Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons in the adult hippocampus, represents the most drastic form of ongoing plasticity in the human brain. When these adult-born neurons are a few weeks old, they have developed enough connections with surrounding hippocampal neurons to evoke meaningful change in network dynamics, but still have different morphological and physiological properties compared to developmentally generated neurons that render them more plastic. As such, and due to their location in the hippocampus, many have theorized that these new neurons play an important role in certain forms of learning memory as well as emotion. This dissertation outlines the first attempt to answer the question “what are new neurons in the hippocampus good for?” using human participants. Aerobic exercise is a lifestyle factor well-established from the animal literature to upregulate neurogenesis, while chronic stress is a known downregulator of neurogenesis. The second chapter of this thesis describes a study in which aerobic capacity and depression inventory scores demonstrated a significant positive correlation and a significant negative correlation with putative neurogenesis-dependent memory, respectively, in separate cohorts of healthy young adults. The third chapter outlines a study that expands on the one presented in the second by elucidating another potential role for neurogenesis in human cognition – remote memory. Finally, Chapter 4 describes a study investigating the utility of neurotrophins measured from peripheral blood as biomarkers for neurogenic activity in humans by examining how changes in their expression following chronic exercise predict changes in putative neurogenesis-dependent memory performance. These studies are the first to explicitly test and provide supporting evidence for the theoretical roles of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in humans. Taken together, these studies provide a strong foundation for how investigators and clinicians can indirectly quantify and test the function of adult-born neurons in the human brain. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / New neurons are generated in the adult hippocampus throughout life. The hippocampus is a structure in the medial temporal lobe important for learning and memory as well as emotion. It is currently unknown what the contributions of newborn neurons are to these processes. This dissertation outlines the first attempt to answer the question “what are new neurons in the hippocampus good for?” using human participants. Aerobic exercise is a lifestyle factor well-known from research in rodents to positively influence the rate of birth of newborn neurons in the hippocampus, while long-term stress reduces the rate of birth. The second chapter of this thesis describes a study in which aerobic fitness and depression inventory scores demonstrated a significant positive correlation and a significant negative correlation with a memory test susceptible to high interference, respectively, in different populations of healthy young adults. The third chapter outlines a study that expands on the one presented in the second chapter by elucidating another potential role for neurogenesis in human cognition – long-term memory. Finally, Chapter 4 describes a study investigating the how measuring various proteins found in circulating blood may help us to understand how exercise influence the rate of birth of new hippocampal neurons in humans. These studies are the first to test and provide supporting evidence for the potential roles of newborn hippocampal neurons in humans. Taken together, these studies provide a strong foundation for how investigators and clinicians can indirectly quantify and test the role of adult-born neurons in the human brain.

The seismic risk of a nuclear power plant (NPP) depends on structures, systems and components (SSCs) that are seismically qualified to a design basis earthquake (DBE) in Canada or a safe shutdown earthquake (SSE) in the United States. On the other hand, there exist some components that are not essential to safety but their seismic interaction with seismically-qualified SSCs adversely affects the seismic risk of such SSCs. Rocking frames consisting of a rigid beam freely supported by piers (e.g., a 150 Ton spare turbine rotor, or a 100 Ton idle steam generator resting on triangular or trapezoidal rigid piers) are common to NPPs. Seismic interaction of such frames with seismically-qualified safety components or their host structure may be detrimental to nuclear safety as witnessed in the 2013 Arkansas Nuclear One accident where the drop of a 500 Ton stator adversely impacted the severe core damage frequency of the entire plant, negatively affecting the nuclear risk. In order to ensure nuclear safety, it is essential to quantify the risk of a heavy component’s drop owing to a rocking frame’s instability caused by design basis accidents including seismic. A rocking frame’s beam support may be concentric or eccentric with respect to the pier’s center of mass depending on it’s geometry, for example, triangular or trapezoidal respectively. The current nuclear standards, ASCE 43-19 and CSA N289.1-2018 are silent about rocking frames. Literature has also not addressed the eccentricity variation. This thesis addresses the gap on seismic qualification of rocking frames by, establishing an equivalent rocking block for rocking frames with symmetrical support eccentricities, obtaining the response of frames with unsymmetrical support eccentricities and finally examining the stability of the two types of frames under slide restrained conditions. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Rocking frames, each consisting of a heavy rigid horizontal beam freely supported on unanchored rigid piers, are common to nuclear power plants (NPPs) (e.g., a turbine rotor freely supported by triangular or trapezoidal piers). The support points for the beam on the pier in such frames may be concentric or eccentric with respect to the pier’s center of mass as in a triangular or trapezoidal pier configuration. The current Canadian and American nuclear standards do not provide guidance on rocking frames. Support eccentricity variation has not been addressed in the literature. Consequently, the seismic risk of rocking frame configurations, common to NPPs, remains unknown. This thesis addresses this gap by employing an equivalent rocking block model for frames with symmetrical eccentricities, with an equation of motion representing those with unsymmetrical eccentricities; and examining the stability of the two under slide-restrained conditions.

The following were examined by taking advantage of TRDP using two-phase separation mixed solution: protein separation by the TRDC with the ternary mixed solution of water–acetonitrile–ethyl acetate, optical isomers separation by the TRDC with the ternary solution containing cyclodextrin as a chiral recognition molecule, development of the TRDC with a water–acetonitrile mixed solution containing sodium chloride as a two-phase separation mixed solution instead of the ternary solution, and introduction of the principle of the TRDC to a commercial HPLC system. Furthermore, the peroxioxalate CL detection was for the first time examined by using the ternary mixed solution. The investigation of the TRDP and TRDC, as well as the ternary mixed solution of water–acetonitrile–ethyl acetate, are interesting in view of not only analytical chemistry but also chemical engineering, and physical chemistry. / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

Two possible ways for increasing the rate of separation for magnetic bead separation has been observed. Increasing NP concentration by 2.5x gave a slight increase in rate of separation while 1.5x and 2.0x concentration increase resulted in a slight decrease in rate of separation. Synthesizing the magnetic beads under the influence of an external magnetic field also showed promising results. In a literature review, several types of magnetic beads and technologies are discussed, and how there is a great future potential for magnetic beads in the isolation of several types of biomolecules. It is concluded that the market for magnetic beads for cell isolation is expanding greatly with many different applications and expects to be worth 14.64 billion USD by 2025.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23578号 / 工博第4933号 / 新制||工||1770(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科物質エネルギー化学専攻 / (主査)教授 江口 浩一, 教授 陰山 洋, 教授 阿部 竜 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Candidate: Jana Marvalová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Radim Kučera, PhD. Title of Thesis: The employment of HPLC in field of chiral separations VI. Boron clusters are synthetically prepared substances that are being intensively studied in connection with Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, the substitution of phenyl rings of molecules of already known drugs and as potential inhibitors of HIV protease. Boron clusters are symmetric molecules, however, by endo- or exo-skeletal substitution, the symmetry of the cluster is disrupted and enantiomers are formed. This diploma thesis is focused on the investigation of chromatographic conditions for chiral separations of cosanes (bis(dicarbollides) and 7,8-dicarb-nido-undecaborates derivatives using high performance liquid chromatography and chiral selectors based on cellulose and amylose in reverse-phase liquid chromatography. For this purpose, columns Lux Cellulose-1 and Lux Amylose-1 were selected with chiral selectors cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) and amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), respectively. The mobile phases were mixtures of methanol or acetonitrile with sodium perchlorate or sodium chloride...

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Production and purification of rare-earth elements (REE) is among the most demanding separation practices. In general, extracting REE from natural ores requires a large amount of chemicals and energy. Separating the ores contents is also a complex process which needs a tremendous amount of organic solvent mixtures to produce high purity lanthanides. Partial mitigation to this issue lies in urban mining. Recycling old, discarded electronics is an important step in implementing the circular economy concept, making electronics more sustainable. In this work, specific components of old mobile phones were selected for targeted metal recovery. The main focus was on treating permanent magnets containing Nd, Pr and Dy as REE. These magnets were dissolved with nitric acid and the dissolutions were used to measure multicomponent adsorption in different polymeric commercial cationic resins. The adsorption of lanthanides on Amberlite IR-120 and DOWEX 50WX8 resins is found to reach equilibrium within 60 minutes. Across all the metals and lanthanides, Amberlite IR-120 has shown a greater adsorption. Generally, it is observed that more metals are adsorbed at higher pH values. This behavior seems to be consistent for both metals and lanthanides. The experimental data of the three lanthanides (Pr+3 , Nd+3 , and Dy+3) was fitted with diverse models and Sips rendered the best results. Freundlich and Langmuir models also provide satisfactory correlation coefficients