Au cours des trois dernières décennies, la mise en œuvre de stratégies industrielles et éditoriales par les groupes de presse écrite a poussé les marchés du travail journalistique à se conformer à de nouvelles exigences d'adaptation. Face à ces transformations, les positions traditionnelles des acteurs du champ journalistique ont été profondément remises en question, traduisant une reconfiguration en termes de normes et de pratiques socio-discursives, mais aussi de distribution des rôles et des pouvoirs. Notre travail de recherche propose de s'intéresser au cas des journalistes pigistes dont le positionnement dans une « zone grise » du marché du travail en fait des « analyseurs » privilégiés des mutations en cours au sein du secteur de presse. La précarité qui leur est fatalement assignée est ici questionnée comme une catégorie situationnelle et relationnelle nous informant d'une « déstructuration-restructuration » du champ journalistique. La précarité mobilisée dans les discours des acteurs du champ apporte dès lors un éclairage sur les logiques sociales à l'œuvre et permet d'approcher, d'une part, les enjeux qui sous-tendent la stigmatisation des journalistes pigistes en précaires, et, d'autre part, les stratégies qui les portent. Il apparaît que cette représentation à visée différentielle fait singulièrement sens dans un contexte socio-économique de restructuration des industries culturelles. Révélatrice d'une tension entre légitimation et modernisation d'une presse en mutation, la précarité affectée aux journalistes pigistes se met au service des stratégies d'adaptation des acteurs en présence. Elle sert en premier lieu celles des stigmatisés qui, en procédant à un « retournement du stigmate », saisissent l'occasion de faire émerger une identité « para-journalistique » fondée sur une culture qui leur serait propre : le « pigisme ». / Over the past three decades, the industrial and editorial strategies of French press groups pushed the journalistic labour markets to adapt to new requirements. Faced with these changes, the traditional positions of the actors involved in the journalistic field were deeply challenged leading to a reconfiguration in terms of standards and socio-discursive practices, but also in terms of the distribution of roles and powers. Our research focuses on the case of the French “pigistes” journalists who are located in a "grey area" of the labour market and thereby become privileged "analyzers" of the ongoing changes in the French press industry. The precariousness assigned to them is examined as a relational notion, which allows us to approach very closely the "breakdown-restructuring" movement of the modern French journalistic field. The study of the uses of this notion in the discourses of the main actors in this field brings light on the social logics at work. It underlines what is at stake in the stigmatization of “pigistes” journalists in "precarious" professionals on the one hand and which strategies this stigma help to satisfy on the other hand. It appears that this representation implies a differentiation between two types of journalists (the precarious ones and the others), which singularly makes sense in a socio-economic restructuring of cultural industries. Revealing a tension between legitimacy and modernization of a changing press, the precariousness assigned to the “pigistes” journalists supports the adaptation strategies of the actors involved in the field. Above all, this stigmatization serves firstly this stigmatized journalists who by conducting a “reversal of the stigma” seize the opportunity to bring forth a “para-journalistic” identity based on a culture they would own: the “pigisme.”

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2018-08-07T18:37:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tobias Sombra-Mestrado-2018.pdf: 2977663 bytes, checksum: b45309648a3be783327111ae5673abab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T18:37:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tobias Sombra-Mestrado-2018.pdf: 2977663 bytes, checksum: b45309648a3be783327111ae5673abab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-22 / Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa exploratória usando o algoritmo Naive Bayes com capacidade para classificar documentos no Mendeley usando até cinco classes de saída, definidas com base na quantidade de leitores dos documentos. Usando uma série de atributos que foram encontrados durante a coleta de dados, é realizada a classificação para tentar identificar padrões nos atributos, a fim de reconhecer lógicas sociais dos cientistas, que envolve tanto o comportamento quanto sua dinâmica nas redes sociais científicas. Para fins de concretização deste trabalho, foi aplicada uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, a fim de buscar o estado da arte de pesquisas que envolvam o uso de Reconhecimento de Padrões em Redes Sociais Científicas, além da aplicação de um método que envolve o uso de algoritmos desenvolvidos para o tratamento automático de todos os dados coletados no Mendeley. / This work is an exploratory research using the Naive Bayes algorithm with the ability to classify documents in Mendeley using the output classes, based on the amount of reading of the documents. Using a series of data that was found during a data collection, a classification is given to check the patterns in the attributes, an end to recognize the social logics of the scientists, that involve both the behavior and its dynamics in scientific social networks. For the purpose of this work, a literature systematic review was applied, with emphasis on the use of methods that involve the use of social networking concepts, as well as the application of a method for the use of algorithms. Created for automatic processing of all data collected at Mendeley.