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The Challenges Facing Law Enforcement In Live-Streamed Child Sexual Abuse CasesDaniel Dale Spencer III (16642371) 07 August 2023 (has links)
<p>The live streaming of child sexual abuse is a serious problem that demands urgent attention from law enforcement, legislature, and the platforms that it occurs on. While child sexual exploitation and abuse crimes have been occurring for decades, the growing number of internet users combined with the recent Covid-19 outbreak has shifted a lot of these crimes online. Crimes that occur over live streams are particularly difficult to investigate. Previous research has highlighted four main types of challenges associated with these types of cases: legislative, social, technical, and investigative. While studies have been conducted that explored these challenges individually, this study fills a research gap by exploring which of these challenges affect law enforcement personnel that work live-streamed child sexual abuse cases post-Covid-19. For this study, an anonymous online survey was sent out to law enforcement individuals and agencies nationwide. The survey was actively distributed for one month. Out of the 29 responses received, 13 participants qualified to take the survey and were asked about the challenges they faced working these types of cases and about any solutions to these challenges. After collecting the data, descriptive statistics identified the challenges, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Following a grounded theory process, the analysis identified five main themes that encompassed multiple types of challenges and solutions. These themes were: a lack of consensus, education, the role of application service providers and platforms, a need for better technology, and out-of-jurisdiction challenges. These themes explored in-depth the participants’ responses and further identified the challenges facing law enforcement that work live-streamed child sexual abuse cases, as well as any current solutions to these challenges. Two main challenges frequently mentioned by the participants were end-to-end encryption and anonymizing services, and one of the main solutions to many of the challenges was the education of parents, children, and legislators. For future research, the author recommends exploration of the following topics: the investigation of the factors that play strong roles in determining the time it takes to investigate live-streamed child sexual abuse cases, research related to how AI could assist law enforcement working these cases, further exploration of a framework for the education of parents and children about social media usage and the risks of live streaming, how social platforms can be used in many ways, and research that examines how often law enforcement encounters live-streamed child sexual abuse cases/whether these cases are common or not. </p>
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Analyse de profils latents des carrières criminelles des auteurs de leurre informatiqueBélair, Gabrielle 04 1900 (has links)
L’approche de la carrière criminelle a été appliquée à maintes reprises auprès de délinquants sexuels afin d’approfondir les connaissances relatives à leur participation criminelle, à la fréquence de leur passage à l’acte, à la durée de leur parcours criminel, à la gravité de leurs crimes et au polymorphisme dont ces délinquants font preuve. Parallèlement à l’essor des nouvelles technologies, un besoin grandissant d’en apprendre davantage sur la carrière criminelle des auteurs de leurre informatique s’est fait ressentir. À ce jour, peu d’études ont analysé le parcours criminel emprunté par ces cyberdélinquants sexuels en ayant recours au cadre d’analyse de la carrière criminelle. Afin de remédier à cette limite, le présent mémoire a comme objectif principal d’analyser les parcours criminels des auteurs de leurre informatique afin d’élargir les connaissances quant à la participation, la fréquence, la durée, la gravité et le polymorphisme. Plus précisément, l’objectif spécifique est d’analyser les tendances en termes de carrières criminelles. Pour ce faire, une analyse de profils latents a été menée auprès d’un échantillon de 1 201 auteurs de leurre. Les résultats indiquent l’existence de divers parcours criminels des auteurs de leurre et mettent en lumière quatre profils, soit (1) l’auteur de leurre « ponctuel à délinquance unique », (2) l’auteur de leurre « versatile tardif », (3) l’auteur de leurre « délinquant sexuel spécialiste » et (4) l’auteur de leurre « polymorphe prolifique ». Le premier profil identifié est composé d’auteurs de leurre ne commettant qu’un seul crime à travers leur parcours criminel selon les données officielles. Le second profil, pour sa part, regroupe les individus commettant plusieurs crimes sexuels et non sexuels et qui mettent fin tardivement à leur carrière criminelle. Ensuite, le troisième profil identifié comprend les auteurs ayant un penchant pour les crimes de sexuels, bien que leur carrière criminelle soit limitée en termes de participation et de fréquence. Dernièrement, le quatrième profil est constitué d’auteurs polymorphes commettant une variété de crimes sexuels et non sexuels. / The criminal career approach has been extensively applied in the context of sexual
delinquency and allowed to deepen knowledge regarding the crimes committed by sex offenders,
the duration of their criminal involvement, the seriousness of their criminal behaviors, and the
variety of crimes they commit. Along with the rise of new technologies, there has been a growing
need to learn more about the criminal careers of online groomers. To date, no studies have
analyzed the criminal path of these online sex offenders using a criminal career framework. To
remedy this limitation, the main objective of this paper is to analyze the criminal paths of online
groomers as to broaden knowledge on participation, frequency, duration, seriousness, and
versatility. Specifically, the objective is to identify tendencies in regards to their criminal careers.
To do so, a latent profile analysis was performed on a sample of 1 201 online groomers. The
results support the existence of multiple delinquent paths of individuals who sexually solicit
youth online and highlight the existence of four profiles: (1) the “one-timer” groomer, (2) the
“versatile and late” groomer, (3) the “specialist sex offender” groomer, and (4) the “versatile and
prolific” groomer. The first profile identified consists of online groomers committing a single crime
across their criminal path. The second profile includes individuals who commit multiple sexual
and non-sexual crimes and who end their criminal career belatedly. The third identified profile
includes perpetrators with a preference for sexual crimes, but whose criminal careers are limited
in terms of participation and frequency. Lastly, the fourth profile is composed of versatile
offenders committing a variety of sexual and non-sexual crimes.
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Understanding the experiences of adolescents trafficked for sexual exploitation : informing social work servicesAnthony, Inge 02 1900 (has links)
The impact of adolescent human trafficking for sexual exploitation is of such a nature that it interferes with the attainment of adolescent developmental tasks that would lead to the ability to become independent adults. This interference offers specific challenges to service providers. The goal of this study was therefore to develop an in-depth understanding of service providers’ perceptions of the experiences of adolescents trafficked for sexual exploitation with a view to inform social work services. The research methodology entailed the use of the contextual, explorative and descriptive research designs within a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data analysis led to the identification of themes, sub-themes and categories that addressed the goal of the study. A literature control was conducted to verify the data and to draw conclusions and make recommendations for social work service delivery. / Social Work / M. A. (Social Science)
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Exposure to pornography and sexual exploitation of children : an interpretive approachBasson, Antoinette 11 1900 (has links)
The aim of this qualitative research study was to explore the influences of pornographic material on
the sexual exploitation of children. An interpretive research method, based on phenomenological
principles, was followed. A total of 18 semistructured interviews were conducted with sentenced sex
offenders who had committed an offence against a child (a person under the age of 18).
The research findings, obtained through a process of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA),
highlighted personal and family characteristics that could increase individuals’ susceptibility to the
effect of exposure to pornographic material. Moreover, it was found that early, recurrent exposure
to pornography results in physical, cognitive and behavioural influences that considerably increase
the level of sexual satisfaction and need for instantaneous sexual gratification. This uncontrollable
need for sexual gratification often results in destructive behaviour such as addiction to pornographic
material, criminal sexual acts involving children and damage to the family system. The effect of
sexually explicit material is furthermore intensified by the availability of pornographic material on the
Internet, which considerably increases the likelihood of individuals being exposed to a variety of
pornographic images, including illegal material such as child pornography.
Based on the outcomes of the research study, it can be concluded that pornography does have an
effect on human behaviour in relation to the sexual exploitation of children which necessitates the
effective regulation of pornographic material, especially on the Internet, and the evaluation of the
help profession’s approach to effectively deal with issues stemming from exposure to pornographic
material / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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The social dislocation of and social support for female street children engaged in commercial sex work : an explorative study in the Addis Ketema sub-city, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaLude Abiy Melaku 10 1900 (has links)
In this study semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews were conducted with sixteen female street children aged 15 to 18, who were engaged in commercial sex work. These children were conveniently selected to explore the social dislocation of and social support for female street children engaged in commercial sex work. In addition, two focus group discussions consisting of nine female street children each, as well as seven key informant individual interviews, were conducted. This study found that female children engaged in commercial sex work experienced a high degree of social dislocation and that the children who participated in this study tended to create their own communities and isolated themselves from the broader community in which they lived. This study further found that different support programmes had been introduced to alleviate the problems experienced by these children and that a number of organisations delivered support services to address their needs. / Sociology / M. A. (Sociology)
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Exposure to pornography and sexual exploitation of children : an interpretive approachBasson, Antoinette 11 1900 (has links)
The aim of this qualitative research study was to explore the influences of pornographic material on
the sexual exploitation of children. An interpretive research method, based on phenomenological
principles, was followed. A total of 18 semistructured interviews were conducted with sentenced sex
offenders who had committed an offence against a child (a person under the age of 18).
The research findings, obtained through a process of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA),
highlighted personal and family characteristics that could increase individuals’ susceptibility to the
effect of exposure to pornographic material. Moreover, it was found that early, recurrent exposure
to pornography results in physical, cognitive and behavioural influences that considerably increase
the level of sexual satisfaction and need for instantaneous sexual gratification. This uncontrollable
need for sexual gratification often results in destructive behaviour such as addiction to pornographic
material, criminal sexual acts involving children and damage to the family system. The effect of
sexually explicit material is furthermore intensified by the availability of pornographic material on the
Internet, which considerably increases the likelihood of individuals being exposed to a variety of
pornographic images, including illegal material such as child pornography.
Based on the outcomes of the research study, it can be concluded that pornography does have an
effect on human behaviour in relation to the sexual exploitation of children which necessitates the
effective regulation of pornographic material, especially on the Internet, and the evaluation of the
help profession’s approach to effectively deal with issues stemming from exposure to pornographic
material / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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The social dislocation of and social support for female street children engaged in commercial sex work : an explorative study in the Addis Ketema sub-city, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaLude Abiy Melaku 10 1900 (has links)
In this study semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews were conducted with sixteen female street children aged 15 to 18, who were engaged in commercial sex work. These children were conveniently selected to explore the social dislocation of and social support for female street children engaged in commercial sex work. In addition, two focus group discussions consisting of nine female street children each, as well as seven key informant individual interviews, were conducted. This study found that female children engaged in commercial sex work experienced a high degree of social dislocation and that the children who participated in this study tended to create their own communities and isolated themselves from the broader community in which they lived. This study further found that different support programmes had been introduced to alleviate the problems experienced by these children and that a number of organisations delivered support services to address their needs. / Sociology / M. A. (Sociology)
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Sexuální vykořisťování a zneužívání páchané příslušníky mírových misí OSN / Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN PeacekeepersKrálik, Ján January 2017 (has links)
The thesis provides legal analysis of sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers with particular focus on military members of national peacekeeping contingents. It provides brief survey of peacekeeping operations thereby underlying their importance in the contemporary activities of the UN and describing factors that have caused or might led to sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers. Furthermore, UN action towards those acts is described and it is also evaluated whether such steps are successful, sufficient and whether more could have been done or what more can be done in the future. A part is also dedicated to international humanitarian law perspective and international human rights law. In this context, the author tries to answer the question if and when the sexual exploitation and abuse by members of national peacekeeping contingents while deployed to a UN peacekeeping mission may constitute war crimes or crimes against humanity and whether there is a role to play by International Criminal Court. In the same vein, issues of extraterritorial application of human rights treaties are discussed. The question of international responsibility is the central topic of this thesis. Apart from individual responsibility of members of national peacekeeping contingents for acts of sexual...
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Understanding the experiences of adolescents trafficked for sexual exploitation : informing social work servicesAnthony, Inge 02 1900 (has links)
The impact of adolescent human trafficking for sexual exploitation is of such a nature that it interferes with the attainment of adolescent developmental tasks that would lead to the ability to become independent adults. This interference offers specific challenges to service providers. The goal of this study was therefore to develop an in-depth understanding of service providers’ perceptions of the experiences of adolescents trafficked for sexual exploitation with a view to inform social work services. The research methodology entailed the use of the contextual, explorative and descriptive research designs within a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data analysis led to the identification of themes, sub-themes and categories that addressed the goal of the study. A literature control was conducted to verify the data and to draw conclusions and make recommendations for social work service delivery. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Science)
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Gender asymmetries in professionals' views on adolescent sex and drug useNauckhoff, Josefine January 2017 (has links)
The overarching aim of this study was to examine female social workers’ (ie. drug counselors’ and members of treatment staff’s) perception of the sexuality of girls and boys. The results indicate that the IPs define female high risk sexual behavior differently than male high-risk sexual behavior. For females, the mere act of having sex with multiple men in combination with drug use was considered problematic, while for males, the question was whether he was having protected sex. A history of CSA was considered to affect the sexuality of both the female and male vignette characters, but in different ways: the male character was seen to punish himself through multiple sexual partners while the female was seen to be unable to make informed sexual decisions or even to enjoy sex. Finally, the concept of sexual exploitation was analyzed and found to be inconsistently used not only by the IPs, but also in the research literature. In the discussion, it is stressed that social services and treatment personnel need to be clear about what they mean by sexual exploitation of girls. Paying undue attention to a girl’s sex life will not help her in any significant way. Instead, social workers should help girls use their gifts and strengths to express their innermost being, helping them find their voice. / Det övergripande syftet med denna studie var att undersöka kvinnliga socialarbetares (det vill säga drogbehandlares och behandlingspersonals) uppfattning om tonårsflickors och tonårspojkars sexualitet. Resultaten indikerar att intervjupersonerna definierar sexuellt högriskbeteende annorlunda hos flickor och pojkar. För flickor uppfattades det som problematiskt att ha sex med flera män i kombination med narkotikabruk, medan det för pojkar handlade om huruvida de hade skyddat sex. En historia av sexuella övergrepp i barndomen ansågs kunna påverka sexualiteten hos både kvinnliga och manliga vinjettkaraktärer men på olika sätt: den manliga karaktären ansågs bestraffa sig själv genom många sexuella partners medan den kvinnliga upplevdes oförmögen att fatta informerade sexuella beslut eller ens njuta av sex. Slutligen analyserades begreppet sexuellt utnyttjande och visade sig användas inkonsekvent inte bara av intervjupersonerna, men också i forskningslitteraturen. I diskussionen betonas att socialtjänst och behandlingspersonal måste klargöra vad de menar med sexuellt utnyttjande av flickor. Att ge otillbörlig uppmärksamhet åt en tonårsflickas sexliv hjälper henne inte på något väsentligt sätt. Istället bör socialarbetare hjälpa flickor att använda sina talanger och styrkor för att uttrycka sitt innersta väsen och därmed hjälpa dem finna sin röst.
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