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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

3-(4-Fluorofenilselenil)-2,5 difenilselenofeno produz ação do tipo-antidepressiva em diferentes modelos de depressão em camundongos / 2,5-Diphenyl-3-(4-fluorophenylseleno) selenophene produces antidepressant-like action in different models of depression in mice

Gai, Bibiana Mozzaquatro 11 March 2014 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Selenophenes are a promising class of heterocyclic selenium-containing compounds presenting important pharmacological properties. Based on selenium well-described role on mood regulation and since depression is a serious and prevalent disease affecting a wide part of the world s population, the main aim of this work was to investigate de antidepressant-like action of 3-(organosseleno)-2,5-diphenyl-selenophenes in mice. The pharmacological effect of these compounds was analyzed by using different experimental models of depression and results were shown by three scientific articles. Firstly, results of Article 1 demonstrated the antidepressant-like action of five selenophene compounds. H-DPS, CH3-DPS, Cl-DPS, FDPS and CF3-DPS reduced the total immobility time of mice evaluated in the forced swimming test (FST), which seems to be related to their chemical structure. The antidepressant-like action of F-DPS was observed at lower doses than other selenophenes e involves the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK), whose signaling pathway is commonly modulated by antidepressant drugs. Articles 2 and 3 investigated the pharmacological effect of F-DPS in mouse models of depression induced by both neuropathic pain and chronic corticosterone administration, respectively. Both the acute and subchronic treatments with F-DPS significantly reversed the depression-related behavior produced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL), whereas pain sensibility was only reduced after repeated treatment with this selenophene. Besides, repeated administration of the glucocorticoid hormone corticosterone induced behavior, endocrinal and neurochemical changes similar to those clinically observed in depression, which were also reversed by treatment of animals with F-DPS. Based on these data, the mechanisms of pharmacological action of this organoselenium compound seem to involve, at least in part, a modulation of glutamatergic and serotonergic systems, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulation and changes on neuronal pathways related to the synaptic plasticity. Together, the results shown in this thesis suggest the pharmacological properties of selenophene compounds, particularly F-DPS, as an interesting tool in the study and development of future therapies for depressive disorders. / Os selenofenos são uma classe de compostos heterocíclicos aromáticos com promissoras propriedades farmacológicas. Tendo em vista o importante papel do selênio na regulação do humor e a grande prevalência populacional das doenças depressivas, o principal objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ação do tipo antidepressiva de 3-(organosseleno)-2,5-difenilselenofenos em camundongos. A fim de atender a este objetivo, o efeito farmacológico destes compostos foi analisado pelo uso de diferentes modelos experimentais de depressão e os resultados foram apresentados em três artigos científicos. Primeiramente, os resultados do Artigo 1 demonstraram a ação do tipo antidepressiva de cinco representantes da classe dos selenofenos. Os compostos H-DPS, CH3-DPS, Cl-DPS, F-DPS e CF3-DPS reduziram significantemente o tempo total de imobilidade de camundongos avaliados no teste do nado forçado (TNF), efeito este que parece estar relacionado às suas estruturas químicas. A ação do tipo antidepressiva do F-DPS foi observada em menores doses em comparação aos outros selenofenos e envolve a fosforilação da proteína quinase regulada por sinal extracelular (ERK), cuja via de sinalização é comumente modulada por drogas antidepressivas. Os Artigos 2 e 3 investigaram o efeito farmacológico do F-DPS em modelos crônicos de depressão induzida pela dor neuropática e pela administração crônica de corticosterona em camundongos, respectivamente. Tanto o tratamento agudo como o subcrônico com F-DPS reverteram significantemente o comportamento do tipo depressivo produzido pela ligação parcial do nervo ciático (LPNC), enquanto que a sensibilidade à dor foi reduzida somente após a terapia prolongada com este composto. Por sua vez, a administração repetida do hormônio glicocorticoide corticosterona induziu alterações comportamentais, endócrinas e neuroquímicas similares às observadas clinicamente na depressão e que também foram revertidas pelo tratamento dos animais com F-DPS. Com base nestes resultados, acredita-se que os mecanismos de ação farmacológica deste composto orgânico de selênio envolvam, pelo menos em parte, a modulação dos sistemas glutamatérgico e serotonérgico, a regulação da atividade do eixo hipotálamo-pituitária-adrenal (HPA) e modificações em vias neuronais relacionadas à plasticidade sináptica. Juntos os resultados apresentados nesta tese de doutorado sugerem que o estudo das propriedades farmacológicas de compostos selenofenos, particularmente do F-DPS, parece ser interessante no desenvolvimento de futuras terapias para o tratamento dos distúrbios neurológicos relacionados às doenças depressivas.
2

Réactivité des chlorures de benzènesulfonyle pour l'accès à des hétéroarènes et alcènes arylés via des réactions pallado-catalysées / Reactivity of benzenesulfonyl chlorides for access to heteroarenes and arylated alkenes via palladium-catalyzed reactions

Skhiri, Aymen 04 July 2017 (has links)
Au cours de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à la synthèse d’hétérocycles arylés via l’activation de liaisons sp2 C-H d’hétéroaromatiques et à la synthèse d’alcènes arylés halo-substitués catalysée par le palladium. Les produits obtenus sont considérés comme des briques moléculaires, intéressantes pour les biochimistes, ainsi que pour la préparation de matériaux. Le système catalytique Pd(MeCN)2Cl2/Li2CO3/dioxane permet l’accès direct à une grande variété de molécules arylées à partir d’hétéroarènes ou d’alcènes et de chlorures de benzènesulfonyle. Nous avons mis au point une méthode permettant l’arylation directe en position β de sélénophènes à partir de sélénophènes et de chlorures de benzènesulfonyle. Nous avons également montré que l’utilisation de chlorures de benzènesulfonyle (poly)halogénés permet de synthétiser par des réactions pallado-catalysées des hétéroarènes arylés, des stilbènes ou des cinnamates (poly)halo-substitués. / In this thesis we have been interested in the synthesis of arylated heterocycles via the activation of sp2 C-H bonds of heteroaromatics and to the synthesis of halo-substituted arylated alkenes using palladium-catalysis. The products obtained are considered to be molecular bricks which are of interest to biochemists as well as to the preparation of materials. The catalyst system Pd(MeCN)2Cl2/Li2CO3/dioxane allows the direct access to a wide variety of arylated molecules from heteroarenes or alkenes and benzenesulfonyl chlorides. We have developed a method for the direct β-arylation of selenophenes from selenophenes and benzenesulfonyl chlorides. We have also shown that the use of (poly)halogenated benzenesulfonyl chlorides makes it possible to synthesize, by Pd-catalyzed reactions, (poly)halo-substituted arylated heteroarenes, stilbenes or cinnamates.

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