The thesis is specialized on issue of influence of not only TV advertising on adult consumers, especially from the point of view of psychology. At first, in the theoretical part, besides the important characteristics of advertising and marketing communication, the thesis deals with basic milestones in the history of advertising and its connection with psychology. The next chapters are focused on models of consumer behavior and the personal characteristics of consumers are analyzed on the base of their main sociocultural characteristics. Attention is also paid to the important psychological concepts associated with advertising such as perception, attention, memory, association and forgetting. Part of the thesis focuses on emotional advertising appeals and it devotes with the effects of emotions, colours and humor in advertising on consumers. Practical part of the thesis is based on quantitative research, which confirms or rejects the theoretical background. Effect of emotions is illustrated on a selected TV commercial, which is part of a questionnaire filled in by respondents from the Highland region and South Bohemia region.

Diploma thesis is focused on the behavior of the visitors of the Shopping Center Géčko. In the theoretical part, there are explained the basic terms from the domain of customer behavior and there is also the specification of shopping centers. The practical part contains quantitative research. The main purpose of this thesis is to propose recommendations for the management of the shopping center based on the results of the questionnaire.

The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of FMCG (fast-moving-consumer-goods) shopping behavior and the retail chain positioning. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the correspondence of the shopping behavior and the retail chain positioning for given retail chains. The analysis of shopping behavior is based on the questionnaire based on the representative sample of 4000 respondents. The shopping behavior is described with regard to seven segments defined by the Incoma GfK research agency. Two methods of shopping behavior are described in the thesis. The first one is the method based on the personally defined sorting rules created according to several questions selected from the questionnaire, and the second one that is based on the factor and cluster analysis. The self-created evaluating scale has been used to evaluate an influence of selected questions to segments viewed. In a similar way, the retail chains positionings have been determined based on the available data (opening hours , price level, provided services etc.). The correspondence of individual retail chain positioning and shopping behavior is evaluated in the conclusion.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of psychographic (shopping orientation, lifestyle, social class), demographic (gender, ethnicity, age), and geographic (area of residence) variables on time-related shopping behaviors when shopping for clothing for the self. The concept of time-related shopping behaviors has not been the focus of any study of the American market. Data (N = 550) were collected via a questionnaire with an online survey company. Through analysis of chi square statistics, ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and factor analysis, it was found that psychographics and demographics affected time-related and other shopping behaviors. Geographics was found to affect shopping behavior, but not specifically the time-related shopping behaviors studied.

The incremental awareness ofenvironmental issues and sustainability has shifted the retail industryin past years. Consumers are increasingly demanding for sustainable products and services and consequently, companies need to address customers’ demands to maintain their profitability. One of the most sustainable consumption patterns is thrift shopping which has several economic, social, and environmental benefits. Despite the huge sustainable benefits of secondhand shopping,only a few studies investigated the behavior of thrift shoppers to identify determinants or barriers to their secondhand purchase behavior. This study is going to address this gap in the literature by extending the theory of planned behavior in the context of secondhand shopping. This leadsto three research questions which provide a strong theoretical and practical contribution to the secondhand shopping literature:RQ1: How large is the gap between the intention and the behavior of consumers buying secondhand products?RQ2: Is the gap more contributed by those who intend to buy them while they do not so, or those who intend not to buy them but do so?RQ3: What are the determinants ofpurchasing secondhand products?This study aims at investigating Swedish consumers’ secondhand purchasing behavior regardingsecondhand household durables. A quantitative research approach was adopted using a self-administered survey among 179respondents.The main findings of this study state that there is a positive gap between secondhand purchase intention and behavior. Inclined abstainers whose intention to buy secondhand products is higher than their thrift shopping behavior coverthe largestshare of the respondent in this study. Additionally, the results of this study posit that thrift shoppers’ attitude toward used goodsand thrift shopping, their past experience of secondhand shopping, social norms and peer pressure, trust in the performance of used products, product availability and shoppers’ access to thrift stores, and thrift shoppers’ perceived value are the positive determinants of thrift shopping behavior through the mediation role of purchase intention. Conversely,thethrift shoppers’ perception of the risks associated with used products negatively impacts on their secondhand shopping behavior.

Online shopping is rapidly expanding across the globe including developing markets. The consumer is under the perception of different types of risks associated with online shopping which may damage him. For that matter, researchers have continuously made efforts to investigate different types of perceived risks to establish and correct for consumer and societal benefits. After review of the research articles, some gaps were observed; 1) previous studies treat buyers and non-buyers in the same way as a single unit and there is no comparison among them, 2) most of the studies are quantitative thus focusing on the measurement of the responses yet there is a lack of qualitative work which may express how these people are affected, 3) there is a lack of documentation of personal bad experiences of online buyers (non-buyers), 4) customer service and complaint handling are not exposed to existential confirmation and research in academic studies, and 5) most of the studies reviewed for this research are based on a ‘special segment’ of students aged 18-34, contributing from 65% to 93% of responses which give biased results. To do the research the theory of Perceived Risks was used as a frame of reference to develop an analysis model with Consumer Behavior Theory in the context for online shopping.This study took on these areas and a Quasi-qualitative approach was used including Quasi-statistics by making a purposeful sample based on convenience and snow-ball techniques to fulfill the purpose of the study. A total of 11 one-on-one interviews were made to conclude seeing saturation level. Study shows that i) buyers and non-buyers are two different units of the population with different but comparable attitudes ii) despite perception of risks, buyers continue to keep shopping online, iii) non-buyers have either a bad subjective experience or have technological problem and they are aged more than 30, iv) the bad experiences of buyers and (currently) non-buyers tell about card hacking, bad product, non-delivery, and theft, v) customer service and complaint handling both, are areas which have poor quality and bad coordination, and vi) a new construct of perceived risks, ‘dream-damage’ is found in the context of online shopping.

Aeronautical revenue from landing and handling charges to carriers is falling significantly below 60% of total revenue and will not persist as the main source of income for airports. Airports in Europe cannot continue to rely on profits from airlines; operating companies need to improve the competitiveness through commercial income from different traveler types. The purpose of this multiple case study was to understand the elements of successful sales strategies by concessionaires (retailers) at the metropolitan airport system of Zurich and Basel in hopes of improving the nonaeronautical revenue from leisure travelers, a price-sensitive customer segment. The conceptual framework was corporate strategic planning with the underlying concept of sustainable business operations. Semistructured interviews included 9 executives and senior managers of concessions and retail operations at Zurich International and Basel EuroAirport, and covered major themes such as managing the shopping experience of passengers as well as collaboration between concessionaires, airports, and airlines. The key findings, which emerged from an inductive analysis of the data, were that the identification of personalized offerings and the inclusion of individual travelers' needs are required to ensure a flexible approach by each airport and shop location throughout the terminal. The collected data contained indicators for holistic and targeted concepts by retail concessions in cooperation with airport stakeholders. Social implications include sustainable retail strategies by promoting value adding products and services, improving the passenger's travel experience, and ensuring the profitability of concessionaires in a changing aviation market.

The purpose of this study is to examine and investigate if there has been a growth within the second hand industry during the pandemic and if so, investigate what factors there are that have contributed to the growth. The target group of this study is within generation Z and their view on second hand. The study is based on the number of gaps that had been identified with help on earlier research on the subject. Numerous people in the literature and articles are eager to present that the second hand market has increased, but why it has increased and what has caused generation Z to shop more second hand is more challenging to answer. Furthermore, an analysis has been conducted in order to cover the gaps that have been identified. The study is based on a quantitative study with generation Z as respondents. The results from this study shows that the generation has begun to shop more second hand over the last years than they have been doing before. This is due to the fact that the generation is very active on social media where second hand has become a trend. New websites have emerged and it has become increasingly accessible to find good second hand bargains. It has also become increasingly common to seek inspiration on social media to find a foundation where they can express themselves with clothes and products. The results also show that there is a growing interest in products that are sustainable and environmentally conscious. It can be said that there are a number of factors that have played a major role in the growth of the second hand industry.

This study used personal interviews with Turkish female grocery shoppers to determine their shopping behaviors and attitudes. The sample was divided into two groups: deliberate and nondeliberate shoppers. The two groups were then compared in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, importance placed on patronage motives, purchase location of selected grocery products, and their attitudinal orientations. Results are outlined and implications discussed.

Le secteur de la distribution est marqué, depuis quelques années, par de nombreuses transformations dues à une concurrence accrue, un contexte de crise économique caractérisé par une baisse du pouvoir d'achat et, surtout, par l’évolution des comportements des consommateurs. Face à ces évolutions, les enseignes de distribution ont cherché à faire évoluer leur regard du produit à la relation avec de nouvelles offres de lieux de vente. L’objectif de cette recherche est de montrer comment l’individu perçoit la valeur de l’expérience de magasinage et dans quelle mesure elle peut influencer sa fidélité à l’enseigne. Une échelle de mesure de la valeur perçue de l’expérience de magasinage a été développée et testée dans un contexte de grande distribution française auprès de 371 clients. Elle met en exergue quatre facettes de la valeur perçue : la valeur utilitaire, la valeur hédonique, la valeur sociale et la valeur altruiste. Nos résultats montrent que la valeur de l’expérience de magasinage a un pouvoir explicatif du comportement de fidélité à l’égard de l’enseigne de distribution. / The current context in which the retailers operate is characterized by many transformations due to increased competition, an economic crisis characterized by a decline in purchasing power and, particularly, by changes in consumer behavior. Responses to these developments, retailers have evolved their product orientation to the relationship with new stores’ offers. The objective of this research is to show how a customer perceives the value of the shopping experience and to what extent it can influence his loyalty to the brand. A scale measuring the perceived value of the shopping experience was developed and tested in the context of French retailing with 371 customers. It highlights four aspects of perceived value: the utilitarian value, hedonic value, social value and altruistic value. Our results show that the value of the shopping experience has an impact of behavioral loyalty towards the retail brand.