Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar se a delimitação da área adesiva a ser testada no ensaio mecânico de microcisalhamento é capaz de alterar os resultados de resistência de união obtidos; determinar se a delimitação da área adesiva do ensaio mecânico de microcisalhamento pode alterar o ranqueamento dos sistemas adesivos analisados e correlacionar os tipos de fratura encontrados com valores de resistência adesiva obtidos em cada um dos grupos experimentais. As unidades experimentais foram confeccionadas sobre 18 superfícies de dentina obtidas a partir de incisivos bovinos distribuídas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos, segundo o sistema adesivo a ser utilizado (Adper Single Bond 2, Clearfil Se Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond). Desta forma foram compostos 6 grupos experimentais segundo os dois fatores de variação a serem estudados: sistema adesivo e delimitação da área adesiva. Sobre cada superfície dentinária foram confeccionados 4 cilindros em resina composta, sendo 2 com delimitação da área adesiva e 2 sem a delimitação desta área, totalizando n=12. Após 24 horas de armazenamento os espécimes foram submetidos ao ensaio mecânico de microcisalhamento. O teste estatístico ANOVA (p<0,01) e o teste auxiliar de Tukey determinaram que todos os grupos experimentais em que a delimitação da área adesiva foi realizada apresentaram menores valores de resistência adesiva quando comparados aos seus respectivos grupos controle (sem delimitação da área adesiva). Para os grupos em que não foi realizada a delimitação da área não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os adesivos empregados. Em contrapartida, quando não foi realizada a delimitação, o sistema adesivo Clearfil S3 Bond mostrou maiores valores de resistência adesiva quando comparado aos sistemas Adper Single Bond 2 e Clearfil SE Bond, que por sua vez não se mostraram estatisticamente diferentes entre si. Concluiu-se que a delimitação da área adesiva no ensaio de microcisalhamento alterou os resultados de resistência adesiva obtidos, e que a modificação da metodologia do ensaio mecânico de microcisalhamento foi capaz de alterar o ranqueamento dos sistemas adesivos analisados. / This study had as objectives to evaluate if the delimitation of adhesive area on microshear test is capable to modify the values of shear bond strength; to determine if this delimitation can modify the ranking of the analyzed adhesive systems and to correlate the found types of failure with the values of bond strength in each experimental group. The specimens were confectioned on 18 incisors bovine dentine surfaces randomly distributed into 3 groups, according to adhesive system used (Adper Single Bond 2, Clearfil If Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond). In such a way, 6 experimental groups were designed according to two factors of variation to be studied: adhesive system and delimitation of the adhesive area. Over each dentin surface were confectioned 4 composite resin cylinders, being 2 with delimitation of the adhesive area and 2 without the delimitation of this area, totalizing n=12. After 24 hours of storage the specimens were submitted to microshear test Statistical test ANOVA (p<0,01) and Tukey?s test determined that all the experimental groups where the delimitation of the adhesive area was carried through presented lesser values of shear bond strength when compared with its respective control groups (without delimitation of adhesive area). Groups without area delimitation did not been demonstrate statistical significant differences between adhesives. On the other hand, when such delimitation was not carried through, the adhesive system Clearfil S3 Bond demonstrates greater values of shear bond strength compared to Adper Single 2 Bond and Clearfil SE Bond, which did not showed statistical difference between them. It was concluded that the delimitation of the adhesive area in the microshear test altered the obtained results of adhesive resistance, and that the modification of microshear test methodology was capable to modify the ranking of the analyzed adhesive systems.

Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2018-02-27T18:11:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Kevelin_Thiesen2017.pdf: 1442804 bytes, checksum: 8c958df12636d1ff3918d68d7e355aa7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-27T18:11:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Kevelin_Thiesen2017.pdf: 1442804 bytes, checksum: 8c958df12636d1ff3918d68d7e355aa7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Objective. To assess the influence of two etching times, three different cementation protocols, and thermal cycling aging on the bond strength between a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic and an adhesive resin cement. Method. Ceramic blocks were sectioned in 120 slices with thickness of 1.4 mm and randomly distributed in 12 groups (n = 10). After 5% hydrofluoric acid etching for 20 or 30 s, the adhesive area was delimited with a duct tape and silanized. Resin cement cylinders were cemented from a Teflon mold, following three different combinations: Silane (Si) + Cement (Ci), Si + Adhesive (Ad) + Ci, and Ad + Ci. After photopolymerization through the ceramic, the samples were stored in deionized water at 37°C for 7 days, and then subjected to the microshear bond strength test. Results. After the normality test, data were analyzed by ANOVA, showing statistical difference (p<0.01) for the three factors isolated, the double interaction between the factors of etching time and thermal cycling (p<0.05), and the triple interaction of the factors (p<0.05). Significance. The 5% hydrofluoric acid etching for 30 s and the use of the cementation protocol Scotchbond™ Universal Adhesive + RelyX™ Ultimate Cement presented higher adhesive bond strength after thermal aging, for Suprinity™ ceramics. / Objetivo. Avaliar a influência de, dois tempos de condicionamento ácido, três diferentes protocolos de cimentação e do envelhecimento por ciclagem térmica, na resistência de união entre a cerâmica de silicato de lítio reforçada com zircônia e um cimento resinoso adesivo. Método. Blocos cerâmicos foram seccionados em 120 fatias com 1,4 mm de espessura e distribuídos aleatoriamente em 12 grupos (n = 10). Após o condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico à 5% por 20 ou 30s, a área adesiva foi delimitada com fita isolante e silanizada. Cilindros de cimento resinoso foram cimentados a partir de uma matriz de teflon, seguindo três diferentes combinações: Silano (Si) + Cimento (Ci), Si + Adesivo (Ad) + Ci e Ad + Ci. Após a fotopolimerização através da cerâmica, as amostras foram armazenadas em água deionizada a 37o C durante 7 dias e então submetidas ao teste de resistência de união ao microcisalhamento. Resultados. Após teste de normalidade, os dados foram analizados pelo teste ANOVA mostrando que houve diferença estatística (p<0.01) para os três fatores isolados; para a interação dupla entre os fatores tempo de condicionamento ácido e termociclagem (p<0.05), e também para a interação tripla dos fatores (p<0.05). Significância. O condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico a 5% durante 30 s e a utilização do protocolo de cimentação Adesivo Scotchbond™ Universal + Cimento RelyX™ Ultimate, apresentou maior resistência de união adesiva após o envelhecimento térmico, para a cerâmica Suprinity®.

Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-28T12:46:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Carolina Bauer Godoy Veronese.pdf: 1949543 bytes, checksum: 5867490bfd176654b3782263890bdf9a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T12:46:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Carolina Bauer Godoy Veronese.pdf: 1949543 bytes, checksum: 5867490bfd176654b3782263890bdf9a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-23 / Objective: to assess the effect of different hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching times at concentrations of 5% and 10% on the bond strength of RelyX Ultimate resin cement to a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic of commercial brand Vita Suprinity (VS), for which the manufacturer recommends using 5% HF for 20". Method: experimental and completely randomized study with 8 treatments (n=8). Each ceramic sample was etched with hydrofluoric acid (HF) at different times and concentrations: 5% for 20, 30, 40, and 60 s, and 10% for 10, 20, 30, and 40 s; subjected to roughness (Ra) analysis, followed by the cementation protocol applying hydrofluoric acid, RelyX Ceramic Primer silane, Single Bond Universal adhesive, and RelyX Ultimate resin cement. Bond strength was assessed by the microshear test followed by fracture pattern analysis. Results: the 5%/20" treatment showed the statistically lowest bond strength of 21.96 MPa (p<0.01), differing from 10% HF treatment at the four times studied: 10" = 29.59 MPa, 20" = 29.77 MPa, 30" = 29.68 MPa, and 40" = 30.78 MPa (p<0.01). The 10%/40" treatment showed the highest bond strength (30.78 MPa), differing only from 5%/20" (21.96 MPa). The fracture pattern was predominantly adhesive. Conclusion: hydrofluoric acid etching increases surface roughness of the Vita Suprinity ceramic at both concentrations and their different times of exposure, showing significant differences in adhesive bond strength only when concentration and etching time vary widely, and with mostly adhesive rupture occurring in the adhesive interface. The concentration of 5% hydrofluoric acid for 30" or 10% for 10" or 20" showed higher bond strength than the manufacturer's protocol, but there were no wide and shallow porosities in SEM. This suggests the increase in exposure time recommended by the manufacturer from 20" to 30" or the use of higher concentrations of acid, such as 10% at 10" or 20", for more effective results. / Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de diferentes tempos de condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico (HF) nas concentrações de 5% e 10 % na resistência de união do cimento resinoso RelyX Ultimate a uma cerâmica de silicato de lítio reforçada com zircônia de nome comercial Vita Suprinity (VS), onde a indicação do fabricante é a utilização de HF a 5% durante um tempo de 20”. Metodologia: Estudo realizado com delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 8 tratamentos (n=8). Cada espécime de cerâmica foi condicionado com ácido fluorídrico (HF) em diferentes tempos e concentrações: 5% por 20, 30, 40 e 60 seg, e 10% por 10, 20, 30 e 40 seg; submetidas à análise da rugosidade (Ra), seguido pelo protocolo de cimentação empregando ácido fluorídrico, silano RelyX Ceramic Primer, adesivo Single Bond Universal e cimento resinoso RelyX Ultimate. A resistência de união foi avaliada pelo teste de microcisalhamento; seguido pela análise do padrão das fraturas. Resultados: O tratamento 5%/20” exibiu estatisticamente a menor resistência de união 21,96 MPa (p<0.01), diferindo do tratamento com HF a 10% nos quatro tempos estudados, 10” = 29,59 MPa, 20” = 29,77 Mpa, 30”= 29,68 Mpa e 40”= 30,78 Mpa (p<0.01); o tratamento 10%/40” exibiu a maior resistência de união (30,78 MPa), diferindo apenas do 5%/20” (21,96 MPa). O padrão de fraturas foi predominantemente adesivo. Conclusão: O condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico, em ambas concentrações e em seus diferentes tempos de exposição, aumenta a rugosidade da superfície da cerâmica Vita Suprinity, havendo diferenças significativas na resistência da união adesiva apenas quando a concentração e o tempo de condicionamento variam grandemente, e a maioria da ruptura foi adesiva, ocorrendo na interface do adesivo; com ácido fluorídrico na concentração de 5% durante 30” ou 10% por 10” ou 20” observou-se maior resistência de união do que o protocolo do fabricante, contudo sem observar porosidades amplas e rasas em MEV, sugerindo aumentarmos o tempo de exposição sugerido pelo fabricante de 20” para 30” ou utilizar ácido com concentração maior, como por exemplo 10% em 10” ou 20”, para resultados mais efetivos.

Orthodontic attachments must be able to bond to a wide range of tooth and prosthetic surfaces. Despite the high prevalence of fluorosis in many parts of South Africa (Louw A, Chikte U 1997), only limited information is available on the integrity of the bond between orthodontic brackets and fluorosed teeth. The objective of this study was to measure and compare Shear Bond Strengths (SBSs) of metal and ceramic orthodontic brackets on fluorosed and non-fluorosed teeth. One hundred and twenty (60 fluorosed and 60 non-fluorosed) extracted premolar teeth were divided into four groups A to D, consisting of 30 teeth in each group. BluGloo® was used as an orthodontic adhesive to bond brackets on the buccal surface of each tooth. The experimental groups consisted of Group A, in which Nu-Edge® metal brackets were used and Group B, in which InspireIce® ceramic brackets were bonded to fluorosed teeth. Group C and D consisted of Nu-Edge® metal brackets and InspireIce® ceramic respectively, bonded to non-fluorosed teeth. Bonding techniques were kept the same and standardised for all four groups. An Instron testing device was used to debond and measure the SBSs. SBSs were compared using ANOVA with posthoc analysis done using Dunnett’s C test for pairwise comparisons. Significance was set at P<0.05. The results showed that SBS of Group B>Group C>Group D>Group A. Ceramic brackets bonded to fluorosed teeth had the highest SBS with a mean of 15.78 (SD=9.07) Megapascals (MPa), while metal brackets bonded to fluorosed teeth produced the lowest SBS of 8.41 (SD=4.68) MPa. The SBSs of ceramic brackets bonded to fluorosed teeth was significantly higher than that of SBS of metal brackets bonded to fluorosed teeth, but not significantly different from SBSs obtained from either brackets bonded to non-flurosed teeth. The BluGloo adhesive if used to bond ceramic brackets to fluorosed teeth can produce adequate SBS for clinical use. The recommendation from this study is that ceramic brackets can be used efficiently to bond to fluorosed teeth. A follow up study should be carried out to assess the nature of enamel damage caused during debonding of flourosed teeth. This is a laboratory study and thus the clinical application should be interpreted with caution. / Dissertation (MChD)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Orthodontics / MChD / Unrestricted

A thesis submitted to the College of Dental Medicine of Nova Southeastern University of the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry. Objective: The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the effect of enamel deproteinization on the shear bond strength(SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded with a resin modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) adhesive and a composite resin, 2) to determine the mode of bond failure according to the adhesive remnant index (ARI) and 3) to evaluate the effect of these adhesives in the prevention of white spot lesions (WSLs). Background: WSLs are a concern for orthodontic patients. RMGI orthodontic adhesives are capable of absorbing fluoride from the oral environment and releasing it continuously over time, however, they are not frequently used as they exhibit low SBS. Techniques such as non-invasive enamel deproteinization with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite prior to acid etching rid the surface of organic components and have the potential to enhance the etching pattern. Methods: Eighty-eight extracted bovine incisors were randomly divided into two groups. 48 incisors in group (A) underwent SBS testing, through debonding of brackets with the Universal Testing Machine and subsequent measurement of the ARI. 40 incisors in group (B) underwent demineralization testing by measuring the depth of WSLs formed after exposure to an acidic challenge for 96 hours. In groups A and B, the teeth were divided to have brackets bonded with GC Fuji ORTHO™ LC adhesive or Transbond™ XT adhesive and a self-etching primer. Each adhesive group had an experimental group receiving the intervention of enamel deproteinization prior to etching and bonding and a control group. Results: The highest mean SBS was observed in the Transbond™ XT control group (12.48 ± 6.23 MPa) and the lowest mean SBS was observed in the Fuji ORTHO™ experimental group (5.49 ± 2.97 MPa). ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey tests revealed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in the SBS of both Fuji ORTHO™ groups compared to the Transbond™ XT control group. A significantly greater percentage of Transbond™ XT control teeth had an ARI score of 0 and a greater percentage of Fuji ORTHO™ experimental teeth had an ARI score of 3. The Transbond™ XT experimental group had the largest average demineralization lesions (62.97 ± 10.95 micrometers). The smallest lesion depths were found in the Fuji ORTHO™ groups, with an average of 7.74 micrometers in the experimental group and 6.57 micrometers in the control group. ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey tests revealed significant differences (p<0.001) in the depth of white spot lesions when comparing both composite resin groups to each other, and when each glass ionomer group was compared to each composite resin group. Conclusions: Enamel deproteinization did not increase the SBS of orthodontic brackets bonded with either Fuji ORTHO™ adhesive or Transbond™ XT adhesive. However, according to the ARI, more bond failures occurred at the bracket-adhesive interface in the Fuji ORTHO™ experimental group. Also, both Fuji ORTHO™ adhesive groups showed greater protection against enamel demineralization, when compared to the Transbond™ XT adhesive groups.

The effect on shear bond strength of bracket movement after seating the brackets and before light curing has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of linear and rotational pre-cure bracket movement on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. 100 extracted human maxillary premolars were divided into 5 groups of 20 teeth each. The control group was bonded with no pre-cure bracket movement, and test groups were bonded with pre-cure bracket movement of 2 mm, 4 mm, 45¢ª or 180¢ª. Debonding force was measured with an Instron universal testing machine. Results were analyzed by ANOVA. Weibull survival analysis was used to determine the force required to produce a 5% bracket failure rate. Differences in the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) were analyzed by chi-square. No significant differences between groups were found for the mean shear bond strength or Weibull estimates. ARI scores differed significantly.

Objetivos: O propósito deste estudo foi o de avaliar, quanto à resistência ao cisalhamento, o comportamento de quatro sistemas adesivos, Adper Single Bond 2, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Magic Bond DE e Self Etch Bond em função das faces vestibulares e linguais e da profundidade da dentina. Material e Método: Quarenta terceiros molares extraídos tiveram suas raízes removidas e as coroas seccionadas no sentido mésio-distal. As faces vestibulares e linguais foram incluídas em anel de PVC/resina acrílica e divididas em grupos, um vestibular e um lingual para cada adesivo selecionado. Para se avaliar as diferentes profundidades de dentina, os mesmos corpos-de-prova preparados para a avaliação da resistência adesiva da camada superficial foram utilizados. Os espécimes foram então identificados e desgastados, posterior e seqüencialmente, para as profundidades de 0,5, 1,0, 1,5, 2,0mm. Cada profundidade foi avaliada por meio do método de cisalhamento ISO TR 11405, usando uma máquina universal de testes (EMIC-2000), regulada a 0,5mm/minuto e célula de carga de 200 Kgf. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística de variância (Testes ANOVA, Tukey e Scheffé). Resultados: Houve diferença estatística significante (p<0,01) para dois fatores de variação (adesivo e profundidade) e para a interação adesivo x profundidade (p<0,01). O adesivo Adper Single Bond 2, apresentou maiores valores em relação aos outros três adesivos. O adesivo Adper Prompt L-Pop, autocondicionante teve valores maiores que o adesivo autocondicionante e também o de condicionamento total da Vigodent. Enquanto que, o Self Etch Bond, apresentou os menores valores de resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento em relação aos demais sistemas adesivos. Conclusões: Baseado nestes achados pode-se concluir que a resistência ao cisalhamento da dentina é dependente do sistema adesivo utilizado, da profundidade do substrato e da interação entre estes dois fatores. / Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentin shear bond strength of four adhesive systems: Adper Single Bond 2, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond related to buccal and lingual surfaces and dentin depth. Material and Methods: Fourty extracted third molars had the roots removed and the crowns bisected on the mesio-distal direction. The buccal and lingual surfaces were included in PVC/acrylic resin ring and divided into buccal and lingual groups to each selected adhesives. The same specimens prepared to evaluation of superficial shear resistance were used in order to evaluate the different depths of dentin. The specimens were identified and abraded at depths of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0mm. Each depth was evaluated by ISO TR 11405, using an EMIC-2000 machine regulated at 0.5mm/min and 200 Kgf of cell load. The results were submitted to statistical analysis (ANOVA, Tukey and Scheffé Tests). Results: Data showed statistical differences to adhesive and depth variation factors (p<0,01) and to adhesive/depth (p<0,01) interaction. The Adper Single Bond 2 showed highest mean values of shear bond strength. The Adper Prompt L-Pop, a self-etching adhesive, showed higher mean values compared to Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond, a total and self etching adhesives, respectivelly. Conclusions: Based on these findings it can be concluded that the shear bond strength of dentin is dependent on material (adhesive system), substrate depth and the adhesive/depth interaction.

Objetivos: O propósito deste estudo foi o de avaliar, quanto à resistência ao cisalhamento, o comportamento de quatro sistemas adesivos, Adper Single Bond 2, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Magic Bond DE e Self Etch Bond em função das faces vestibulares e linguais e da profundidade da dentina. Material e Método: Quarenta terceiros molares extraídos tiveram suas raízes removidas e as coroas seccionadas no sentido mésio-distal. As faces vestibulares e linguais foram incluídas em anel de PVC/resina acrílica e divididas em grupos, um vestibular e um lingual para cada adesivo selecionado. Para se avaliar as diferentes profundidades de dentina, os mesmos corpos-de-prova preparados para a avaliação da resistência adesiva da camada superficial foram utilizados. Os espécimes foram então identificados e desgastados, posterior e seqüencialmente, para as profundidades de 0,5, 1,0, 1,5, 2,0mm. Cada profundidade foi avaliada por meio do método de cisalhamento ISO TR 11405, usando uma máquina universal de testes (EMIC-2000), regulada a 0,5mm/minuto e célula de carga de 200 Kgf. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística de variância (Testes ANOVA, Tukey e Scheffé). Resultados: Houve diferença estatística significante (p<0,01) para dois fatores de variação (adesivo e profundidade) e para a interação adesivo x profundidade (p<0,01). O adesivo Adper Single Bond 2, apresentou maiores valores em relação aos outros três adesivos. O adesivo Adper Prompt L-Pop, autocondicionante teve valores maiores que o adesivo autocondicionante e também o de condicionamento total da Vigodent. Enquanto que, o Self Etch Bond, apresentou os menores valores de resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento em relação aos demais sistemas adesivos. Conclusões: Baseado nestes achados pode-se concluir que a resistência ao cisalhamento da dentina é dependente do sistema adesivo utilizado, da profundidade do substrato e da interação entre estes dois fatores. / Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentin shear bond strength of four adhesive systems: Adper Single Bond 2, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond related to buccal and lingual surfaces and dentin depth. Material and Methods: Fourty extracted third molars had the roots removed and the crowns bisected on the mesio-distal direction. The buccal and lingual surfaces were included in PVC/acrylic resin ring and divided into buccal and lingual groups to each selected adhesives. The same specimens prepared to evaluation of superficial shear resistance were used in order to evaluate the different depths of dentin. The specimens were identified and abraded at depths of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0mm. Each depth was evaluated by ISO TR 11405, using an EMIC-2000 machine regulated at 0.5mm/min and 200 Kgf of cell load. The results were submitted to statistical analysis (ANOVA, Tukey and Scheffé Tests). Results: Data showed statistical differences to adhesive and depth variation factors (p<0,01) and to adhesive/depth (p<0,01) interaction. The Adper Single Bond 2 showed highest mean values of shear bond strength. The Adper Prompt L-Pop, a self-etching adhesive, showed higher mean values compared to Magic Bond DE and Self Etch Bond, a total and self etching adhesives, respectivelly. Conclusions: Based on these findings it can be concluded that the shear bond strength of dentin is dependent on material (adhesive system), substrate depth and the adhesive/depth interaction.

The aim and objective of this study was to determine the bond strength of a twostep and a single-step dentin bonding agent and to determine the effect of repeated thermal-cycling from 50C and 550C on the bond strength values of these dentin bonding agents.

The aim and objective of this study was to determine the bond strength of a twostep and a single-step dentin bonding agent and to determine the effect of repeated thermal-cycling from 50C and 550C on the bond strength values of these dentin bonding agents.