A review of the geotectonic settings of granitoids and various tin-tungsten provinces in Europe, Malaysia and southern Africa shows a close spatial and temporal association of mineralisation to S-type ilmenite series granitoids. Granitoids with these affinities are derived from crustal anatexis and are most commonly found in continental collision and different ensialic, intraplate orogenic settings, (e.g. SW England, Malaysia, Namibia) as well as in association with anorogenic magmatism (Nigeria, Brazil, South Africa). Tin-tungsten mineralisation is related to late- to post-tectonic granites, emplaced into areas of substantial tectonic thickening. Crustal anatexis leads to an observable calcalkaline chemical trend, with a source of gabbroic or amphibolite composition through anatexis to; mafic-intermediate enclaves, para-autochthonous anatectic granitoids (tonalite, granodiorite), to intermediate level quartz monzonite, granodiorite, biotite-granite, to late-tectonic highly fractionated muscovite-bearing granites, and high level porphyry intrusions. Mineralisation is spatially related to apical protrusions of the youngest most differentiated granite. Various mineralised environments are recognised, including endogranitic veins, primary disseminations, pegmatites and pipes, and exogranitic stockwork and fissure veins, and replacement bodies. A common factor to all these deposits is the inherent greisen environment, characterised by postmagmatic metasomatic alteration and mineral deposition. Common alteration mineral assemblages include albite, quartz, muscovite, tourmaline, and fluorite ∓ topaz. Ore mineral assemblages commonly display a paragenetic sequence of oxides (cassiterite, wolframite, scheelite), followed by sulphides (molybdenite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite sphalerite, arsenopyrite/loëllingite, Pb-Bi(Ag) sulphosalts) and then lower temperature carbonates (calcite, siderite, ankerite). Analysis of Pan African orogenic provinces in southern Africa (Damara and Saldanian Provinces) shows there is good potential for applying integrated exploration techniques in search of endo-exogreisen Sn-W systems. Careful analysis and interpretation of granitoid geochemistry (K₂0, Na₂0, FeO/Fe₂0₃, F, B, Sn, W, Mo, Cu, Rb, Sr, Ti, Zr) should aid delineation of Sn-W and Mo-Cu metallogenic provinces in these regions. Magnetic susceptibility determinations should also aid distinction of S-type ilmenite series (less than 1 x lO⁻⁴emu/g ) from I-type magnetite series (more than 1 x lO⁻⁴emu/g ) granitoids

Season Songs is a song cycle for mezzo-soprano (or tenor) and medium sized orchestra (a perfoming version for voice and piano is appended). There are four songs and an orchestral prelude. The poems are by various authors and provide the programmatic elements of the cycle in that each poem is set in a different season of the year and time of day: winter/morning, spring/afternoon, summer/evening, and autumn/night respectively. The title of the prelude sets it just before dawn. The music of the prelude and the last song is closely related both motivically and tonally, thus reinforcing the cyclical nature of the work. The accompanying commentary seeks to explain the compositional processes and aesthetic principles which guided the creation of Season Songs. The music explores nonfunctional tonality, in that means other than traditional tonic-dominant (i.e., V-I) relationships are sought by which to create a sense of forward propelled harmonic motion. This sense of harmonic "trajectory", in conjunction with appropriate rhythmic proportions, is held to be one of the most important factors contributing toward the sense of departure and return, tension and resolution in the music. The main means used toward this end is a four-note source cell which governs much of the harmonic and motivic activity in the work, from the most local level of leading motives of individual songs to the broadest level of key relationships among songs. The harmonic manifestation of the source cell promotes root movement by major thirds and minor seconds on the local as well as broad levels. Sonorities associated with traditional tonality, such as open fifths in the bass and major or minor triads, are common, although the contexts in which they are heard are usually non-traditional. The metric pulse is usually distinctly articulated and readily intelligible, although changes in metre are frequent in most of the songs. The text setting aspires to a directness of expression. The words will be intelligible in performance and the music reflects and magnifies the emotional content of the the text. While there are several levels on which the music can be appreciated, over-obscurity is avoided, as a rule, especially in the composition of the musical surface. / Arts, Faculty of / Music, School of / Graduate

Kirke Mechem (b. 1925), American composer, has a musical output which includes a variety of genres, the most prolific being choral music. This document examines selected choral works by Mechem that are set to the poetry of Sara Teasdale (b. 1884, d. 1933). Included are biographical sketches of Mechem and Teasdale. Selected choral works examined include Christmas Carol (1969) SATB and guitar, The Winds of May, five movement choral cycle (1965) SATB, Birds at Dusk, from the choral cycle Winging Wildly (1998) SATB, and Barter (1995) SA, trumpet, piano 4-hands. Analysis of the poetry involved as well as musical attributes and compositional techniques, including meter, form, harmonic structures, wordpainting, rhythmic treatment and melodic characteristics are included in the discussion.

Black students, in general, are underserved academically (Darling-Hammond, 2000; Townsend, 2002) and overrepresented in special education (Donovan & Cross, 2002). Black students with disabilities are further overrepresented in more restrictive educational environments (Skiba, Poloni-Staudinger, Gallini, Simmons & Feggins-Azziz, 2006). Although the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2 (NLTS2) revealed that the academic performance of students with learning disabilities is positively related to the percentage of courses taken in the general education setting (Newman, 2006), the research specifically on placement of Black students with disabilities, particularly at the secondary level, as it relates to academic achievement is lacking. While previous studies have sought to determine which placement is better for students with disabilities, no study was found that specifically examined the impact of placement specific to Black students with specific learning disabilities (SLD) in urban settings (Fore, III, Hagan-Burke, Burke, Boon & Smith, 2008; Rea, McLaughlin & Walther-Thomas, 2002). This study examined educational placement, instructional best practices, and achievement gains of Black students with SLD in urban secondary settings using an ex post facto research design. Achievement, placement, and demographic data were collected and analyzed on approximately 314 Black eighth grade students with SLD. The Teacher Instructional Practices Survey was developed and used to collect and analyze data from the teachers of 78 of these students as it relates to instructional best practices. Results indicate no significant difference in reading but a significant difference in math gains of students served in inclusive settings as compared to resource settings with a small effect size. Also, no significant relationship was found between achievement gains and the reported use of instructional best practices. However, there was a relationship between educational placement and the use of instructional best practices. The results implied that there is a need for training with both general and special education teachers on instructional best practices for SWD and that there should be certain IEP team considerations when making placement decisions for this population of students with disabilities. It is recommended that future research in this area include classroom observations and factors other than test scores to measure growth in achievement.

Faz-se notória a ideia de que o crescimento das cidades e o consequente aumento no adensamento das mesmas é, nos dias atuais, um fato inevitável; e que o homem, ao modificar o meio natural, o faz quase sempre de forma danosa. Formação de ilhas de calor, aumento do consumo de energia, dificuldade na dispersão de poluentes, diminuição do ângulo de visão do céu, diminuição da taxa de permeabilidade do solo entre outros, são problemas frequentemente relacionados com a densificação e verticalização das cidades. A utilização de modelos reduzidos para simulações experimentais em túneis de vento das condições naturais de ventilação se mostram eficazes, além de reduzir custos em pesquisas nesta área. Embasando-se em tais pressupostos, o presente trabalho pretende verificar as alterações das características dos escoamentos de vento provocadas por distintos padrões de ocupação do solo urbano no bairro do Altiplano Cabo Branco, na cidade de João Pessoa-PB. A área em estudo atravessa um processo acelerado de modificação nas suas características de ocupação urbana, conduzido pelas alterações dos indicadores urbanísticos locais, antes mais restritivos, possibilitando agora edificações com gabaritos em altura significativamente maiores do que os anteriormente observados no local. Parte-se então da hipótese de que o processo de verticalização resultante deste crescimento é capaz de alterar os escoamentos de ventos não apenas nas áreas onde este ocorre, mas também em áreas contíguas. No desenvolvimento deste trabalho, de caráter experimental, foram avaliados dois modelos de adensamentos urbanos para a área de estudo O primeiro deles reproduz a ocupação da área conforme se encontrava antes de mudanças ocorridas nos indicadores urbanísticos para o local. O segundo apresenta a configuração atual de ocupação da área, delineada pela legislação em vigor. Para viabilizar esta avaliação serão realizados ensaios no Túnel de Vento de retorno fechado, Professor Joaquim Blessmann, do Laboratório de Aerodinâmica das Construções da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando maquetes (modelos) em escala reduzida e observando os requerimentos necessários estabelecidos para este padrão de estudo experimental. Foram utilizados nos ensaios para cada uma das duas configurações de vizinhança dois ângulos de ataque de vento, 150 e 90 graus, tomando como referência o atlas de vento do local de estudo. A partir da análise dos resultados obtidos é possível concluir que a verticalização, da maneira como propõe legislação atual para a área, não apresenta perdas significativas no que se refere aos escoamentos (ventos) quando comparada com o padrão de ocupação anterior sem os edifícios altos. As áreas adjacentes também não sofrem maiores prejuízos no que se refere aos escoamentos quando comparados os dois modelos. / What is worth elucidating is the idea about city expansion and consequent increasing effects of the densification is, now are days, an unavoidable fact; and that human, by modifying the natural environment, does so always in a destructive way. Formation of heat island, increase of the energy consumption, difficulty in the dispersion of pollutants, reduction in the sky view angle, diminution of the level of soil permeability among others, are problem frequently related to densification and verticalization of cities. The use of reduced models for experimental simulation in wind tunnel considering natural conditions of ventilation prove to be effective, apart from low down cost of experiments in this area of research. Based on such assumption, the aim of this research was to verify the alterations of wind flow characteristics provoked on distinct occupation pattern of urban soil in the district of Altiplano Cabo Branco, in the city of João Pesssoa-PB. The studied site passed through a fast process of physical modification in its urban occupation characteristics, conducted by local urban indicators, which was earlier more restrictive, presently permitting building with considerable standard that are higher than those, which were formerly observed on site. Based on the assumption that the process of verticalization as a product of growth may alter the wind flow not only in the areas where it occurs but also in adjacent areas In developing this work, experimentally, two models of urban concentrations were examined on the study area. The first was reproduced on the occupation of the area as it was founded before the changes in the local urban indicators. The second shows the current configuration of occupation of the area outlined by the current legislation. To make this assessment tests were carried out in the Boundary layer wind tunnel, Professor Joaquim Blessmann, of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, by use of model building of reduced scale and observing the necessary requirements established for this standard experimental study. Two angles of attack of wind were utilized in the two experiments, 150 and 90 degrees, with reference to the wind atlas of site of study. From the result of this analysis we conclude that virtualization of the occupation proposed by the current proposed legislation for the site does not present significant losses when compared with the previous standard of occupation lacking the tall buildings. Adjacent areas do not affected by losses in relation to the wind flow of the two models that was compared.

LAND OF DREAMS is an opera in one act based on poems by the English poet William Blake. The work is for chamber orchestra, dancers, and an actor, as well as the vocal cast listed below. Cast of Characters Thomas Soprano The Father Baritone The Nurse Alto The Mother Mezzo Soprano The opera divides into eight sections with a total performance time of approximately forty minutes. Each section represents a different stylistic approach to the musical material. This juxtaposing of various styles is reflective of the eclectic nature of the text. The setting is England around 1800, the scene is a child's (Thomas) bedroom. All of the dramatic action takes place in this room in the various stages of the conscious (awake) and unconscious (asleep) states of the child's mind.

Robert Eugene Ward's impressive body of work encompasses almost every genre of music. He has composed symphonies, operas, large orchestral pieces, chamber works, solo instrumental pieces, extended choral works, short choral pieces, ceremonial works, a ballet, theatre pieces, and even jazz and swing band pieces. Ward's name is recognized in most musical circles but usually only for his opera The Crucible, a work for which he earned a Pulitzer Prize in 1962. In fact, a survey of all the dissertations, articles, interviews, and books written about Robert Ward shows that the vast majority of these studies focus on his most famous opera. His choral works, though they comprise some of Ward's most expressive work, have received little attention. Ward's works show a deliberate use of symbols and allusions. While this use is far from an innovative concept in composition, Ward distinguishes himself with a consistent and purposeful application of these devices establishing an unmistakable interweaving of text, composition, and context. This study examines several of Ward's short choral compositions as they relate to the composer's use of symbols and allusions. Comparisons are made to Ward's use of these devices in his operatic works as a means of determining the consistency of their use throughout his vocal works. Chapter 1 looks at the composer's background, influence, and experience as to their impact on his approach to composition. Chapter 2 lays the groundwork for the discussion of symbols and allusions in music by establishing their basis and function in literary arts in general. The final chapter explores Ward's use of symbols and allusions in four of his choral works.

Aus der Einleitung: "Verschiedene Zielkonflikte zwischen den Anforderungen bzgl. Sicherheit, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Umweltverträglichkeit resultieren aus den Spannungsfeldern Umwelt, Wirtschaft und Technik (Busche 2014, Braess & Seiffert 2013). Richtungsentscheidungen bei der Festlegung der Anforderungen im Entwicklungsprozess auf Grundlage weniger Informationen bergen die Gefahr fehlerhafter Entscheidungen (Feldhusen & Grote 2013). Wird dies im weiteren Verlauf der Entwicklungsprozesse bemerkt sind Iterationsschleifen verbunden mit hohen Kosten notwendig, um dort nachzubessern (Ehrlenspiel et al. 2007). Der Grund für das große Informationsdefizit am Anfang des Entwicklungsprozesses sind die unbekannten Auswirkungen der Parametervariationen auf die Eigenschaften (Ehrlenspiel 2009). Diese resultieren u.a. aus den restriktiven Anforderungen, neuen Technologien oder alternativen Werkstoffen (Braess & Seiffert 2013). Muss das Nachfolgefahrzeug bspw. länger und flacher, bei gleicher Fahrdynamik werden oder leichter bei schärferen NVH- und Crash-Eigenschaften sein, müssen neue Strukturen, Materialien und Verfahren eingesetzt werden (Prinz 2011, Busche 2014). Bei Neukonstruktionen ist der Anteil unbekannter Auswirkungen noch höher (Ehrlenspiel 2009). ..."

Sona of Pi-Pa is a composition set to a poem to be performed by soprano and mixed instrumental ensemble. The formal plan is through-composed and the organization of each individual piece is largely determined by the structure of the poetic text. The text, drawn from Song of Pi-Pa by Po Chu-i, depicts the story of how the poet became overwhelmed by the chance hearing of a virtuosic performance of a woman playing the pi-pa. The general characteristics of the work reflect the assimilation of certain non-western musical and philosophical influences. Traditional western compositional techniques are also employed in the treatment of thematic materials, musical form, instrumentation, and the developmental process. The total performance time for this composition is approximately twenty-six minutes.

No description available.