LLM in Human Rights Law / The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa shows a clear and unambiguous undertaking by the state to develop a comprehensive social security system. In terms of Section 27 of the Constitution, it is provided that everyone has the right to have access to social security, including, if they are unable to support themselves and their dependants, appropriate social assistance. The section also obliges the state to take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of each of these rights. Parts of the social assistance are, inter alia, child related social grants in terms of the Social Assistance Act. This research considers the question of statutory exclusion of children of asylum seekers from accessing and exercising their social security rights, in particular, social assistance grants relevant to the needs, assistance and protection of children. Such grants are already provided for by the law to the South African citizen, permanent resident and refugee children. The question which this study seeks to address is whether South African government is in compliance with its constitutional and international obligations in respect of the social security rights and social assistance for children of asylum seekers in South Africa. This would be carried out by reviewing and exploring relevant International, regional and national human rights instruments relevant and applicable to the social security rights and assistance to the children of asylum seekers.

Social security administration and personal data protection The protection of personal data is one of the most discussed legal topics of contemporary legal science. However, the attention of both the professional and general public has so far been focused on the processing of personal data carried out by private law entities. On the contrary, the author focuses on a topic that has been overlooked, namely the processing of personal data performed by social security administration authorities. This thesis aims to answer the question whether the processing carried out by selected authorities of the social security administration follows the principle of lawfulness according to data protection regulations and the Regulation (GDPR). The key aspect of the author's answer is primarily to assess the compliance of the current legislation in the area of sickness and pension insurance and passive employment policy with the requirements of the Regulation (GDPR). In this work, the author first deals with the historical roots and birth of the legal regulation of personal data protection. Then, by comparing the legal regulations adopted within the Council of Europe, the European Union, and the Czech Republic, it analyses the applicable regulation of personal data protection. As the author points out in this work,...

Magister Commercii - MCom / In the past two decades of liberal transformation the post-apartheid Republic of South Africa has been well described as an upper middle-income economy. Despite the country’s strong political and economic affiliations with other developed countries, the nation remains till present faced with socioeconomic impediments deeply rooted within the presence of ceaseless impoverishment, unemployment and inequality. Likewise, there are various factors that explain the nature of deprivation. The application of both the money-metric and non-moneymetric approaches in the conceptualization and measurement of poverty provides an in-depth understanding of efforts (or lack thereof) to establish an equal standard of living for all.

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This study addresses the problem of assessing the value of Social Security as an investment for an individual with given characteristics. The characteristics considered are age, sex, race, marital status, and salary earning history. The problem formulation takes into account the uncertainties of human life, i.e., the probabilistic characteristics of the events that an individual may experience and may affect his tax payments and the benefits he will receive. These events are the birth of a child, death, marriage, divorce, retirement, and disability onset. The measurements used are the individual expected rate of return and the overall population rate of return. The former is expected to be more important to an individual, while the latter is more significant to the Social Security Administration. The difficulties inherent in an analytic solution procedure to obtain numerical values for these rates are shown. Using actual demographic and social security data, the use of the model is illustrated through case studies. The four cases examined, although hypothetical, represent large segments of the United States population. Additional analyses are performed to assess the value of separate components of the total benefits, including secondary, retirement, and disability-survivor benefits. The effect on the rates of return of the two factors, salary level and age of the individual’s examined. A sensitivity analysis for five types of input data, birth, death, marriage, divorce, and disability, is included. / Master of Science

This study addresses the problem of assessing the economic future of the Social Security System using a representative sample of the United States Population. The characteristics of the people defined in this sample include age, sex, race, marital status, monthly salary, status under Social Security and the age and number of any dependents. The problem formulation deals with probabilistic events which may occur to an individual and will affect his status under Social Security. These events include marriage, divorce, death, birth of a child, retirement and disability onset and recovery. Each month, it is seen which events occur and the resulting benefits paid by the system is calculated. The difference between the intakes and outlays of the system are calculated and the resulting trust fund found. Using actual data from the Social Security Administration and the Bureau of the Census, the future of the system is evaluated by four representative case studies. The cases studied determine the effect on the system of changes in the birth rate and disability rate. / M.S.

For the past two decades pension funds, and more specifically teacher pension funds, have experienced a rapid growth and an increased importance in the national and regional economies of the United States. The primary purpose of this study was to provide a descriptive examination of the legislative changes in the 50 state teacher retirement systems and the h relationship of these changes with selected state demographic variables over the fifteen-year period of time from July 1, 1969, to June 30, 1984. The research questions that guided this study were: 1) What are the existing characteristics of the 50 states; teachers retirement systems and selected state demographic variables? 2) What are the changes over a 15-year period of time of the 50 states; teacher retirement systems and selected state demographic variables? 3) What are the projected changes in the 50 teacher retirement systems? 4) What are the relationships between the following pairs of variables; a) change in retirement systems and change in state . variables, b) change in state variables and projected change in retirement systems, c) changes in retirement systems and projected changes in retirement systems, d) current retirement systems and projected change in retirement systems, and e) current demographic variables and projected changes in retirement systems? A survey instrument, designed to statistically explore the relationship of selected demographic characteristics with legislative changes in the 50 teacher retirement systems, over the fifteen-year period of time was administered nationally. The population for this study was the 50 state teacher retirement systems. Selected individuals representing systems were surveyed for specific factual information. The rate response from the 50 states was 100%. Statistical methods used to classify and summarize the numerical data were cross-tabulations and frequencies. Pearson r and Spearman Rho correlation statistics were used to determine relationships between pairs of variables. / Ed. D. / incomplete_metadata