The importance of human capital is rising tremendously since the last few decades. Human capital is now rewarded as the most important factor in an organization on the way to success. Nowadays in the Netherlands talents need to be able to show employers that they possess certain qualities and employers need to be able to show that they offer something worthwhile for talents. The match is: You can employ men and hire hands to work for you, but you must win their hearts to have them work with you. —Tiorio This research project is primarily about the initial screening within the matching process, where both parties (employer & talent) need to express themselves to each other without having live contact. The strategic question throughout this research is: How can we explain problems between employer and talent during the initial screening phase in the matching process, in terms of measuring, explicating and expressing qualities? Within this question perspectives of both parties are included: to understand the position, requirements and expectations of qualities. The objective of this research is to explore, get insight in and elaborate on the process taking place in the initial meeting. This is researched through qualitative research in the form of a mix of interviews, experiments and text analyses. The result of this research conducts of several tips based on the analyses of this research. The tips are for talents as well as employers. Even though the results of this research were very diverse from the talent‘s perspective, some patterns could be seen. From the employers’ perspective the answers were less diverse and more clear patterns emerged. Altogether many interesting aspects are highlighted in this research.

No description available.

Screening for breast and cervical cancers can reduce morbidity and mortality through early detection, yet many women are not getting regular lifesaving screenings as recommended. 2 The National Breast and Cervical Detection Program (NBCCEDP) was established in 1990 in order to provide low-income, uninsured, and underserved women access to breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services. Georgia’s participation in the NBCCEDP led to the development of The Breast and Cervical Cancer Program (BCCP), which provides cancer screening to women 40 to 64 years of age who are uninsured and/or underinsured and at or below 200% poverty level. Deaths from breast and cervical cancers could be avoided if screening rates increased among women at risk. In order to better eliminate barriers to screening, Georgia’s Breast and Cervical Cancer Program uses client navigators to communicate with minority populations. The purpose of my thesis study was to assess the effectiveness of the Client Navigator Program utilized to enhance breast and cervical cancer screening rates for women throughout Georgia. Evaluation findings demonstrated that personal characteristics of Client Navigators, internal characteristics of the program itself, resources provided by the program, and program partnerships were the areas of greatest program strength. Funding was repeatedly listed as the greatest program threat. Findings from this study provide insights for how the overall program can be improved in the future, and thus, improving health outcomes for women who are at greatest risk of breast and cervical cancer throughout the state.

God läsförmåga är en förutsättning för att elever ska kunna tillgodogöra sig kunskaper i skolan. Därför är det viktigt att tidigt uppmärksamma de elever som är i riskzonen att utveckla läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Genom förebyggande arbete under de tidiga skolåren borde antalet elever i läs- och skrivsvårigheter minska. Studiens syfte var att undersöka om tidig kartläggning kan hjälpa oss att finna elever i riskzonen för att utveckla läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Två skolors dokumenterade testresultat har utgjort grunden för studien. Testerna är utförda med samma elevgrupp från förskoleklass till och med årskurs 3. Resultaten av dessa testningar har av oss sammanställts för att studera elevernas läsförmåga över tid.   Studien visade att kartläggningen i språklig medvetenhet i förskoleklass kan vara till nytta för att förutsäga elevers kommande läsförmåga. Flera av eleverna som uppmärksammades i förskoleklass hade fortfarande svårigheter i årskurs 3. Dessa elever presterade även lågt på övriga tester utförda i årskurs 2 och 3. För att utvecklas till en skicklig läsare och skribent är det viktigt att eleven har tillgodogjort sig undervisningen i språklig medvetenhet. Flertalet studier visar att fonologisk medvetenhet är en förutsättning för att eleven ska kunna knäcka den alfabetiska koden. Elever som är språkligt medvetna när de lämnar förskoleklass bedöms få det lättare med den tidiga läsinlärningen än de elever som ännu inte utvecklat sin språkliga förmåga. Skolan bör därför så tidigt som möjligt kartlägga och utreda orsakerna till att en elev inte utvecklas i sin läsning. När elevens specifika svårigheter identifierats krävs en direkt koppling till specialpedagogiska insatser. För att lyckas med detta arbete behövs kontinuerlig dokumentation och utvärdering av de åtgärder som vidtagits. Studien visade att elevers svårigheter även kan bli synliga längre fram i deras läsprocess. Detta betyder att skolan bör regelbundet kartlägga var eleven befinner sig i sin läsutveckling och utifrån dessa resultat kan elever i svårigheter identifieras och erbjudas stöd.

Mi’kmaq women in Nova Scotia are reported to have lower rates of Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening and have higher rates of cervical cancer compared to non-Aboriginal women. Much of the cervical cancer literature reflects mainstream values and tends to essentialize Aboriginal women as one at-risk homogenous group lacking knowledge about cervical cancer prevention. The primary purpose of this qualitative participatory study was to explore Mi’kmaq women’s and primary healthcare providers’ experiences with Pap smear screening and to consider the broader historical, economic, and socio-political contexts that shape those healthcare experiences. Mi’kmaq women’s experiences accessing Pap screening services, their encounters with healthcare providers and the health care system, and women’s past experiences with Pap smear screening were also explored. This inquiry was grounded in postcolonial feminist perspectives and Indigenous principles in a two-eyed seeing approach. Community facilitators were identified to assist with recruitment and the research process. Women participated in talking circles to learn about and shape the study. Sixteen Mi’kmaq women and five healthcare providers participated in two semi-structured interviews. Five themes were identified from the women: a) Finding Our Way, b) Our Understanding and Perceptions about Pap Smear Screening, c) The Impact of History on Our Health and Healthcare Experiences, d) Healthcare Providers’ Encounters: “Making a Difference in Our Path to Paps,” and e) “The Healthcare System is Complicating Our Going for Paps.” Two themes were identified from healthcare providers: a) Understanding the Realities of Aboriginal Women’s Lives and b) Fostering Aboriginal Women’s Access to Pap Smear Screening. This research contributes to an understanding of the continued impact of wider historical, political, and socioeconomic conditions that have resulted from colonialism, residential schools, and assimilation on Pap smear screening. It reinforces the importance of not essentializing women’s views or experiences and recognizing that some are accessing Pap smear screening regularly in spite of challenging circumstances. Mi’kmaq women have been underrepresented in the previous Pap smear screening literature. It is critical that healthcare providers understand how they can improve access to Pap smear screening and the screening process itself.

Le diagnostic et le dépistage prénatals ont été créés pour tenter de diminuer, et parfois même enrayer, les inquiétudes qui habitent les parents, et tout particulièrement la femme, dans la période d'attente qu'est la grossesse. Par contre, la science évolue rapidement. Les nouvelles technologies dans le domaine prénatal s'accumulent sans que nous ayons le temps d'en fixer les limites. Il nous apparaît donc primordial de nous pencher sur la problématique de l'encadrement normatif du diagnostic et du dépistage prénatals, afin de comprendre les dilemmes auxquels sont confrontés les différents acteurs. Notre recherche se concentre sur le dépistage par analyse de sérum maternel, une technique de dépistage prénatal. Or, cette technique présente un faible degré de fiabilité. De nombreuses questions éthiques découlent donc de cette pratique. Dans le cadre de notre travail de recherche, nous analysons les enjeux éthiques qui entourent l'utilisation de ce dépistage, puisque les normes éthiques peuvent exercer une certaine influence sur la pratique médicale. De plus, suite à nos recherches, nous avons pu constater que la pratique du dépistage par analyse de sérum maternel est très différente d'un pays à l'autre, et même, d'une région à l'autre dans un même pays. Cette disparité ne s'observe pas uniquement dans la pratique, mais également au niveau des normes juridiques et professionnelles encadrant cette pratique. De plus, en ce qui a trait à l'application des instruments normatifs, selon le pays dans lequel on se trouve, les cours de justice ne traitent pas de la même façon les actions fondées sur une naissance préjudiciable ainsi que celles fondées sur une vie préjudiciable, qui sont directement reliées au diagnostic et au dépistage prénatals. Il est donc intéressant d'effectuer une comparaison entre la pratique et l'encadrement normatif (juridique, professionnel, jurisprudentiel et éthique) du dépistage par analyse de sérum maternel. Notre travail de recherche a donc pour but de proposer quelques recommandations au sujet de l'attitude à adopter au Québec en regard du dépistage par analyse de sérum maternel, et même du diagnostic prénatal dans son ensemble. / Prenatal diagnosis and screening methods were created in an attempt to decrease, and even to eliminate, the worries of parents, especially those of the mother, during the waiting period of pregnancy. However, science evolves rapidly. New technologies in the prenatal field accumulate without giving us the time to set their boundaries. It therefore seems primordial to consider the issues surrounding the legal framework of prenatal diagnosis and screening methods in order to understand the dilemmas which face the different actors in this field. Our research foc uses on maternaI serum screening, one of the prenatal screening techniques. Indeed, this screening method is not very reliable. Actually, many ethical questions stem from this practice. In our research project, we analyze the ethical issues that emerge from the use of this screening method, since ethical nonns may exert a certain influence on medical practice. Furthennore, according to our findings, we have been able to recognize that maternaI serum screening varies from one country to another, and even from one region to another within the same country. This disparity is not only observed in practice, but it is also seen at the level of legal and professional nonns providing the current framework for this method. In addition, with regards to the application of existing nonnative 1Ools, according to the country considered, the courts of justice do not treat in the same fashion wrongful birth c1aims and wrongfullife c1aims, both unfortunate events directly related to prenatal diagnosis and screening. Therefore, it is interesting to compare maternaI serum screening on the level of what occurs in actual practice versus what is provided by the legal, professional, jurisprudential and ethical nonns in the field. The goal of our research is to propose a few recommendations on the attitude that should be adopted in Quebec concerning maternaI serum screening, and even prenatal diagnosis in general. / "Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit (LL.M.) option Droit, biotechnologies et société"

An estimated 5-10% of breast cancers are hereditary in nature and are due to the presence of a mutation in a breast cancer predisposition gene; approximately half of these cases possess a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Many BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations result in a truncated protein and hence are unequivocally disease-causing. However another class of mutations, the Variants of Unknown Significance (VUS), are more problematic as the effect of these mutations on protein function is unclear. The inability to classify these mutations as disease causing generates significant problems in risk evaluation, counseling and preventive care. Accordingly we sought to determine whether carriers of either a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation could be identified from non-carriers based on the gene expression patterns of non-cancerous cells. EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines established from BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers and normal individuals were obtained through the NIH Breast Cancer Family Registries. Cell lines were mock-irradiated or treated with ionizing radiation (2 Gy). Following a recovery period of 6 hours total RNA was extracted and whole genome gene expression profiling was carried out. Molecular classifiers comparing the baseline expression profiles and the radiation-dependent expression profiles of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers to control individuals were created using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) coupled with a recursive feature removal (RFR) algorithm. Our results suggest that cell populations derived from BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers display unique expression phenotypes from those of control individuals in both the basal and radiation-induced cases. In the task of classification using baseline expression, the BRCA1-classifier correctly classified 15/18 test samples using feature selection based on the training set only, while feature selection using the entire dataset (AD) improved classification to 16/18 samples. The BRCA2-baseline classifier correctly classified 13/17 and 14/17 (AD) samples, respectively. In the task of radiation-dependent classification, the BRCA1-IR classifier correctly classified 12/18 and 16/18 (AD) test samples respectively while the BRCA2-IR classifier correctly classified 13/17 and 16/17 (AD) test samples respectively. These results suggest the possibility of development of this assay into a novel hereditary breast cancer screening diagnostic able to accurately identify the presence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations via a functional assay thereby improving patient outcomes. / Thesis (Master, Pathology & Molecular Medicine) -- Queen's University, 2008-03-27 15:38:19.269 / Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation-Ontario Chapter, Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine Clinical Trust Fund

No description available.

The aim of this study was to develop a Digit Triplet Test (DTT) using NZ English. The DTT is a hearing screening tool that uses spoken numbers presented in background noise to estimate speech recognition thresholds (SRTn). The NZ DTT will be made available via telephone or the internet, and will provide each person who completes the screening test with information about whether they should seek a professional hearing assessment. Normal-hearing participants (22 listeners) with hearing thresholds ≤20 dB HL were tested to establish the intelligibility of the individual digits at various signal-to-noise ratios (-20; -17.5; -15.0; -12.5; -10.0; -7.5; and -5.0 dB). The mid-points of the resulting psychometric functions were then used to adjust the level of each digit to achieve the same intelligibility. A SRT of -10.40 ± 1.75 dB SNR for the broadband presentation was established for the separate ear triplet test with the average slope of 17.3%/dB ± 3.9 %/dB for the ten test lists generated. The binaural ear DTT results were compared to best ear threshold PTA and found to have a highly significant correlation (r = 0.816, p<0.001) and a significant correlation to the QuickSIN sentence-in-noise test (r = 0.668, p<0.001). The binaural triplet test was found to have a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85%. The separate ear DTT results were compared to the best ear threshold pure tone audiometry and found to have a highly significant correlation (r = 0.809, p<0.001). The separate ear triplet test was found to have a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 81% (1 – specificity = 0.187). The internet version of the DTT hearing screening test will provide New Zealanders with an easily accessible and objective test that will raise awareness about hearing and hopefully reduce the length of time people take before seeking advice about their hearing.

Recently a whole cell based biosensor has been developed in our laboratory that consists of a monolayer of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on the asymmetric cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane of an ion selective electrode (ISE). When a confluent cell monolayer is formed across the membrane, response from the sensor is inhibited due to inhibited ion transport across the membrane. When the cell based biosensor is exposed to permeability modifying agents, the permeability across the cell monolayer is altered facilitating more ion transport and as a result the response from the sensor increases. This sensor response can be related to the concentration of these agents. One objective of this research was to investigate the ability of the sensor to detect a physiological toxin, alpha toxin from Staphylococcus aureus. Studies demonstrated that the biosensor can detect 0.1ng/ml alpha toxin. Considering the fact that the concentration of this toxin is 100-250 ng/ml in whole blood in humans, this biosensor has the ability to act as the diagnostic tool for staphylococcal diseases. Another part of this research was to investigate the ability of the biosensor to measure angiogenesis by measuring the changes in permeability induced by cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and tumor necrosis factor andamp;aacute; (TNF- andamp;aacute;) individually and in combination. The sensor response was then compared with the common in vitro assays for angiogenesis. The study demonstrated that at the concentrations studied the sensor response in the presence of cytokines was much higher than that observed for other angiogenesis assays, thereby bolstering the potential of the biosensor to act as a quick screening tool for angiogenesis. Furthermore, epithelial cell based sensor responses to the same cytokines were compared with the responses from endothelial cell based sensor and the mechanisms behind the increased sensor response were elucidated. Finally, to investigate the ability of the sensor to screen cancer, the biosensor was exposed to the serum from healthy individuals and cancer patients. The results showed that the sensor can distinguish between healthy individuals and cancer patients and the results correlate with the stages of cancer.