"Architecture itself is linked not only to other arts but also to the broader context of life; it is only on that scale that we may understand its specific contribution to the formation of the communicative space of culture."* - Dailbor Vesely 2004 Architects have explored Art Galleries as a medium throughout the ages. In 2014, the Corcoran was sold, dismantled and divided between the National Gallery of Art and George Washington University signaling the end of an era of art display in the Nation's Capital. This transformation of a major DC art collection was the impetus for this thesis: to mark the end of an era and to create a new home for the Corcoran Collection. To house this orphaned collection, I have studied similar elements that earlier architects have studied such as light, shadow, and reflection, taking into account the dawn of the next generation of art galleries. The role of this museum is to educate and facilitate information about the collection and the art. Contemporary art galleries that have been built recently included additional areas of services that were originally not part of the Corcoran Museum's building program, such as the role of conservation of historical objects including paintings and works on paper. Another area of my research was the relationship between the viewer and the building. The Corcoran has an extensive collection of American art and art directly from D.C. and it is important to allow direct access for the community and accommodate enough wall space to give context to the art. With the setting of the contemporary art gallery framed, we return back to the research to really question how each of those elements were thought about moving forward. We need light to see, but what had been seen and depicted on great Master's canvases should be protected from light. Should natural light be brought into the gallery spaces even though it damages works on canvas and paper? Can gallery spaces change over time to mirror the objects that they hold? Can the building reflect the area around the gallery but also act as a space of meditation and self-reflection? To adopt means to take another's child, but it can also mean to embrace an idea. In this case we are adopting the collection of William Corcoran and combining it with newer elements found in modern museums. On further evaluation of the gallery it has strong ties to historic D.C. because of its collection and its community outreach however its weakness was due in part of turning its back on the same community that made it strong. I propose moving the collection into the heart of Washington D.C. and combining it with newer ideas of light and gallery services. This process will allow the Corcoran to continue its evolution as a great American collection. *Dailbor Vesely, "Architecture in the Age of Divided Representation." (Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2004), 88-89. / Master of Architecture

Through an exploration of media and technique, this project sought to represent pregnant silence and portentous darkness within architecture: ephemeral effect drawn in stasis. A sequence of three rooms - formed constructively, but intuited through tone - imagine interior worlds in which the stage is perpetually set, but the performance itself never begins. / Master of Architecture / Through an exploration of media and technique, this project sought to represent pregnant silence and portentous darkness within architecture: ephemeral effect drawn in stasis. A sequence of three rooms - formed constructively, but intuited through tone - imagine interior worlds in which the stage is perpetually set, but the performance itself never begins.

The present thesis deals with geometric lighting and methods of its construction. In particular, it is aimed at parallel and central lighting of objects and groups of objects. The work includes a theoretical part, in which you can learn about the properties, methods and basic concepts related to geometric lighting. Afterwards, there is a practical part, which contains a set of examples in different projections with their solutions and visual pictures. Last chapter is about using computer for modeling of geometric lighting; mainly it is about possibilities of software Rhinoceros. In addition, the chapter contains modeled lighting of the charming Taj Mahal. The project is filled up with a number of pictures to enhance the reader's imagination about the principles and methods of lighting. In the work I emphasized intelligibility and usability of the methods listed there. In general, thesis Geometry of shadows is devoted to everybody who wants to learn more about the geometry of shadows. The thesis could be a useful study material for students and teachers of descriptive geometry. The work also includes the DVD, which contained Rhinoceros files of images, worksheets with examples solved at the work and the thesis in electronic form.

Shadows have captivated humanity since the dawn of time; with the current age being no exception – shadows are core to realism and ambience, be it to invoke a classic Baroque interplay of lights, darks and colours as the case in Rembrandt van Rijn’s Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq or to create a sense of mystery as found in film noir and expressionist cinematography. Shadows, in this traditional sense, are regions of blocked light – the combined effect of placing an object between a light source and surface. This dissertation focuses on real-time shadow generation as a subset of 3D computer graphics. Its main focus is the critical analysis of numerous real-time shadow rendering algorithms and the construction of an empirically derived system for the high-speed rendering of shadows. This critical analysis allows us to assess the relationship between shadow rendering quality and performance. It also allows for the isolation of key algorithmic weaknesses and possible bottleneck areas. Focusing on these bottleneck areas, we investigate several possibilities of improving the performance and quality of shadow rendering; both on a hardware and software level. Primary performance benefits are seen through effective culling, clipping, the use of hardware extensions and by managing the polygonal complexity and silhouette detection of shadow casting meshes. Additional performance gains are achieved by combining the depth-fail stencil shadow volume algorithm with dynamic spatial subdivision. Using this performance data gathered during the analysis of various shadow rendering algorithms, we are able to define a fuzzy logic-based expert system to control the real-time selection of shadow rendering algorithms based on environmental conditions. This system ensures the following: nearby shadows are always of high-quality, distant shadows are, under certain conditions, rendered at a lower quality and the frames per second rendering performance is always maximised. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Computer Science / unrestricted

The fast expansion of the shadow banking industry and its unregulated risks pose great challenges to the People's Bank of China. This paper uses the classic money multiplier and velocity models to investigate the impact of shadow banks on the effectiveness of monetary policies from 2006 to 2016.The time-series regression results show that shadow banks have a positive relationship with the velocity and a negative one with the multiplier. As the non-banks disrupt the traditional credit creation process and the central bank loses control of two important monetary indicators, the paper then discusses possible new intermediate targets and reforms that can alleviate the shadow banking problems.

Sådana system i en organisation som inte är sanktionerade kallas skuggsystem. I detta arbete har vi genomfört en fallstudie vid Försvarets materielverk FMV för att undersöka vad som orsakar att skuggsystem uppkommer. I studien har ett antal skuggsystem identifierats och möjliga orsaker har analyserats. Det är viktigt för en organisation att skaffa kunskap om skuggsystemens existens för att kunna hantera dem och därför är det viktigt med en förståelse för orsakerna bakom. / Systems in an organization that are not formally sanctioned are called shadow systems. In this paper we have conducted a case study at the Swedish Defence Material Administration FMV to better understand the drivers behind the creation of shadow systems. The study has identified a number of shadow systems and possible drivers have been analyzed. It is important for an organization to gain knowledge about the existence of shadow systems in order to manage them. Therefore it is important to have an understanding of the drivers behind shadow systems.

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The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a popular global search algorithm. Although it has been used successfully in many fields, there are still performance challenges that prevent GA’s further success. The performance challenges include: difficult to reach optimal solutions for complex problems and take a very long time to solve difficult problems. This dissertation is to research new ways to improve GA’s performance on solution quality and convergence speed. The main focus is to present the concept of shadow price and propose a two-measurement GA. The new algorithm uses the fitness value to measure solutions and shadow price to evaluate components. New shadow price Guided operators are used to achieve good measurable evolutions. Simulation results have shown that the new shadow price Guided genetic algorithm (SGA) is effective in terms of performance and efficient in terms of speed.

This article discusses the corrupt official and entrepreneurs. When entrepreneurs want to operate in the market, they have to purchase license from the official. In two-stage model, the official can take different prices of different types of entrepreneurs, and commits to his demand. We get the optimal demands of the official and critical types of entrepreneurs. In the framework with the shadow economy, the official is forced to decrease his demands. By examining the optimal demands and critical types, we found that the official¡¦s benefits decrease in the shadow economy.

Abstract¡G The main aim of this paper is to utilizing the Shadow Moirè method to study the moisture effect on the warpage of PBGA IC package under the IR-reflow process. An environmental controlled box is designed and built. Three combinations of different moisture and temperature status are chosen for the purpose of study. The result shows that the moisture and temperature change do yielding the change of the warpage of the IC package.