This thesis explores the search for the sublime in a contemporary context. The 'Wilderness' can be viewed as a metaphysical space which can only be circumscribed. The dust storms of the Australian continent provides the space where in this experience is located, metaphorically. If the perceptions of reality are to be seen as filtered through the experiences and conditions of the human spirit, the sites or 'Stations' as the author has called them layer and reveal a personal reflection on the timelessness and commonality of the human condition. Space and time seem to collapse folding over and into itself, with a layering of memories and senses. Growing up in the Mallee in Victoria the author's formative years were shaped particularly by the land and the elements. In these works, the sense of identity is enveloped into a rather cosmic sense of being, when the author became inseparable from the red earth, its duststorms, the sense of space and the feeling of isolation. The most constant experience is that of the sense of interconnectedness and of being able to reach down and stroke the land from a distant vantage point. Consequently, the spiritual found in nature has been a re-occurring motif in the author's artistic practice. The location of the duststorm entitled 'God's Breath', is in flying over Adelaide, towards the Mallee. The grid indicates the impositions of perception which is projected on the land by the viewer, often from a cultural or political viewpoint. In this case the author's perception is influenced by the auto-biographical gaze and the duststorm itself becomes a metaphor for memory and interiority. The medium of wax as a preserving substance is used in the artworks, however this can be seen as being an agent of change, able to re-define it's form according to environmental conditions. The land as 'Self' or 'Mother' is not a constant location, but as in the 'Wilderness' can be seen as a spiritual and/or psychological space, a multi-dimensional filter for the senses and the mind, wherein the spirit can be expanded and be still in it's receptiveness. The four wax rectangles are representative of a duststorm, as seen from the interior perspective of the sensory. These works suggest a multitudinal level of experiences, not necessarily definable but open ended in concept. The void as a creative fullness nurtures the more transient moments of the sensory and temporal. From scarification and pain, through breath and loss, the journey through the wilderness results in a melodic tonal experience, indicative of memory, place and identity / Master of Arts (Hons) (Visual Arts)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho visa realizar os primeiros passos de um projeto mais longo, cujo objetivo é determinar o sentido daquilo que entendemos como pergunta pelo sentido do ser; junto a isso, se tem aqui igualmente o propósito de pensar a metodologia que acaso venha a ser adequada, isto é, o tratamento específico que possa alguma vez dar a tal questionamento um desenvolvimento legítimo. O caminho por nós adotado partirá de Kant por motivos estratégicos, principalmente pela razão de encontrarmos aí uma tese declarada sobre ser, que lhe concede um sentido unitário: ao comentá-la, reconstruindo-a por meio da apresentação de alguns de seus momentos, estaremos nos utilizando da mesma para apontar aquilo que acreditamos constituir uma corrupção de sentido nas suas próprias bases, permitindo compreender as dificuldades lançadas pela questão que, assim nos parece, são as mesmas que terminam por gerar as confusões que perfazem a própria história da metafísica. Isto significa que nossa discussão do caso kantiano - embora vise diretamente a filosofia crítica e todo projeto de uma teoria das faculdades - deverá cunhar resultados mais amplos, já mesmo porque, a partir dela, viremos mesmo a afirmar a total inadequação de uma abordagem do sentido do ser sob o ponto de vista do comportamento teórico. Por oposição a ele, procuraremos demonstrar que ser só pode ser abordado no interior de um campo de sentido que se apresente como o que chamaremos de atividade descritiva ou, poderíamos igualmente dizer, uma atividade de mostração. Este último ponto, conclusivo somente quanto à parte do caminho que nosso projeto mais geral nos exige percorrer, será explicitado com a ajuda de alguns dos conceitos apresentados por Husserl em suas Investigações Lógicas. / This work attempts to realize the first steps of a broader project, whose goal is to determine what we may call the question about the sense of Being; along with that, we confront ourselves also with the problem of an adequate methodology for that questioning, i.e., the specific treatment that could possibly render its development legitimate. The argument we propose here will start, for strategic reasons, from a discussion of the philosophy of Kants, mainly because we can find there a thesis on being which gives to it a unitary sense as position: commenting and reconstructing that thesis in some of its elementary moments, will render it possible for us to point to what seems to be - according to our terminology - a sense corruption, present in its own fundaments. That, in turn, will allow us to comprehend the difficulties faced by the so called question about the sense of Being which, we think, are the same difficulties that end up generating the confusions that constitute the history of metaphysics itself. That means that our discussion of Kants philosophy - though directly concerned with its specific views and with the project of a theory of faculties in general - allows us to arrive at further conclusions, with larger results, since we believe we will be then in the position to claim that all theoretical approach concerning the sense of Being must be inadequate. In opposition to this, we will try to demonstrate that Being can only be approached under a treatment whose proper sense is that of a showing, descriptive activity. This point - which concludes our discussion here and presents only a part of our broader project - will be best explained with the help of some of the concepts we can find in Husserls Logical Investigations.

The aim of this quantitative study was to from a gender perspective understand and measure the mental health among young people as a sense of managing to handle situations and also how satisfied young people are with their personal qualities. The study also aims to see if there is a connection between these two ways of explaining mental health. This study takes its standpoint from a gender theory and gender stereotypes. The study was conducted as a survey with 100 young girls and boys, all of whom was students of a Swedish upper secondary school. The result of the study show that young people in general has a good sense of being able to handle situations. There was as expected a difference between young girls and boys to be found, girls had in general a lower sense of managing to handle situations. Regarding the sense of being satisfied with the personal qualities, the girls and boys in this study show a general picture of being quite satisfied with their personal qualities. It has also shown that many of the results of this study is depending of gender and the beliefs and structures there is in society about how to be a “good” man or woman.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho visa realizar os primeiros passos de um projeto mais longo, cujo objetivo é determinar o sentido daquilo que entendemos como pergunta pelo sentido do ser; junto a isso, se tem aqui igualmente o propósito de pensar a metodologia que acaso venha a ser adequada, isto é, o tratamento específico que possa alguma vez dar a tal questionamento um desenvolvimento legítimo. O caminho por nós adotado partirá de Kant por motivos estratégicos, principalmente pela razão de encontrarmos aí uma tese declarada sobre ser, que lhe concede um sentido unitário: ao comentá-la, reconstruindo-a por meio da apresentação de alguns de seus momentos, estaremos nos utilizando da mesma para apontar aquilo que acreditamos constituir uma corrupção de sentido nas suas próprias bases, permitindo compreender as dificuldades lançadas pela questão que, assim nos parece, são as mesmas que terminam por gerar as confusões que perfazem a própria história da metafísica. Isto significa que nossa discussão do caso kantiano - embora vise diretamente a filosofia crítica e todo projeto de uma teoria das faculdades - deverá cunhar resultados mais amplos, já mesmo porque, a partir dela, viremos mesmo a afirmar a total inadequação de uma abordagem do sentido do ser sob o ponto de vista do comportamento teórico. Por oposição a ele, procuraremos demonstrar que ser só pode ser abordado no interior de um campo de sentido que se apresente como o que chamaremos de atividade descritiva ou, poderíamos igualmente dizer, uma atividade de mostração. Este último ponto, conclusivo somente quanto à parte do caminho que nosso projeto mais geral nos exige percorrer, será explicitado com a ajuda de alguns dos conceitos apresentados por Husserl em suas Investigações Lógicas. / This work attempts to realize the first steps of a broader project, whose goal is to determine what we may call the question about the sense of Being; along with that, we confront ourselves also with the problem of an adequate methodology for that questioning, i.e., the specific treatment that could possibly render its development legitimate. The argument we propose here will start, for strategic reasons, from a discussion of the philosophy of Kants, mainly because we can find there a thesis on being which gives to it a unitary sense as position: commenting and reconstructing that thesis in some of its elementary moments, will render it possible for us to point to what seems to be - according to our terminology - a sense corruption, present in its own fundaments. That, in turn, will allow us to comprehend the difficulties faced by the so called question about the sense of Being which, we think, are the same difficulties that end up generating the confusions that constitute the history of metaphysics itself. That means that our discussion of Kants philosophy - though directly concerned with its specific views and with the project of a theory of faculties in general - allows us to arrive at further conclusions, with larger results, since we believe we will be then in the position to claim that all theoretical approach concerning the sense of Being must be inadequate. In opposition to this, we will try to demonstrate that Being can only be approached under a treatment whose proper sense is that of a showing, descriptive activity. This point - which concludes our discussion here and presents only a part of our broader project - will be best explained with the help of some of the concepts we can find in Husserls Logical Investigations.

本論文說明儂希對現代主體形上學的解構，並將之區分為「現代主體的發展與闡述」、「解構的起始-根源條件」、「主體以及共同體的解構」三個主題。在「現代主體的發展與闡述」中，本論文澄清儂希對現代主體的理解：儂希闡述了主體的自我完成，並進一步說明主體觀念在政治上的貫徹執行。儂希根據共同體的自我實現來解釋集權主義，以及它在20世紀造成的歷史與社會災難。在「解構的起始-根源條件」中，本論文澄清儂希對解構思想的探討。儂希探索了存有的離棄狀態，詳述了存有的有限性與延異。儂希以存有的意義來取代存有的真理，並以存有意義來作為解構的根源。實存與世界奠立在存有意義之中，後者將實存向外暴露以及敞開了世界的開放性。在「主體以及共同體的解構」中，本論文澄清儂希的解構策略與運作。儂希將書寫與自我完成對立起來，藉由書寫來干擾主體的自我完成。書寫產生了無作品性，並以無作品性敞開了主體。書寫重複了意義，它讓意義重新開始，並發生成為意義事件。儂希強調共在的重要性，共在分享了存有的虛無，它不是作品，它抵抗著共同體的自我實現。共在聚集著無本質的所有實存，它暴露出每個實存的它者性，並構成了它者的共同體。 / This dissertation discusses Nancy’s deconstruction of modern metaphysics of subject and divides into three themes which are “development and elaboration of modern subject”, “archi-originary condition of deconstruction” and “deconstruction of subject and community”. In “development and elaboration of modern subject”, dissertation clarifies Nancy’s understanding of modern subject: Nancy explicates the self-completion of subject and the political effectuation of the idea of subject. Based on the self-fulfillment of community, Nancy explains totalitarianism that caused historical and social disaster in the 20th century. In “archi-originary condition of deconstruction”, dissertation clarifies Nancy’s discussion of deconstructive thought. Nancy explores the abandonment of Being and illustrates the finitude and différance of Being. Nancy replaces the truth of Being with the sense of Being and designates the sense of Being as the origin of deconstruction. Existence and world grounded in the sense of Being which exposes existence outside and spaces the openness of world. In “deconstruction of subject and community”, dissertation clarifies Nancy’s strategy and operation of deconstruction. Nancy opposes writing to self-completion and interrupts the self-completion of subject through writing. Writing produces the worklessness that spaces the subject. Writing repeats sense, begins sense anew and happens as the event of sense. Nancy emphasizes the importance of being-with that shares the nothing of Being. Being-with is not a work and resists the self-fulfillment of community. Being-with gathers all existences that are without essence, exposes the otherness of every existence and constitutes the community of others.

L’« enfant perturbateur » dérange et déçoit un espoir de réussite par de mauvaises notes, ou perturbe ses parents, sa famille, ses enseignants par son agitation. Dans un tel contexte, l’adulte, qui l’accompagne dans un lieu de soin, évoque à son propos une « hyperactivité », un « trouble de la concentration », ou un « trouble du comportement ». En quelques décennies, ces motifs de consultation sont devenus majoritaires au Centre Médico-Psychopédagogique de Montpellier. Sans remettre en cause les apports de la neurobiologie, nous constatons que l’« instabilité infantile psychogène transitoire » est devenue une épidémie. A partir de notre expérience clinique, de la métapsychologie freudienne, des études de sociologie, et de celles des sciences politiques, nous soutenons la thèse suivante : l’ « enfant perturbateur » souffre d’un « complexe de déprivation » (Winnicott) qu’il traduit en termes de « peur de mourir », et si la turbulence s’exprime, c’est en tant qu’elle attire l’attention d’un adulte potentiellement secourable et que les systèmes sociaux contemporains la rendent facilement repérable. L’approche psychanalytique individuelle de l’ « enfant perturbateur » est pertinente mais peut parfois rester en suspens pendant de longues périodes, cédant le pas à l’attitude de « management » décrite par Winnicott. Ceci rend possible un mouvement de régression permettant à l’enfant de renouer avec la continuité du sentiment d’exister. Dans le transfert, l’analyste occupe alors la place de « médium malléable » (Milner, Roussillon) soumis à l’omnipotence de son patient. / The agitation of “disruptive children” disturbs or upsets their parents, family and teachers, and bad marks at school lead to disappointment in terms of hope for success. In such a context, the adults who take them for treatment mention terms such as “hyperactivity”, “concentration disorder”, or “behaviour disorder”. In just a few decades, these reasons for consulting have started to dominate at the Centre Médico-Psychopédagogique (Psychoeducational Health Centre) in Montpellier.Although we do not question the contribution of neurobiology, we have observed that“transitory psychogenic infantile instability” has become an epidemic. On the basis of our clinical experience, Freudian metapsychology, sociology and political science studies, we support the following thesis: “disruptive children” suffer from a what Winnicot calls a “deprived complex” and which he translates in terms of “fear of dying”. If there is manifest unruliness, it is to attract the attention of a potentially helpful adult and because the contemporary social systems make it easily detectable.The individual psychoanalytic approach to “disruptive children” is relevant but canremain suspended over long periods of time, giving way to the “management” attitude described by Winnicott. This makes regression possible, allowing the child to return to the continuity of a sense of being. In the transference, the psychoanalyst then plays the role of the “pliable medium” (Milner, Roussillon) subject to his patient’s omnipotence.