The purpose of this thesis is to examine the arithmetical portion of Theon of Smyrna's work entitled: [Greek title omitted] and to determine its significance in the study of the theory of numbers. The thesis comprises three main parts. The first is a brief introductory discussion of the biography of Theon with an attempt to establish his identity and works. Very little scholarly work has been devoted to Theon; what little could be found was dated for the most part in the second half of the nineteenth century, and in Greek mathematical works his activities have attracted little more than a passing mention. In my introductory chapter I have drawn exclusively from this secondary material. The second part of the study is a literal translation of the appropriate arithmetical section of the work. The third part consists of a commentary amounting to a simple exposition of the mathematical content. In a concluding chapter I have attempted to assign to Theon his place in the history of arithmetic and have given some indications of the reasons for his relative unimportance. / Arts, Faculty of / Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of / Graduate

This dissertation examines the level of social and cultural interaction between the Greek and Turkish communities of İzmir and the impact of the centralizing Ottoman reforms on the society of İzmir during the age of the Ottoman modernization. It focuses on the years between 1826 and 1864 that marked a turning point in the administrative history of the Ottoman Empire. Analyzing this subject requires understanding the social-cultural and economic dynamics of İzmir that played a crucial role in the formation of the social fabric of the city. Ottoman-Turkish archival material and to some extent Greek newspapers of the time are used as primary sources. The sources discussed in this dissertation demonstrate that the central authority attempted to re-integrate İzmir into its administrative and political structure in accordance with the centralizing or repressive Tanzimat reforms. However, Tanzimat reforms did not disturb the social cohesion of İzmir, which the city produced over the centuries with its local character and some peculiar dynamics. The evidence also indicates that the Empire did not aim to mold social relations in İzmir, instead benefited from city’s already existing social-cultural and economic situation, which was well suited to its modernization program. This study attempts to write a social and cultural history of İzmir, by considering the ethno-religious policies of the Ottoman state in the given period and questioning Ottoman modernity through the prism of the Greek-Turkish communal relations. Much of the conventional Turkish and Greek historiography of the post WWI years has analyzed 19th century İzmir's history in terms of two “conflicting nations.” While Turkish historiography has focused on the ethnic homogeneity of Turks and its history, modern Greek historiography has stressed the suppression of the Ottoman Greeks under the Ottoman rule. Such approaches have engendered the commonly used categories of Greek versus Turkish or Muslim versus non-Muslim. Approaching İzmir as an organic whole, instead of dividing the city according to ethno-religious criterion, this dissertation tries to uncover the dynamics of coexistence and communal relations, which marked the life of the city for centuries, but was brought to an abrupt end as a result of the modern nation state formations.

This dissertation examines the level of social and cultural interaction between the Greek and Turkish communities of İzmir and the impact of the centralizing Ottoman reforms on the society of İzmir during the age of the Ottoman modernization. It focuses on the years between 1826 and 1864 that marked a turning point in the administrative history of the Ottoman Empire. Analyzing this subject requires understanding the social-cultural and economic dynamics of İzmir that played a crucial role in the formation of the social fabric of the city. Ottoman-Turkish archival material and to some extent Greek newspapers of the time are used as primary sources. The sources discussed in this dissertation demonstrate that the central authority attempted to re-integrate İzmir into its administrative and political structure in accordance with the centralizing or repressive Tanzimat reforms. However, Tanzimat reforms did not disturb the social cohesion of İzmir, which the city produced over the centuries with its local character and some peculiar dynamics. The evidence also indicates that the Empire did not aim to mold social relations in İzmir, instead benefited from city’s already existing social-cultural and economic situation, which was well suited to its modernization program. This study attempts to write a social and cultural history of İzmir, by considering the ethno-religious policies of the Ottoman state in the given period and questioning Ottoman modernity through the prism of the Greek-Turkish communal relations. Much of the conventional Turkish and Greek historiography of the post WWI years has analyzed 19th century İzmir's history in terms of two “conflicting nations.” While Turkish historiography has focused on the ethnic homogeneity of Turks and its history, modern Greek historiography has stressed the suppression of the Ottoman Greeks under the Ottoman rule. Such approaches have engendered the commonly used categories of Greek versus Turkish or Muslim versus non-Muslim. Approaching İzmir as an organic whole, instead of dividing the city according to ethno-religious criterion, this dissertation tries to uncover the dynamics of coexistence and communal relations, which marked the life of the city for centuries, but was brought to an abrupt end as a result of the modern nation state formations.

Thesis (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1992. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 187-193).

While scholars have noticed important allusions to Hesiod in Quintus of Smyrna’s Posthomerica, there is still a need to explain Hesiod’s relevance in a poem that is so overtly Homeric. I argue that an understanding of Hesiod’s reception, especially during the Second Sophistic period, will lead to a deeper appreciation of the Posthomerica and the world that produced it. Hesiodic allusions appear at key moments in the narrative and invite us to see Quintus of Smyrna as reading Homeric epic and ethics through a Hesiodic lens. Rather than read the Posthomerica solely as a work of Homeric emulation, I propose that Quintus of Smyrna relies on Hesiod’s reputation as Homer’s rival to articulate his critique of Homeric poetics and heroism. Chapter One argues that Quintus of Smyrna reorients his reader’s gaze from Homer to Hesiod right when he seems to ape a Homeric practice, namely the ekphrasis of Achilles’ shield. Chapter Two asserts that Quintus of Smyrna’s use of Hesiod contributes to the Posthomerica’s narrative structure and highlights his revision of the Homeric idea of virtue (arete), such that Iliadic force must be joined with Hesiodic wisdom. Chapter Three examines Quintus of Smyrna’s Hesiodic self-portrayal and argues that the Posthomerica may be read as a telling of the Trojan saga through a Hesiodic lens. Chapter Four discusses Quintus of Smyrna in the context of Hesiodic reception. And Chapter Five places Quintus of Smyrna’s reception of Homer and Hesiod within the broader landscape of Second Sophistic and Late Antique literature, comparing his allusive practices to those of Greek hexameter poets of his era. This study concludes that Quintus of Smyrna’s revision of Homer reflects a trend among some Second Sophistic authors who re-write and critique Homeric narratives. Moreover, his direct and pervasive engagement with the works of Hesiod is unique when compared to his fellow Greek hexameter poets, whose allusions to Hesiod are mediated through a Hellenistic filter. By bridging studies of the Posthomerica and studies in Hesiod’s reception, my work enables us to gain a better understanding of Quintus of Smyrna’s dynamic engagement with his archaic literary tradition.

Thesis (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1994. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 243-248).

Période cruciale marquée par la guerre gréco-turque, la cristallisation des tensions nationalistes des deux états en opposition et les vicissitudes de la politique intérieure grecque, les années 1919-1922 représentent un tournant décisif pour l’hellénisme d’Asie Mineure. Comment la population grecque de Smyrne va-t-elle vivre ces années de guerre placée sous la tutelle de l’état grec ? Le débarquement militaire et l’établissement de l’Administration hellénique de la ville de Smyrne et de sa région viendront-ils combler les espoirs d’une communauté qui attendait avec ferveur sa « libération » et son rattachement à la Mère Patrie ? L’étude de la presse locale hellénophone permettra d’aborder la problématique de l’identité nationale du groupe par le biais de ses représentations médiatiques. Les modes d’expression du « nous » et les appels à la mobilisation collective constitueront la base des revendications identitaires de l’hellénisme smyrniote à la recherche d’un ancrage national propre. / The years 1919-1922 represent a crucial period marked by the Greco-Turkish war, the climax of nationalist tensions between the two states in conflict and the vicissitudes of the Greek domestic politics. From this point of view they constitute a real turning point for Hellenism in Asia Minor. How did the Greek population of Smyrna live those years of war placed under the mandate of the Hellenic state ? Did the Greek landing and the establishment of the Greek Administration in Smyrna and its region fulfil the hopes of a community that had been longing for “liberation” and its reunion with the Mother Land ? The study of the Greek local press will allow us to examine how the community’s search for national identity is represented in the media. The study will demonstrate that modes of collective expression and various calls for social mobilization constituted the basis that allowed Hellenism of Smyrna to discuss, define and claim a firm and proper national foothold.

The cities of Pergamon, Smyrna and Ephesus have caught the attention of many scholars throughout the world and many papers and studies have been written on their history. The focus for most of them have been the imperial cult and the status of the cities as neokoroi. Although this is an important part in the history of the three cities, these temples and the imperial cult is not the only time they have been influenced by the romans and their culture. This paper aims to explore the public identity of the cities trough the medium of coinage, and how their identity is influenced and changed by the introduction of the romans. By analysing iconography on coins from 200 BC-200 AD we get a more nuanced perspective on the relationship between the Romans and the three cities in question. Instead of seeing the imperial cult only as a product of the social and political landscape of the empire, we instead put them in a larger narrative of roman expansion and influence in the Greek east both before and during the republic. Trough Panofskys iconographical analysis method, the coins are placed in a historical, political, and cultural context that unlocks their full potential. By focusing on identity, the coins become representative of what the cities themselves choose to put forward and focus on. It shows the most important aspects of the local culture and what they think most represents the public life, which in turn shows us their public identity. This study determined that the introduction of the imperial cult during the first century AD was a culmination of a process that had started during the republic and the different ways the romans took control of the cities. It also determined that the different political and cultural situations that the cities found themselves during this 400-year period had a big part to play in how they adapted to the roman culture and the reign of the emperors.

No description available.

Les Capitulations accordées par la Porte en 1740 fixent un cadre favorable pour le commerce français au Levant. Cependant, le XVIIIe siècle est celui de sa régression. Smyrne, qui s'impose alors comme la première Échelle ottomane, offre un point d'observation idoine pour comprendre cette crise où se mêlent confusément la dégradation des changes et celle des draps, l'article le plus exporté. Pourtant, la maison marseillaise Roux établit une commandite à Smyrne en 1759 après avoir eu recours à des tiers. Grâce aux apports de la sociologie économique, notre étude montre que le contexte levantin, sujet aux révolutions de toute sorte, n'offre pas toutes les aménités escomptées. La structure sociale légalement induite, et dominée par les Marseillais, fonctionne selon une prudence encastrée qui assimile les régisseurs à des subalternes suspects d'opportunisme. Une telle organisation entrave la saisie des occasions offertes par le marché oriental. Alors que la Méditerranée devient un espace périphérique du commerce mondial, les Roux échouent à valoriser leur implantation levantine malgré l'étendue de leurs réseaux. La domination marseillaise de la draperie languedocienne contribue en fait à sa précarisation et à la baisse de sa qualité. Dès la fin de la guerre de Sept Ans, ces exportations entrent dans une phase dépressive que l'inertie des pratiques négociantes ne fait qu'entretenir. Celles-ci expliquent également l'absence de diversification. Ainsi, les défauts réticulaires se combinent à la complexité du marché levantin, aux troubles géopolitiques du XVIIIe siècle et à la transition hégémonique au profit des Anglais pour expliquer la crise du commerce marseillais levantin. / The capitulations granted by the Porte in 1740 set a favourable framework for French trade in Levant. However, the 18th century means decline for it. Smyrna, which emerged at that time as the first Ottoman échelle, offered a fitting place to observe and to understand this crisis stemming from the debasement of exchange rates and woolen clothes, the most exported articles. And yet, the Roux company from Marseilles established a firm in Smyrna in 1759 after turning to outsiders. Thanks to the contributions of economic sociology, this research shows that the Levantine context, prone to revolutions of all kinds, didn't offer all the expected amenities. The social structure legally enforced and dominated by the merchants of Marseilles worked in accordance to embedded cautiousness which likened the expatriated partners to potentially opportunist subordinates. Such an organization hampered their activity in the Eastern market. Whereas the Mediterranean became an outlying space for world trade, the Roux failed to develop their Levantine firm despite the diversity of their networks. The domination of Marseilles over the clothing industry in Languedoc contributed, in fact, to its jeopardizing and the quality decline of its products. At the end of the Seven Years' War, these exportations entered in a declining stage maintained by the inertia of the merchants' practices which also account for the lack of diversification. Thus, network defects combine with the complexity of the Levantine market, the geopolitical troubles of the 18th century and the transition to English hegemony to explain the crisis of the Levantine trade from Marseilles.