Au centre de cette étude se trouvent les patients de la clinique psychiatrique et neurologique de la Charité (Berlin-Est, RDA), durant la période des années 1960. Tout en prenant en compte l'interprétation qui en est faite par le discours médical, ce travail vise à reconstituer les expériences et les trajectoires de ces individus, en les inscrivant dans le contexte de la société socialiste. À partir des dossiers de patients – qui constituent le principal matériau archivistique de cette étude –, il s'agit desaisir certaines des tensions qui traversent la société est-allemande, en relation avec le contexte politique et idéologique. Comme en attestent ces sources, dans le cadre de l'échange thérapeutique, les patients peuvent prendre la parole selon des règles qui diffèrent de celles habituellement en vigueur au sein de la société socialiste. Parce qu'ils peuvent contenir les traces d'une parole ordinairement mise sous silence, du fait de la censure ou de l'auto-censure, de son caractère indicible, inavouable ou délirant, les dossiers de patients apparaissent comme une source précieuse pour l'historien. Destensions conjugales provoquées par des dissensions idéologiques aux conflits intérieurs d'une « fervente marxiste », de la douleur suscitée par la radiation du parti à celle née de la construction du Mur, des « délires réunificateurs » à ceux faisant de l'Ouest une source de menaces, les expériences individuelles et singulières des patients permettent de reconstituer, selon une approche microhistorique, certaines tensions inhérentes au fonctionnement de la société socialiste. / The patients of the Charité Psychiatry and Neurology clinic (East-Berlin, GDR) during the 1960s are at the center of this study. While taking into account the interpretation provided by the medical discourse, this research aims at reconstructing the experiences and the trajectories of these individuals by inscribing them in the context of the socialist society. Relying on patients' records – these records being the main source of this study – the goal of this research is to reach a betterunderstanding of underlying tensions in the socialist society in relation to the political and ideological context. As these sources show, when they talk to the therapist, patients can speak according to rules which differ from the rules implemented in the socialist society. Because they may contain traces of speeches that would usually be silenced as a result of censorship or self-censorship, or of the unspeakable, shameful or delirious nature of this speech, the patients' records prove to be a valuable source for the historian. From marital tensions caused by ideological disagreements to the inner conflicts of an “ardent marxist”, from the pain triggered by the exclusion from the party to the pain caused by the construction of the Berlin Wall, from the “reuniting delirium” to the delusions according to which the West appears as a threat, the individual and singular experiences of the patients allow to reconstruct, through a microhistorical approach, certain tensions inherent to the working of the socialist society.

This dissertation examines detective novels for children and young adults written and published in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The aim of the thesis is to study how the genre developed under the conditions of a socialist society. The analysis of the 66 texts included in the corpus is based on a socio-historical approach assuming that dialogical interdependencies between texts and society exist and can be verified. Central to the analytical work with the texts is the thesis that detective novels written for young readers reflect the socio-political development in East-German society. It shows, however, that—because of their strong didactic impetus—the texts did generally not, like detective novels for adults, develop into a forum for socio-critical discussions. In the diachronic development, which extends from the beginning in the Soviet occupation zone to the post-reunification period, it is shown that changing socio-political conditions interact with the texts, which becomes particularly obvious in the changing presentation of the detectives and criminals. Studying the texts, the dissertation presents basic research and an overview of the genre. Ten texts from the corpus are subject to a detailed analysis in order to deepen the general insights with examples. This way, different aspects of detective novels for children and young adults in the GDR are emphasized, e.g. the interaction between text and illustration. The embedding of figures in a socialist community produces further motives frequently occurring in the texts such as: the Heimat motive or the anti-fascist society. Although the majority of the texts do not go beyond stereotypical representations of characters, criminal cases, and locations—and hence demonstrate the close link between (normative) ideas of society and their literary implementation—the body of texts contains some innovative exceptions in which the social development is questioned and even cautiously criticized.

This master's thesis follows the author's previous bachelor thesis Village Hradčany in Podještědí at Contemporary History 1914 -1948. Using terminology and methods of regional history and microhistory it accents exploring contemporary history of whole commune and municipality Hradčany with all of its historical villages. It will deal comprehensively with cultural-historical and political-historical problems and phenomena of the of the second half of the 20th century, beginning with the communist rise of power in 1948 , continuing by demise of traditional rural economy in the fifties. But it will also mention the extinction of commune Hradčany itself and its connecting to the bigger commune of socialist type in seventies and developement of socialist rural society. Due to comparing the local archive sources with sources from other surrounding settlements the work should produce a synthetical historical source, which could be taken as a general picture of history of settlements in the region. The whole work is based primarily on archive and oral-history research, interviews with the oldest settlers, collection of photographic sources and written documents as memories.