Brain injury affects nearly 1.5 million people in the United States every year and estimated that 124,000 of those affected will have some form of long-term disability. Impaired Self Awareness (ISA) has been identified as one of the largest obstacles to successful brain injury rehabilitation and adaption to living with a brain injury. Research on the relationship between the awareness of individuals with acquired brain injury (IwABI) and their significant others has been inconsistent. This study examined the role IwABI and their significant others perception concordance&mdashagreement concerning functioning&mdashhas on maintenance of rehabilitation gains at a follow-up date after completion of adolescent brain injury rehabilitation services. Contrary to the hypotheses, the data showed a strong correlation (.872, p&le.01) and significant relationship (t=35, p&le.001) between IwABI and their significant others Functional Area Outcomes Menu (FAOM) scores at follow-up. There was no relationship between functioning at discharge and perception concordance at follow-up or time post-discharge and perception concordance at follow-up. Several explanations for the findings are provided along with suggestions for future investigation of the research subject.

Notre recherche aborde l’énigme de l’Autre sexe. Si chez Freud, la question féminine a été traitée par le manque, chez Lacan elle a été traitée par l’absence. La féminité, la sexualité féminine, le féminin sont autant d’écritures de Lⱥ femme. Du manque phallique à l’absence du signifiant, notre parcours nous conduit logiquement vers de nouvelles voies, vers S(Ⱥ), ce qui ne sera pas sans incidences sur la clinique contemporaine - montée au zénith de l’objet, inclusion de plus en plus systématique de l’Imaginaire dans le Symbolique et règne de la jouissance. Nous interprétons l’absence du signifiant - chez la femme - comme un « signifiant forclos », qui se loge dans l’Autre (Ⱥ) et nous avançons que cette interprétation a des implications cliniques, éthiques et politiques pour la clinique lacanienne. Le « brouillage généralisée » propre à notre époque demande en effet un ordonnancement et des conditions épistémologiques, cliniques et politiques pour les analystes qui ont à « rejoindre la subjectivité de notre époque ». Notre recherche s’ouvre sur la différence de ce féminin intrinsèquement inconsistant avec l’inconsistance propre à notre époque - où le sujet est pris par la prééminence de l’image et du virtuel. Le féminin relève d’une question du parlêtre et traite la singularité dans sa forme la plus radicale. Tout être parlant est confronté à cette absence de signifiant, mais la réponse qu’un sujet peut donner à cette question s’avère des plus singulières. Si le féminin est décrit comme ce qui échappe au champ de la représentation, le féminin implique la manière avec laquelle l’être parlant invente une réponse à ce qui lui échappe / Our research addresses the enigma of the Other sex. If, for Freud, the question of the feminine was treated as a lack, in Lacan’s work it was treated as an absence. Femininity, feminine sexuality, and the feminine are all writings of the woman. From phallic lack to the absence of the signifier, our journey logically leads us to new paths, towards S(Ⱥ), which will not be without consequences on the contemporary clinic – the climbing to the zenith of the object, the increasing inclusion of the Imaginary in the Symbolic and the reign of the jouissance. We interpret the absence of the signifier - in the woman - as a “foreclosed signifier", lodged in the Other, and we argue that this interpretation has clinical, ethical and political implications for the Lacanian clinic. The “generalized jamming” of our time demands, in fact, a (re)scheduling and epistemological, clinical and political conditions for analysts who have to deal with the "subjectivity of our time". Our research problematizes the difference between this feminine and the inconsistencies of our time - where the subject is absorbed by the pre-eminence of the image and the virtual. The feminine refers to a question of the parlêtre and treats singularity in its most radical form. Every speaking being is confronted with this absence of signifiers, but the answer that a subject can give to this question proves to be very singular. If the feminine is described as that which escapes the field of representation, the feminine implies the manner in which the speaking being invents an answer to that which escapes him or her.

A Biologia hoje é a mais comentada ciência e a que ocupa maior espaço na mídia. No entanto, isso não significa que os conceitos biológicos sejam de conhecimento público, nem tampouco dos estudantes de Biologia. Para analisar o conhecimento de conceitos fundamentais de Genética, Biologia Molecular e Biologia celular apresentado por graduandos do último ano de Cursos Superiores de Ciências Biológicas é que realizamos esse trabalho de pesquisa. Iniciamos o trabalho com a seleção das questões do Exame Nacional de Cursos de Biologia (Provão) do ano de 2002 que abordavam conceitos de Genética e disciplinas correlatas, analisamos o relatório do ENC-BIO/2002 expedido pelo MEC, aplicamos questionários com as questões analisadas do ENC-BIO/2002 em 72 estudantes do último ano dos cursos de Ciências Biológicas, realizamos 33 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com estudantes do último ano dos cursos de Ciências Biológicas e, por fim, analisamos os resultados apresentados pelo relatório do MEC e das entrevistas realizadas. Concluímos que os estudantes não chegam a alcançar os objetivos que a ele são atribuídos pelo MEC, no que diz respeito à Genética e disciplinas correlatas e a maioria apresenta aprendizagem mecânica. / Biology today is the most talked about science and also the one which gets the largest media coverage. However, that doesn\'t mean that the biological concepts are of public knowledge, neither are they of knowledge of Biology students. The main objective of this research work is to analyze the knowledge of fundamental concepts of Genetics, Molecular Biology and Cellular Biology of undergraduate students, who were majoring in Biological Sciences, in their senior year. We began our work with some selected questions from the National Exam of Biology Courses (?Provão?) for 2002, we chose the ones which involved concepts of Genetics and other correlated disciplines, we analyzed the ENC-BIO/2002 report prepared by the MEC, we prepared questionnaires with the analyzed questions from the ENC-BIO/2002 and distributed them to 72 senior students who were majoring in Biological Sciences, we conducted 33 semi-structured interviews with senior students majoring in Biological Sciences and, finally, we analyzed the results presented by the MEC report and by the interviews. We concluded that the students did not achieve their goals, which were established by the MEC. These goals were related to Genetics and other correlated disciplines and most of them demonstrated only a mechanical learning.

This thesis explored significant other responses to CFS/ME in association with patient illness outcomes and symptom maintenance utilising a multi-method approach; a systematic review, cross-sectional, longitudinal and momentary methods were included. The review identified empirical evidence for two potential interpersonal mechanisms. The evidence suggested that significant other beliefs and responses, dyadic relationship quality, and patient outcomes associated with each mechanism were different. Dyadic belief incongruence was also highlighted as important with respect to relationship quality. Thus, potential research questions and current methodological limitations were identified; the subsequent empirical papers presented attempted to address these. The first empirical study (Chapter 3) utilised the Expressed Emotion (EE) framework to investigate the impact of critical comments and EOI; no cross-sectional associations between EE and patient outcomes were observed. A longitudinal design was also employed to examine the predictive validity of EE. Longitudinally, high critical comments predicted higher fatigue severity; further analyses indicated that depression mediated this relationship. High EOI was also predictive of higher fatigue severity at follow-up. This was the first study to examine EE within a CFS/ME sample; the longitudinal impact of high-EE upon patient outcomes suggests that it is a potentially beneficial target for future interventions. Paper 2 (Chapter 4) sought to examine the factors that might contribute to significant other EE by examining significant other illness beliefs and dyadic belief incongruence. The results indicated that significant others rated as high-EE had stronger illness models, more negative beliefs about the consequences associated with the condition, and negative emotional representations. These findings identify those beliefs that may be particularly important for high-EE within the current patient group. Overall dyadic belief incongruence was not important for EE-rating; high-EE dyads reported similar illness beliefs, whilst low-EE significant others reported more optimistic beliefs about the condition. These findings suggest that optimistic beliefs about the condition may be better for both significant other and patient outcomes. The final empirical study (Chapter 5) examined the associations between significant other negative and solicitous responses and fluctuations in patient illness outcomes on a momentary basis. The impact of significant other responses was largely transitory; changes in patient outcomes did not extend past the current momentary assessment. Negative significant other responses were associated with momentary increases in symptom severity; patient distress partially mediated this relationship. Patient-perceived solicitous responses were associated with increased activity limitation, but reduced disability reported at the same momentary assessment. These results suggest that momentary reports capture more dynamic processes than observed in traditional cross-sectional analyses. Taken together, the findings presented within this thesis provide further evidence for the impact of significant other factors on patient outcomes. The evidence for the hypothesised mechanism associated with critical EE was consistent throughout studies. However, the evidence for the role of EOI currently requires further exploration. Finally, the results suggest that the development of significant other-focussed interventions may be beneficial for both patient and significant other outcomes.

The thesis is focused on the evaluation of investments in assosiations using the equity method. The main objective was to analyze the different approaches to reporting in the Czech regulations and IFRS. The conclusion focuses on the deferred tax evaluation of the equity in the financial statement. It briefly deals with the historical development of the equity method.The procedures in this thesis are based primarily on the current IFRS and Czech regulations.

Freshwater burrowing mussels (unionids) play a vital role in freshwater ecosystems through nutrient cycling and promoting biodiversity. They have unique life histories directly related to aquatic vertebrates during an obligate parasitic larval stage, known as glochidia. Human interference has largely impacted mussel populations causing them to become the most endangered group of animals in North America. Genetic data has revealed taxonomic issues related to valve morphology, such as valve plasticity and cryptic speciation, that has caused identification issues in the field. Using both genetic and morphometric methods, I determined the phylogenetic placement of an isolated population of mussels within the tribe Lampsilini. I also investigated whether this population was a morph of a previously known Lampsilin species or if they were worthy of being treated as an evolutionarily significant unit (ESU) or an undescribed species. In addition, I expanded the known phylogeny of Lampsilin by including three species (Lampsilis fasciola, Lampsilis hydiana, Ligumia subrostrata) not included in previous phylogenies. Genetic analysis involved sequencing cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 16s ribosomal RNA (rrnL) genes and producing maximum likelihood trees with bootstrap values for each gene individually and combined. Genetic results showed that an population from an isolated pond (named Junk Pond in this study) were closely related to members of the genus Ligumia (pondmussels), with Ligumia subrostrata being their closest relative. Morphologically, these Junk Pond mussels were noticeably different from other Ligumia species, so genetic and morphometric data was used to try and characterize this population of mussels from Junk Pond. The genetic distance between these two groups, measured using K2P distance method, were like the distances of other known sister species within Lampsilini. Morphometric analysis involved landmark and semi-landmark analyses to quantify the differences of the internal and external shapes of the shell, respectively, and determine differences that could be species defining characteristics. Landmark analysis results showed that Ligumia subrostrata and the Junk Pond mussels had similar internal valve structures though semi-landmark results showed differences among all groups including L. subrostrata and the Junk Pond mussels. I determined that this isolated population, due to its geographic isolation, genetic differences, variant shell morphology, and limited population size, should be treated as an ESU. The expanded Lampsilin tree showed a few differences involving Ligumia nasuta that did not support a previously published tree. Many other relationships within this phylogeny agreed with previously published works. The isolated population of the Junk Pond mussels are worthy of future research using more genetic data, such as COI, and morphometric work involving other Lampsilin members in order to conclude whether this group are worthy of being recognized as an undescribed species.

In an attempt to preserve research integrity, the aim of this study is to examine how often statistical results are being misrepresented in empirical studies by using terms such as “marginally significant,” “approached significance,” or “trend toward significance” when interpreting findings. The use of these terms gives ambiguous significance to results that are in fact nonsignificant, which threatens future research by contributing to issues such as the replication crisis. For this study, data were coded from 437 empirical articles published online in The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JPSP) over a 4-year period between 2017 and 2020. According to our findings, although misrepresentation of statistical results are prevalent within JPSP articles, rates decreased significantly over the four-year time period examined. Additionally, as the number of studies published in JPSP increased each year during the four-year period examined, there may be a potential rise in representatively sound studies and decrease of misrepresentation within this discipline.

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Legislative productivity has been a much debated topic by congressional researchers. The legislative branch of the federal government is considered the people's branch because it is the only branch that is freely elected making it the most easily accountable to the general public. In addition, because the Founders of the United States talk about it first and because they talk about it the most, it is quite reasonable to assume that they meant for the legislature to be the supreme branch of government. It is therefore important to understand what factors can account for the productivity of Congress, over time. In an effort to understand what makes Congress most relevant and effective a measure of significant legislation had to be created. This thesis is unique because it develops a new measure of topical legislative output. The Congressional Digest, a journal that focuses on one salient issue facing the nation each month, is used to determine a salient and relevant legislative agenda. Ultimately, this thesis is testing whether legislation that is discussed by the Congressional Digest is addressed by legislation. More specifically, legislative productivity for this research is defined as a law being passed after the Congressional Digest raises awareness on the issue, and before the Congress in question, adjourns sine die. The Congressional Digest has been published continuously since 1921 which defines the starting point of the research. In order to allow sufficient time to track the success of the legislative initiatives discussed in the journal, which is still in print, the investigation will stop with the last issue in 2004. The new dependent variable was tested using existing variables found in the academic literature on legislative gridlock. Variables such the percentage of moderates in Congress and presidential honeymoons perform as expected; both are associated with less gridlock. Interestingly, the variable testing the change of majority power in Congress produced an effect, opposite of what was expected. New majorities are found to be associated with less topical legislative output. Arguably, this occurs because this new measure of gridlock taps a legislative agenda that represents particularly complicated issues, which new majorities are not equipped to handle effectively. Overall, the new dependent variable holds up to initial scrutiny.