No abstract available. / Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2004.

Recreational shopping has long been of interest to business academics and practitioners, but research on it has been underdeveloped in the leisure field. Although the leisure literature and business literature represent distinct perspectives, there appears to be many significant parallels between recreational shopping and leisure. The purpose of this study was to examine the intrinsic meanings of shopping; to explore the experiential aspects of the recreational shopping experience (including the influences of the retail environment on individuals who regularly engage in recreational shopping). This study took place in Toronto, Ontario. The sample included five female self-proclaimed recreational shoppers. The researcher accompanied each participant on a shopping excursion which took place at a shopping mall selected by the participant. Data were collected through three qualitative methods. First, participant observation involved the researcher walking alongside the participant as she shopped. Following the shopping session, the researcher conducted an in-depth face-to-face interview with each participant; the interview was guided by a set of open-ended questions. In addition, this study utilized photo-elicitation in which the participants were asked to photograph ‘anything’ that made an impression during their visit to the mall. The photographs offered tangible illustrations of shopping experiences and were used as a catalyst for discussion during the interviews. The data was analyzed using Grounded Theory coding which lead to the identification of two main themes and six respective subthemes. The emergent themes are all connected to the key idea that shoppers are motivated by their expectations and desires when they partake in the recreational shopping activity. Shopping offers numerous opportunities that provide immediate hedonic pleasure as well as intrinsic rewards. Such opportunities often include, the ‘before and after’ phases of experiences of acquisition and unexpected discoveries, the positive interactions which occur both inside and outside a retail environment, and lastly, the individual’s use of shopping as a means of self-expression and a tool to manage their self image. Satisfaction, spontaneity, familiarity, mastery, accomplishment, and feelings of escape were all present in these shopping experiences. The findings also described the role of shopping malls as a leisure space and as facilitators of recreational shopping activities. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that shopping can offer a profound leisure experience for many people and the activity should not only be researched in terms of just ‘recreational shopping’ or ‘utilitarian shopping.’ Rather, the findings indicate several overlaps between the two types of shopping and further research is needed to more fully understand the complexities of the activity.

This study examines the online shopping behaviour of 142 international university students (IUSs) within the context of a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Results indicate that perceived entertainment outweighs the impact of perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived self-efficacy (PSE) on attitude towards online shopping (ATT). Perceived risk (PR) was not related to ATT and ATT and behavioural intentions (BI) did not influence actual behaviour. Experience was strongly related to ATT, but demographics have little influence on TAM measures. Entertainment and usefulness were the primary motives for IUSs to shop online. The findings of this study could help universities and e-retailers develop guidelines to ensure a safe and attractive e-shopping experience for IUSs.

No description available.

No description available.

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Šiame baigiamajame bakalauro darbe projektuoju visuomeninės paskirties pastatą prekybos centrą „Dagas“ Kelmėje. Architektūrinėje dalyje aprašomas architektūrinis erdvinis – planinis bei konstruktyvinis pastato sprendimas. Konstrukcinėje dalyje projektuojamas polinis pamatas, surenkama gelžbetoninė perdangos plokštė ir metalinė santvara.Technologinėje ir ekonominėje dalyje sudaroma žemės darbų technologinė kortelė, paskaičiuojami žemės darbų kiekiai ir paskaičiuojama lokalinė žemės darbų samata. Šildymo dalyje apskaičiuojami pastato administracinių patalpų šilumos nuostoliai per atitvaras, parenkami radiatoriai, šilumos šaltinis. / There are describing the architectural spatial – target and constructive solution of building in the architectural part. There are projecting a pile foundation, assembled overlay plate of reinforced concrete and truss of steel in the constructive part. There are forming a technological card, calculating quantities and a local estimate of ground works in the technological economic part. There are calculating the heat loss through the walls of the building administrative facilities, selecting radiators and a heat source in the thermal part.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Preisvergleich zwischen Online-Shops und traditionellen Geschäften. In einigen Studien wurde bisher versucht, Preisunterschiede zwischen online und traditionellen Geschäften nachzuweisen, um die These, dass Online-Märkte aufgrund höherer Transparenz und niedrigerer Transaktionskosten effizienter sind, zu bestätigen. Studien untersuchten bisher Produktgruppen wie CDs und Bücher. In dieser Studie beschäftigen wir uns mit dem bisher noch nicht untersuchten Spieleeinzelhandel und konzentrieren uns dabei auf den österreichischen Markt. Es soll untersucht werden, ob der österreichische Markt ähnliche oder andere Ergebnisse liefert als die bisher untersuchten Märkte (hauptsächlich im nordamerikanischen Raum). Die Untersuchung zeigt folgendes: Die Preise für Spiele sind im elektronischen Markt um ca. 20 Prozent niedriger als im traditionellen Markt. Die Preisstreuungen im elektronischen und traditionellen Markt unterscheiden sich nicht signifikant. Beide Ergebnisse decken sich mit den Ergebnissen anderer Studien. Damit ist der österreichische Online-Brettspieleinzelhandel ähnlich entwickelt wie der Online-Handel in anderen Ländern und für andere Produktgruppen. (Autorenref.) / Series: Working Papers on Information Systems, Information Business and Operations

Located in the Columbus, Ohio, Graceland typifies all the qualities of a dying urban shopping plaza. High amounts of abandoned retail space, a vast sea of parking and undefined vehicular paths create an uninviting public space, while the lack of pedestrian passages, appropriate amounts of shade and connections to natural features contribute to its acerbic character.This revitalization proposal will apply pedestrian scale design strategies to this urban plaza in an effort to increase its accessibility to both pedestrians and cars, promote an atmosphere of comfort and environmental engagement while allowing opportunities for economic growth and stability. The first design goal is the retrofit of the parking and access to encourage walking while still allowing the convenient passage of the automobile. The second design goal is the creation of a compact, mixed-use region with a transportation stop as its anchor. The third design goal is the provision of plan that allows the car but in a manner that protects the needs of the pedestrian. / Department of Landscape Architecture