The aim of this study was to illuminate critical factors that facilitate respectively obstruct the novice nurse's development during her first year in the profession. The method used was a systematic literature review according to Goodman's model. The 8 qualitative scientific articles were scrutinized by using a form developed by Pedersen and Sigling (2002). The result shows that cognitive factors, stress, social factors as well as affective factors are critical during the novice nurse's first professional year. The results are related to Antonovsky's concept sense of coherence. / Syfte med denna studie var att få kunskap om vilka faktorer som gynnar respektive hindrar den nyutbildade sjuksköterskans utvecklig. Metoden var en systematisk litteratursökning med hjälp av Goodmans Modell. För att garantera god vetenskaplig kvalitet på de 8 kvalitativa artiklar som inkluderades i studien, används bedömningsformulär vid granskningen. Formuläret utarbetades av Pedersen och Sigling (2002). Resultatet av denna litteraturstudie visade att: kognitiva faktorer, stressfaktorer, sociala faktorer samt affektiva faktorer kan gynna respektive hindra den nyutbildade sjuksköterskans utveckling. Som teoretisk referensram användes Antonovskys KASAM-modell.

Bakgrund: Det råder brist på sjuksköterskor i dagens hälso- och sjukvård, vilket resulterar i att antalet erfarna sjuksköterskor minskar och det blir svårare för nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor att få stöttning i sin nya profession. Övergången från student till ansvarig sjuksköterska beskrivs av många som utmanande och intensiv. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva upplevelsen av mentors betydelse för nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor under det första arbetsåret på en medicin- och geriatrikklinik. Metod: Kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjustudie och en induktiv metod har använts. Vilket innebär att studien utgått från deltagarnas egna erfarenheter och upplevelser. Elva nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor som arbetar på ett länsdelssjukhus i södra Sverige intervjuades. Resultat: Genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys framkom tre teman med tillhörande underteman. Sjuksköterskans arbetssätt är första temat (sjuksköterskans förhållningssätt, tidspress och ansvar). Andra temat är säker vård (patientsäkerhet, kommunikation och vetenskaplig evidens) och tredje temat är samspel (struktur, tillgänglighet och support). Slutsats: Mentor är av betydelse och en trygghet för nyutbildade sjuksköterskor under första tiden som kliniskt verksamma. / Background: There is a lack of nurses in today's healthcare. Which results in the number of experienced nurses decreases and it becomes more difficult for newly graduated nurses to get support in their new profession. The transition from student to responsible nurse is described by many as challenging and intensive. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe the experience of mentors' importance for newly graduated nurses during the first year of work in a medicine and geriatric clinic. Method: Qualitative semi-structured interview study and an inductive method has been used. Which means that the study is based on the participants' own experiences. Eleven newly graduated nurses were interviewed who worked at a county hospital in southern Sweden. Result: Through a qualitative content analysis, three themes emerged with associated sub-themes. The nurse's way of working is the first theme (nurse´s approach, time pressure, responsibility). The second theme is safe care (patients’ safety, communication, scientific evidence) and the third theme is interaction (structure, availability, support). Conclusions: In the study we found that mentors are of importance and safety during new nurses the first time in the business.

Health care-organizations in Sweden are trying to replace the nursing profession in matters that the nurses are trained to do - which is care-related work – while it is only occasionally due to a lack of nurses. While this is happening, the care-related aspect of the profession is said to be the most appealing quality for people who wish to become nurses; “to make adifference for people in need”. This “pure” quality in a profession is hypothesized by Andrew Abbott (1981) to translate into high internal status within a profession. With this thesis, I aim to explore the relationship between professional status and “pure” work in the nurse-profession: How the “pure” work can be identified and how we can understand it in relation to the “impure” work, why nurses value some nurse specialists higher than others regarding status and how the dichotomy of “pure” and “impure” work affects this distribution of status within the profession. My chosen theory is based on Andrew Abbotts input to the debate of what constitutes professional status. He argues that if a profession does more professionally relevant work, it gets higher internal status (Abbott 1981). This theory is “only” based on historically strong, “classical” professions, to which I would like to contribute to by applying the theory to the nurse-profession. In order to do this, I have conducted seven semi-structured interviews and a form to evaluate how nurses’ rate eleven nurse-specialists according to status and how the themes of status are connected to the education and the work of the non-specialized nurse – the theoretically “pure” work. The non-specialized nurse is trained to have a full picture regarding patients, which includes both medical actions and basic caring needs. This is the nurses’ pure work. The nurses are not trained for the number of administrative tasks that the clinical reality demands, but it is a part of the full picture of the patient. Although it may appear as if it were impure work, calling this impure work is incorrect because of its’ pure qualities as a part of the full picture. The strongest consensus about attributed status is regarding the specialists with the highest and the lowest status. These attributions to status are based on the specific knowledge and the life-depending work of the specialists, which converge into each other as the same specialists has the same attributed status in both status-themes. This is opposite of what Abbott argues gives professional status because it is the low status-specialists that can be replaced by non- specialized nurses: Which practices, per definition, the pure work of the profession. In these areas of the low status specialist, the basic work of a non-specialized nurse suffices, which would also mean that the professionally purest work is done in these areas of work. This contradicts Abbotts argument that the purest work achieves the highest internal status.