectivamente, demostrándose la utilidad de POSSUM y P-POSSUM para predecir morbilidad y mortalidad, por lo que se recomienda su uso en los servicios quirúrgicos. / the use of raw tases to mesuring health results not only is innacuracy but also is dangerous, due to the fact that, the results in medicine depend on the ability of phisician, phisiological status, pre and postoperative cares and kind of intervention. The aim of our study is the validation and prospective aplication of 6 adjusted risk scores (POSSUM, P-POSSUM, SAPS II, APACHE II, MOD S and MPM). We can draw the following conclusions: POSSUM and P-POSSUM are POSSUM and P-POSSUM systems have a high reliability in application for measuring risk of mortality and morbidity in patients studied. APACHE II, SAPS II and MODS scores do not have good reliability in their application for predicting mortality in surgical patients. The use of the POSSUM and P-POSSUM systems is highly recommended in the surgery services to monitor and detect errors in clinical practice.
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Gestão do risco de crédito das cooperativas de crédito na região sudoeste do ParanáMonteiro, Marcelino Armindo 18 July 2014 (has links)
PEC-PG. CNPq / As cooperativas de crédito são regidas pelos mesmos princípios cooperativistas, mas agregam funções financeiras como os bancos tradicionais. A solidariedade na área financeira permite que as cooperativas de crédito levem aos seus cooperados os fundos poupados ou repassando os de desenvolvimento governamental das políticas públicas em forma de crédito. É evidente, no entanto, que nem sempre os “apoios” são devolvidos da mesma maneira como foram recebidos, neste mundo de muita perfeição e de alta competitividade. Assim, integra o elemento estranho no meio onde se imagina seu difícil acesso, a falta de confiança no cumprimento do contrato de crédito contraído pelos credores (cooperados). É conhecido como Risco de Crédito ou de um eventual não pagamento das dívidas contraídas pelos cooperados, o principal fator para processo de Gestão de Risco de Crédito nas instituições cooperativas do mundo. Desse modo, se insere o problema da pesquisa, sendo nova a gestão de risco nas cooperativas de crédito e num mercado assombrado pelas crises financeiras, e com isso se questiona: em que medida ou em que ponto o cumprimento das normas da gestão de risco de crédito nessas instituições vem sendo atendido? Com base nessa preocupação, traçaram-se os objetivos, que apontam em avaliar as práticas de gestão de risco em cooperativas de crédito do Sudoeste do Paraná (PR) de acordo com as resoluções do Conselho Monetário Nacional (CMN). Para isso, tem-se como objetivos específicos: listar as práticas de gestão de risco necessárias para a concessão de crédito; identificar de que forma estão sendo abordadas as práticas de gestão de risco de crédito, considerando-se normas de CMN; verificar qual é o impacto da gestão de risco percebido pelos gestores nas cooperativas de crédito; levantar em termos quantitativos quanto essas cooperativas perdem anualmente em inadimplência (default); comparar as práticas das cooperativas pesquisadas entre si e com as resoluções do CMN. O trabalho se justifica pela importância do processo de gestão de risco para as instituições cooperativas, para a academia e pela contribuição no reforço àquilo que o CMN vem recomendado nas suas resoluções. Para se atingir os resultados pretendidos, foi aplicado um estudo de caso múltiplo nas cooperativas CRESOL, SICOOB e SICREDI/PR, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, em parte com dados secundários e primários. Os dados secundários foram levantados por meio da revisão da literatura referente às áreas de cooperativismo em geral e de crédito, a gestão de risco de crédito e normas e as resoluções do CMN sobre o tema, além de informações nos Relatórios Financeiros das três cooperativas. Os dados primários foram levantados por meio de aplicação de questionário nessas instituições, sendo entrevistados os Gerentes de Crédito, o Assessor Sênior da Controladoria e o Assessor e Supervisor de Crédito. Os dados levantados foram comparados entre as informações dos entrevistados da mesma instituição e depois com as outras, sendo que, na análise dos dados, os nomes das mesmas (instituições) deixaram de ser citadas e foi atribuído o nome de CASO (CASO1, CASO2, e 3 ). Foi identificada uma preocupação com a gestão de risco nessas instituições. Também se percebeu que o crédito só é liberado quando passa por análise de, no mínimo, três pessoas. Existem procedimentos de análise de crédito que seguem todas as alçadas necessárias para que a proposta seja deferida e também são avaliados de acordo com a renda do proponente e as cooperativas singulares são classificadas de acordo com seus patrimônios de Referências (PR) e Patrimônios de Referências exigidas (PRE), para receberem crédito das suas centrais e até para liberarem crédito aos seus cooperados Pessoa Jurídica, caso existam. Mesmo assim, foram localizadas as perdas (prejuízos), algumas mais acentuadas do que outras. Percebe-se que ainda existem reduzidos estudos sobre gestão de risco nas cooperativas de crédito, dada à situação em que se encontravam as mesmas, mas atualmente vale reforçar as pesquisas para conhecer como essas instituições lidam com a gestão de risco de crédito e outros riscos. / Credit unions are governed by the same cooperative principles but add financial functions as traditional banks. Solidarity in the financial area allows credit unions to take to their members or transferring funds spared government development of public policy in the form of credit. But it is not always clear that the "support" are returned the same way they were received, in this world of too much perfection and high competitiveness. Integrates the foreign element in the middle where you think its difficult access, lack of confidence in the fulfillment of the credit agreement contracted by creditors (cooperative). Known as credit risk or a possible non-payment of debts contracted by the cooperatives the main factor for Credit Risk Management process in cooperative institutions in the world. Thus falls the research problem, and new risk management in credit unions and a market haunted by financial crises, and if it asks: To what extent or at what point the compliance of the management of credit risk these institutions has been met? Based on this concern were traced objectives, which aim to assess the practices of risk management in credit unions Southwest of Paraná (PR) according to the resolutions of the National Monetary Council (CMN). For this, one has the following specific objectives: List the risk management practices needed to grant credit; Identify how they are being addressed management practices of credit risk considering CMN standard; Ascertain the impact of the management of risk perceived by managers in credit unions; Rise in quantitative terms as these cooperatives lost annually in default; Compare practices of cooperatives surveyed each other and with the resolutions of the CMN. The work is justified by the importance of the risk management process for cooperative institutions, academia and the contribution to the reinforcement to what the CMN has been recommended in its resolutions. And to achieve the desired results a study of multiple case was applied in cooperative CRESOL, SICOOB and SICREDI / PR, with qualitative and quantitative approach in part with secondary and primary data. The secondary data were collected by reviewing the literature pertaining to the areas of cooperative movement in general and credit risk management and credit standards and CMN resolutions on the topic, also collected in the Financial Reports of the three Credit unions. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire in these institutions, being interviewed Managers of Credit, Senior Advisor of the Comptroller, Assessor and Supervisor of Credit. And the data obtained were compared to the information of the respondents from the same institution and then with the other, in the data analysis of the same names (institutions) are no longer quoted and was assigned the name of CASE (case1 case2 and 3). A concern with risk management in these institutions was identified. Also noticed that credit is only been released when passing by analysis of at least three people. There are procedures for credit analysis that follows all the necessary limits for the proposal to be granted and are evaluated according to the income of the applicant and the individual cooperatives are classified according to their Wealth of References (PR in Portuguese) and Heritage References Required (PRE in Portuguese), to receive credit of their plants and up to release credit to their members Corporations if any. Yet losses were located some steeper others do not. Realize that there are still smaller studies on risk management in credit unions, given the situation they were in the same, but is currently worth strengthen research to know how these institutions deal with the management of credit risk and other risks. / 5000
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Gestão do risco de crédito das cooperativas de crédito na região sudoeste do ParanáMonteiro, Marcelino Armindo 18 July 2014 (has links)
PEC-PG. CNPq / As cooperativas de crédito são regidas pelos mesmos princípios cooperativistas, mas agregam funções financeiras como os bancos tradicionais. A solidariedade na área financeira permite que as cooperativas de crédito levem aos seus cooperados os fundos poupados ou repassando os de desenvolvimento governamental das políticas públicas em forma de crédito. É evidente, no entanto, que nem sempre os “apoios” são devolvidos da mesma maneira como foram recebidos, neste mundo de muita perfeição e de alta competitividade. Assim, integra o elemento estranho no meio onde se imagina seu difícil acesso, a falta de confiança no cumprimento do contrato de crédito contraído pelos credores (cooperados). É conhecido como Risco de Crédito ou de um eventual não pagamento das dívidas contraídas pelos cooperados, o principal fator para processo de Gestão de Risco de Crédito nas instituições cooperativas do mundo. Desse modo, se insere o problema da pesquisa, sendo nova a gestão de risco nas cooperativas de crédito e num mercado assombrado pelas crises financeiras, e com isso se questiona: em que medida ou em que ponto o cumprimento das normas da gestão de risco de crédito nessas instituições vem sendo atendido? Com base nessa preocupação, traçaram-se os objetivos, que apontam em avaliar as práticas de gestão de risco em cooperativas de crédito do Sudoeste do Paraná (PR) de acordo com as resoluções do Conselho Monetário Nacional (CMN). Para isso, tem-se como objetivos específicos: listar as práticas de gestão de risco necessárias para a concessão de crédito; identificar de que forma estão sendo abordadas as práticas de gestão de risco de crédito, considerando-se normas de CMN; verificar qual é o impacto da gestão de risco percebido pelos gestores nas cooperativas de crédito; levantar em termos quantitativos quanto essas cooperativas perdem anualmente em inadimplência (default); comparar as práticas das cooperativas pesquisadas entre si e com as resoluções do CMN. O trabalho se justifica pela importância do processo de gestão de risco para as instituições cooperativas, para a academia e pela contribuição no reforço àquilo que o CMN vem recomendado nas suas resoluções. Para se atingir os resultados pretendidos, foi aplicado um estudo de caso múltiplo nas cooperativas CRESOL, SICOOB e SICREDI/PR, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, em parte com dados secundários e primários. Os dados secundários foram levantados por meio da revisão da literatura referente às áreas de cooperativismo em geral e de crédito, a gestão de risco de crédito e normas e as resoluções do CMN sobre o tema, além de informações nos Relatórios Financeiros das três cooperativas. Os dados primários foram levantados por meio de aplicação de questionário nessas instituições, sendo entrevistados os Gerentes de Crédito, o Assessor Sênior da Controladoria e o Assessor e Supervisor de Crédito. Os dados levantados foram comparados entre as informações dos entrevistados da mesma instituição e depois com as outras, sendo que, na análise dos dados, os nomes das mesmas (instituições) deixaram de ser citadas e foi atribuído o nome de CASO (CASO1, CASO2, e 3 ). Foi identificada uma preocupação com a gestão de risco nessas instituições. Também se percebeu que o crédito só é liberado quando passa por análise de, no mínimo, três pessoas. Existem procedimentos de análise de crédito que seguem todas as alçadas necessárias para que a proposta seja deferida e também são avaliados de acordo com a renda do proponente e as cooperativas singulares são classificadas de acordo com seus patrimônios de Referências (PR) e Patrimônios de Referências exigidas (PRE), para receberem crédito das suas centrais e até para liberarem crédito aos seus cooperados Pessoa Jurídica, caso existam. Mesmo assim, foram localizadas as perdas (prejuízos), algumas mais acentuadas do que outras. Percebe-se que ainda existem reduzidos estudos sobre gestão de risco nas cooperativas de crédito, dada à situação em que se encontravam as mesmas, mas atualmente vale reforçar as pesquisas para conhecer como essas instituições lidam com a gestão de risco de crédito e outros riscos. / Credit unions are governed by the same cooperative principles but add financial functions as traditional banks. Solidarity in the financial area allows credit unions to take to their members or transferring funds spared government development of public policy in the form of credit. But it is not always clear that the "support" are returned the same way they were received, in this world of too much perfection and high competitiveness. Integrates the foreign element in the middle where you think its difficult access, lack of confidence in the fulfillment of the credit agreement contracted by creditors (cooperative). Known as credit risk or a possible non-payment of debts contracted by the cooperatives the main factor for Credit Risk Management process in cooperative institutions in the world. Thus falls the research problem, and new risk management in credit unions and a market haunted by financial crises, and if it asks: To what extent or at what point the compliance of the management of credit risk these institutions has been met? Based on this concern were traced objectives, which aim to assess the practices of risk management in credit unions Southwest of Paraná (PR) according to the resolutions of the National Monetary Council (CMN). For this, one has the following specific objectives: List the risk management practices needed to grant credit; Identify how they are being addressed management practices of credit risk considering CMN standard; Ascertain the impact of the management of risk perceived by managers in credit unions; Rise in quantitative terms as these cooperatives lost annually in default; Compare practices of cooperatives surveyed each other and with the resolutions of the CMN. The work is justified by the importance of the risk management process for cooperative institutions, academia and the contribution to the reinforcement to what the CMN has been recommended in its resolutions. And to achieve the desired results a study of multiple case was applied in cooperative CRESOL, SICOOB and SICREDI / PR, with qualitative and quantitative approach in part with secondary and primary data. The secondary data were collected by reviewing the literature pertaining to the areas of cooperative movement in general and credit risk management and credit standards and CMN resolutions on the topic, also collected in the Financial Reports of the three Credit unions. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire in these institutions, being interviewed Managers of Credit, Senior Advisor of the Comptroller, Assessor and Supervisor of Credit. And the data obtained were compared to the information of the respondents from the same institution and then with the other, in the data analysis of the same names (institutions) are no longer quoted and was assigned the name of CASE (case1 case2 and 3). A concern with risk management in these institutions was identified. Also noticed that credit is only been released when passing by analysis of at least three people. There are procedures for credit analysis that follows all the necessary limits for the proposal to be granted and are evaluated according to the income of the applicant and the individual cooperatives are classified according to their Wealth of References (PR in Portuguese) and Heritage References Required (PRE in Portuguese), to receive credit of their plants and up to release credit to their members Corporations if any. Yet losses were located some steeper others do not. Realize that there are still smaller studies on risk management in credit unions, given the situation they were in the same, but is currently worth strengthen research to know how these institutions deal with the management of credit risk and other risks. / 5000
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