Due to a high population growth (approx. 2.5 % p.a) the food-sector in Syria is facing in-creasing problems. An enormous increase in population results in increased demand for food. This has adversely affected the socio-economic and ecological development in the country. Intensive use of various natural resources has led to significant changes in land use pattern, especially due to use of inappropriate methods in the agricultural sector. The increasing anthropogenic pressure on the sensitive ecological structure of the respective area causes environmental damages, in particular degradation of soil characteristics. In the semi-arid and arid eco-climatic zones vast areas are facing desertification. Soil erosion through water represents the main form of land degradation in the north-west of Syria. Particularly vulnerable are the soils with a shallow or no vegetation cover, such as the soils found in the Mediterranean hills, where olives are cultivated. For this research the Afrin region, located in the northwest of Syria, was selected as study area, in order to analyse and assess the extent of degradation. For estimation of erosion the relevant parameters of the “Universal Soil Loss Equation USLE” were used. These para-meters were adapted and integrated through remote sensing and GIS. LANDSAT TM and ASTER satellite imagery of the investigated area were used for this purpose. Data were acquired at the end of the dry season. In order to achieve an accurate evaluation and high-quality comparison of multi-temporal satellite data, imagery was firstly geometrically and atmospherically corrected and then analysed. The vegetation coverage and its current de-gradation level were investigated by spectral mixture analysis (SMA). The digital elevation model (DEM) derived from ASTER data was utilized to generate the slope gradient (S) and the slope length (L). In addition to the laboratory analysis, grain size index (GSI) and SMA were used for the characterization and mapping of soil erodibility. Land-use/land-cover classification and change detection were determined by using pixel-based classification procedures (maximum likelihood classification) and post classification methods respectively. Required samples for land cover classification of the remotely sensed data were collected during the field work, in addition to the soil samples for soil analysis. The results of this study show that advanced methods of remote sensing and GIS provide powerful tools not only for a better understanding of the land use changes, but also for an accurate assessment of land degradation and desertification. This knowledge, in turn, con-tributes highly towards developing effective and appropriate management strategies for sustainable use and conservation of natural resources in the north-west of Syria

Orientador: Marlene Cristina Alves / Banca: Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes / Banca: Zigomar Menezes de Souza / Resumo: O uso do solo nem sempre dá lugar a um novo sistema ecológico sustentável, seja de lavouras ou de pastagens. Com isso, solos utilizados intensamente e de forma inadequada, são levados à degradação. Neste sentido o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a influência do lodo de esgoto na recuperação de propriedades físico-hídricas e químicas de um Latossolo Vermelho degradado, que está sendo cultivado há 3 anos com eucalipto (Eucalyptus citriodora Hook) e braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens), no município de Selvíria, MS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: 1-vegetação de cerrado; 2- solo exposto sem tratamento para recuperação; 3- solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária sem uso do lodo de esgoto e adubação mineral; 4- solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária com adubação mineral; 5- solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária com uso de 30 Mg ha-1 de lodo de esgoto e 6- solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária com uso de 60 Mg ha-1 de lodo de esgoto. Concluiu-se que: o solo estudado está sendo recuperado, porém os tratamentos para recuperação estão agindo de forma semelhante entre si; o lodo de esgoto influenciou as propriedades físico-hídricas do solo estudadas; a densidade do solo e porosidade total foram melhores indicadores da recuperação do solo; as propriedades químicas foram influenciadas com o uso do lodo de esgoto; o uso de lodo de esgoto proporcionou maior rendimento de massas verde e seca da braquiária e, promoveu maior desenvolvimento das plantas de eucalipto. / Abstract: The soil management on it not always keep on sustainability of this ecological system, be of annual crops or pastures. Thus, soils used intensely and in an inadequate way, they are carried to degradation. In this sense, the present work had as objective to study the influence of sewage sludge on recovering of physical-hydrics and chemistry properties of a degraded Oxisol, cultivated by three years with eucalyptus (Eucalyptus citriodora Hook) and pasture (Brachiaria decumbens), in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions. The used treatments were: 1- Savannah; 2- exposed soil without treatment for recovering; 3- soil cultivated with eucalyptus and pasture without use of sewage sludge and mineral fertilization; 4- soil cultivated with eucalyptus and pasture with mineral fertilization; 5- soil cultivated with eucalyptus and pasture with use of 30 Mg ha-1 of sewage sludge, and 6- soil cultivated with eucalyptus and pasture with use of 60 Mg ha-1 of sewage sludge. It was concluded the soil studied is being recovered; however, the treatments for recovering are acting in a similar way; the sewage sludge influenced the physical-hydric properties of the soil; the soil bulk density and total porosity were better indicators of the soil recovery; the chemical properties were influenced with the use of sewage sludge; the use of sewage sludge provided larger green and dry mass production to pasture and, it promoted larger development of eucalyptus plants. / Mestre

Thesis (M. Dev. (Planning and Management)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Sand mining has grown popular in South African rural communities due to its increasing demand for building purposes in and around the surrounding villages as well as a source of income to the rural communities. Sand is an indispensable natural resource of any society around the world. For instance, the government has to deal with the frequent sand mining environmental effects and implement various strategies on how to deal with these effects to protect the environment. Although the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) 107 of 1998 regulates sand mining, the illegal and unregulated rural sand mining is causing land degradation, creating unpleasant appearances, causing vulnerability to floods and pointing out the need for rehabilitation. Given the circumstances surrounding the issue of illegal sand mining in rural communities, this research is aimed at investigating the impact of illegal or legal sand mining on the environment looking at the land degradation and the importance of rehabilitating the area after use in Mentz village. The main objective of this research was to explore how sand mining causes land degradation and examining the significance of rehabilitation in sand mining. The methodology of the study was carried out using both quantitative and qualitative research design in a form of questionnaire surveys, oral interviews and field observations to collect the data. The sample was composed of the general members of the community, the chief and the sand miners. For data analysis, the study used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The results indicated that sand mining causes 54.76% of the land degradation in South Africa. Furthermore, the research revealed that 30.95% of the land degradation was due to deforestation and 11.90% of Mentz land degradation was caused by overgrazing. Besides, an overwhelming 76.58% of the respondents agreed that land should be rehabilitated after sand mining processes.

Soils are a critical resource for supporting ecosystems, agricultural systems, and human wellbeing. However, these same soils have been degraded by human activities throughout human history. Despite the rapid development of global models that include dynamic changes in land use and land cover (LULC) and biogeochemical processes to assess climate and hydrological impacts, soil properties are often assumed to be spatially or temporally constant. These assumptions can affect the results of model projections, impact assessments and underestimate the human impact on Earth systems. This study reveals the physical impacts of human-altered soil conditions on the global water balance through a meta-analysis study and soil degradation modeling. We link major global LULCs to four hydrologic soil groups: sandy (sand, sandy loam, and loamy sand), loamy (loam, silty loam, and silt)), clayey soils (clay, sandy clay, clay loam, silty clay, and silty clay loam), and sandy clay loam) from 850 to 2015 AD, and identified loamy and clayey soils as the preferred soils for most human land uses. Humans selectively use those soils for intensive agriculture and pasture activities, while grazing occurs on sandier soils. To simulate the impact of human activities on soils, several soil change models were built for soil organic carbon (SOC) content, soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), and soil bulk density from meta-analyses of site observations. The models were applied globally based on the LULC and soil relations, global environmental and soil conditions, and LULC distributions. Pedotransfer functions were applied to estimate soil water-holding capacity using those soil properties, then a Thornthwaite-type water balance model was used to assess the impacts of soil degradation on the global water balance. Results show that under a high-intensity LULC scenario (conventional tillage on croplands and heavy grazing), SOC decreases by 363 Pg and water deficit increases 78 km3 globally. The impacts on SOC and deficit are reduced to 213 Pg and 51 km3, respectively, when reducing land-use intensity by substituting animal ploughing/no-till and light grazing for conventional tillage and heavy grazing. Impacts from other LULC types are identical for these two LULC scenarios. Development of this history between LULC and soil properties allows for improved simulation of human impacts on global water, energy, and biogeochemical cycles. The results of the water balance simulations demonstrate how different soils representations in models can significantly alter the estimates of global evapotranspiration, water deficit, and surplus. This study contributes to developing a better understanding of the processes by which human-induced soil degradation impacts climate/hydrological models and providing a mechanism to better assess the impacts of humans on the Earth system. The outcome will also complement numerous ongoing global studies that evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources and society. / Graduate / 2023-08-09

In developing natural resources, decision makers are seeking to achieve different objectives, which cannot be reduced to a single objective such as economic efficiency, this covers only part of the problem. Tradeoffs between multiple objective of unequal importance is unavoidable in the process of selection or ranking of alternative developmental projects or plans. Multiobjective technique has the ability to deal with qualitative and quantitative objectives, also it enhances the planning process by involving broader segments of the society in the process of decision making. Compromise programming (CP) and utility worth analysis (UWA), two multiobjective methods were applied on Zarqa River Basin Project (ZRBP) in Jordan. Their appropriateness and suitability as decision aiding tools was examined in this study. For the purpose of the study, five criteria were developed to serve as a basis for the evaluation and 61 farmers and 15 technicians, planners and decision makers were interviewed. High consistency was observed among the results of ranking the six alternatives when both methods were applied, at the same time the ranking of the alternatives according to benefit/cost ratio and the internal rates of return as economic efficiency measures showed no agreement with the multiobjective ranking.

O etanol celulósico a partir da palhada de cana pode elevar a produção do bioetanol, porém esta é normalmente decomposta no campo. A degradação da parede celular no campo não foi elucidada e compreender este processo auxiliará na produção de etanol celulósico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a degradação da palhada de cana de açúcar no campo durante um ano. Foi analisada a composição da parede celular por fracionamento e composição dos monossacarídeos. Na parede celular, observou-se redução de 26% no teor de celulose enquanto houve aumento de 13% na fração de hemiceluloses mais solúveis. Mudanças na composição dos monossacarídeos das frações mostraram que o arabinoxilano (AX) foi o primeiro polímero a ser solubilizado (após 3 meses) seguido dos <font face=\"Symbol\">b-glucanos e celulose (após 6 meses). Isto sugere que o AX é a hemicelulose mais exposta e sua solubilização permitiu a degradação da celulose após 6 meses. A partir dos dados obtidos, sugeriu-se a utilização de xilanases seguidas de glucanases numa possível ordem de enzimas para produção de etanol celulósico. / The sugarcane straw cellulosic ethanol can increase bioethanol production, but the straw is usually degraded in the field. However, the process that leads the cell wall disassembly under field conditions is unknown and understanding how this happens can improve cellulosic ethanol production. In the present work we aimed at studying how sugarcane straw is degraded in the field during a year. Cell wall composition was determined by fractioning and determination of monosaccharide composition. Results showed a decrease (ca.26%) in cellulose content and an increase of 13% in high solubility hemicelluloses fraction. Changes in monosaccharide composition showed that the first polymer to be solubilised is the arabinoxylan (AX) (after 3 months) followed by <font face=\"Symbol\">b-glucans and cellulose (after 6 months). This suggests that AX is the most exposed hemicelullose and its solubilisation allowed cellulose degradation after 6 months. Our data suggest the use of xylanases followed by glucanases as an enzyme order to be used in cellulosic ethanol production from sugarcane straw.

A degradação de extensas áreas devido às atividades mineradoras a céu aberto tem trazido sérios prejuízos econômicos e, principalmente, graves danos ao ambiente. Esse tipo de atividade, além de alterar as características originais dos solos, levam a perda de grande parte de seus conteúdos de matéria orgânica e da biodiversidade natural, condições básicas para uma atividade biológica sustentável. A revegetação dos solos dessas áreas, com o objetivo de restabelecer suas características químicas, físicas e biológicas a um nível mínimo que permita o desenvolvimento de espécies vegetais e da atividade microbiana, tão importante no estabelecimento e sucessão da macrobiota, constitui-se numa prática muito recomendada. O objetivo dessa tese foi avaliar o potencial de reabilitação do solo degradado de uma área de mineração de cassiterita na região da Floresta Nacional do Jamari-RO, através de ensaios experimentais em casa-devegetação, utilizando-se a revegetação do rejeito com seis espécies de crescimento rápido e o manejo de microrganismos simbiontes fixadores do N2 e fungos micorrízicos arbusculares, associados ou não à adubação com composto orgânico e termofosfato. As espécies avaliadas foram Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Acacia mangium, Parkia multijuga, Schinus terebinthifolia e Inga edulis. Em casa-de-vegetação, os ensaios mostraram efeito significativo da aplicação do composto orgânico para todas as espécies cultivadas. A associação da adubação orgânica com a inoculação micorrízica produziu maiores incrementos no peso da matéria seca da parte aérea de C. cajan, A. mangium e S. terebinthifolia do que a adubação com composto orgânico sem inoculação micorrízica. As leguminosas nodulíferas C. cajan e A. mangium também produziram mais matéria seca de nódulos quando associadas à adubação orgânica e fungos micorrízicos. À exceção de P. multijuga, a acumulação de N e P na parte aérea foi aumentada na presença do composto orgânico em todas as espécies porém, em C. cajan, A. mangium e S. terebinthifolia, esse acúmulo foi maior nas plantas micorrizadas. Na ausência de adubação com composto orgânico algumas espécies micorrizadas mostraram maior eficiência na utilização do termofosfato. O pH do rejeito após cultivo foi sempre maior do que aquele do rejeito original. Entretanto, nos vasos que continham plantas inoculadas com FMA e adubadas com composto orgânico, este incremento foi menor. A inoculação com FMA contribuiu para o aumento da quantidade de micélio externo total para a maioria das espécies cultivadas no rejeito. Pelos resultados obtidos, podemos concluir que, para o sucesso da revegetação do rejeito de mineração de cassiterita, a adição de composto orgânico é essencial para o estabelecimento das plantas e da microbiota do solo. As plantas inoculadas com fungos micorrízicos e adubadas com composto orgânico se desenvolvem melhor no rejeito do que as plantas não micorrizadas. As espécies vegetais devem ser selecionadas preferencialmente entre as micotróficas e as nodulíferas, uma vez que podem se estabelecer no ambiente com um menor aporte de insumos e com práticas de manejo menos onerosas. / The increasing degraded soil areas caused by open cast mining activities has brought critical damages to the environment. The mine spoil must be ameliorated with anthropogenic interferences, consisting of revegetating soils, introducing organic matter and microbial diversity, basic conditions for a sustainable soil biological activity. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the rehabilitation potential of a mine spoil area by cultivating fast growing plant species and inoculating rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in the presense or absence of organic compost or thermophosphate. Thus, six plant species were cultivated under green-house conditions, to evaluate the potential of plant establishment on a cassiterite mining waste. Shoot height and dry weight, substrate pH, N and P shoot content, external mycelium and root nodule numbers and dry weight were determined. Fertilization with organic compost and mycorrhizal inoculation improved shoot dry weight of C. cajan, A. mangium and S. terebinthifolia and root nodule dry weight of the nodulating legumes. N and P shoot contents were higher in plants that were inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fertilized with organic compost. The soil pH after cultivation was always much higher than the initial pH, somewhat in the presense of organic compost and mycorrhizal inoculation of plants. External mycelium in the mining waste increased with mycorrhizal inoculation. We can conclude that for a successful revegetation of cassiterite mining spoil the addition of organic matter is essencial for plant and microrganism establishment. It provides a better nutrient cycling and improves chemical and physical substrate characteristics. Plants inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and growing in the presense of compost developded much better than non-mycorrhizal plants. Species selected for revegetation should be preferencially mycotrohphic and nodulating legumes as they will grow well even without the use of expensive fertilizers and management practices.

A região amazônica possui extensas áreas que foram desmatadas e convertidas em sistemas de pastagens. A falta de técnicas na implantação e no manejo destes sistemas resultou em inúmeras áreas de pastagens degradadas. A condução de experimentos de campo visando a reversão deste quadro está sendo avaliada no presente estudo. A área em estudo está localizada na Fazenda Nova Vida, município de Ariquemes, Estado de Rondônia/RO. O solo da fazenda foi classificado como Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo. Os tratamentos utilizados consistiram em dois sistemas de plantio direto (arroz e soja), aplicação de herbicida no controle de invasoras, operação de gradagem e a pastagem controle. O Intervalo Hídrico Ótimo (IHO), a densidade do solo, resistência à penetração, macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total e permeabilidade do solo ao ar foram determinadas. Não foi verificada diferença significativa entre os tratamentos utilizados. O solo estudado não apresentou restrições físicas ao crescimento de plantas. As variações na estrutura do solo são melhor avaliadas quando os fatores que afetam diretamente o crescimento de plantas são integrados em um único parâmetro. As propriedades físicas determinadas foram menos sensíveis que o IHO às alterações provocadas pelos sistemas de manejo. O IHO possui um grande potencial como índice de qualidade física do solo na avaliação de experimentos que visam a recuperação de pastagens degradadas, pois integra em um único parâmetro os fatores diretamente relacionados ao crescimento de plantas. / The Brazilian Amazon region has extensive areas that had been deforested and converted into pasture systems. The absence of adequate techniques in implementation and management of these pastures resulted in pasture degradation in several areas. Field experiments with objective of reverting the degradation process are being evaluated in this study. The field site was located at the Nova Vida farm, Ariquemes county, Rondonia State, Brazil. The soil at the farm was classified as "Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo" in agreement with Brazilian classification system. The treatments consisted of two no-tillage systems (rice and soybeans), weed control using herbicides, harrowing and control pasture. The Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR), soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and soil air permeability were also evaluated. There was no significant difference between treatments under evaluation. The soil estudied did not show physical restrictions to plants growth. Soil structure variations are better evaluated when the factors that affect directly plant growth are integrated in a single parameter. The soil physical properties evaluated were less sensitive than the LLWR to alterations caused by the management systems. The LLWR has a great potential as a soil physical quality index in the evaluation of experiments designed to recover degraded pastures because it integrates in a single parameter the factors directly related to plant growth.

Orientador: Marlene Cristina Alves / Banca: Hélio Ricardo Silva / Banca: Carlos Roberto Espindola / Resumo: O biossólido é um composto passível de utilização agronômica, sendo fonte de nutrientes para as culturas e condicionador de solo. Neste sentido, desenvolveu-se um trabalho que teve por escopo estudar a influência da reaplicação de doses de biossólido na recuperação de atributos físicos e químicos do solo e no desenvolvimento da cultura do eucalipto e da braquiária, num Latossolo Vermelho degradado. O estudo foi realizado cinco meses após a reaplicação do biossólido, numa área em recuperação cultivada há seis anos com eucalipto e braquiária. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo: Solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária sem adição de insumos; Solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária com adubação mineral; Solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária com reaplicação de 4,64 Mg ha-1 (base seca) de biossólido; Solo cultivado com eucalipto e braquiária com reaplicação de 9,28 Mg ha-1 (base seca) de biossólido; Solo exposto (sem qualquer cultivo ou adubação); Solo com vegetação natural de Cerrado. Estudou-se nas camadas do solo de 0,00- 0,05; 0,05-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e de 0,20-0,40 m, os atributos físicos: macroporosidade; microporosidade; porosidade total e a densidade do solo. Para os atributos químicos nas mesmas camadas os teores de: P, MO, pH, K, Ca, Mg, H+Al, SB, CTC e V%. Já para a cultura do eucalipto estudou-se a altura média de plantas e o diâmetro a altura do Peito (DAP) e na braquiária a massa fresca e seca. Verificou-se que a replicação do biossólido está recuperando o solo tanto em relação aos atributos físicos como químicos, sobretudo nas camadas mais superficiais, e que a maior dose influencia no desenvolvimento do eucalipto. Não foi constatada diferença significativa entre médias dos tratamentos para recuperação do solo da matéria... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The sludge is a compound capable of agricultural use, a source of nutrients for crops and soil conditioner. In this sense, has developed a work which objective on studying the influence of reapplication of biosolids in the recovery of physical and chemical properties of soil and the development of culture of eucalyptus and grass in a degraded Oxisol. The work was conducted five months after the biosolids re-application in a recovery area cultivated for six years under eucalyptus and pasture. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications, with: Solo under eucalyptus and pasture with no added inputs, soil under eucalyptus and pasture with mineral fertilization, soil under eucalyptus and pasture with reapplication of 4.64 Mg ha-1 (on dry basis) of sludge, soil under eucalyptus and pasture with reapplication of 9.28 Mg ha-1 (on dry basis) of sludge, soil exposed (without any cultivation or fertilization), soil with Savannah vegetation. Was studied in soil layers of 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m, the physical attributes: macroporosity, microporosity; porosity and soil bulk density. For the chemical in the same layers of levels: P, organic matter, pH, K, Ca,Mg, H+Al, SB, CEC and V%. As for the cultivation of eucalyptus studied the average plant height and diameter at breast height (DBH) and the grass fresh and dry. It was found that replication of the sludge is regaining ground in relation to both physical and chemical properties, especially in the surface layers, and the highest dose influences the plantations development. There was no significant difference between treatment means for soil recovery of fresh and dry grass, after reapplication of biosolids / Mestre

A degradação de extensas áreas devido às atividades mineradoras a céu aberto tem trazido sérios prejuízos econômicos e, principalmente, graves danos ao ambiente. Esse tipo de atividade, além de alterar as características originais dos solos, levam a perda de grande parte de seus conteúdos de matéria orgânica e da biodiversidade natural, condições básicas para uma atividade biológica sustentável. A revegetação dos solos dessas áreas, com o objetivo de restabelecer suas características químicas, físicas e biológicas a um nível mínimo que permita o desenvolvimento de espécies vegetais e da atividade microbiana, tão importante no estabelecimento e sucessão da macrobiota, constitui-se numa prática muito recomendada. O objetivo dessa tese foi avaliar o potencial de reabilitação do solo degradado de uma área de mineração de cassiterita na região da Floresta Nacional do Jamari-RO, através de ensaios experimentais em casa-devegetação, utilizando-se a revegetação do rejeito com seis espécies de crescimento rápido e o manejo de microrganismos simbiontes fixadores do N2 e fungos micorrízicos arbusculares, associados ou não à adubação com composto orgânico e termofosfato. As espécies avaliadas foram Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Acacia mangium, Parkia multijuga, Schinus terebinthifolia e Inga edulis. Em casa-de-vegetação, os ensaios mostraram efeito significativo da aplicação do composto orgânico para todas as espécies cultivadas. A associação da adubação orgânica com a inoculação micorrízica produziu maiores incrementos no peso da matéria seca da parte aérea de C. cajan, A. mangium e S. terebinthifolia do que a adubação com composto orgânico sem inoculação micorrízica. As leguminosas nodulíferas C. cajan e A. mangium também produziram mais matéria seca de nódulos quando associadas à adubação orgânica e fungos micorrízicos. À exceção de P. multijuga, a acumulação de N e P na parte aérea foi aumentada na presença do composto orgânico em todas as espécies porém, em C. cajan, A. mangium e S. terebinthifolia, esse acúmulo foi maior nas plantas micorrizadas. Na ausência de adubação com composto orgânico algumas espécies micorrizadas mostraram maior eficiência na utilização do termofosfato. O pH do rejeito após cultivo foi sempre maior do que aquele do rejeito original. Entretanto, nos vasos que continham plantas inoculadas com FMA e adubadas com composto orgânico, este incremento foi menor. A inoculação com FMA contribuiu para o aumento da quantidade de micélio externo total para a maioria das espécies cultivadas no rejeito. Pelos resultados obtidos, podemos concluir que, para o sucesso da revegetação do rejeito de mineração de cassiterita, a adição de composto orgânico é essencial para o estabelecimento das plantas e da microbiota do solo. As plantas inoculadas com fungos micorrízicos e adubadas com composto orgânico se desenvolvem melhor no rejeito do que as plantas não micorrizadas. As espécies vegetais devem ser selecionadas preferencialmente entre as micotróficas e as nodulíferas, uma vez que podem se estabelecer no ambiente com um menor aporte de insumos e com práticas de manejo menos onerosas. / The increasing degraded soil areas caused by open cast mining activities has brought critical damages to the environment. The mine spoil must be ameliorated with anthropogenic interferences, consisting of revegetating soils, introducing organic matter and microbial diversity, basic conditions for a sustainable soil biological activity. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the rehabilitation potential of a mine spoil area by cultivating fast growing plant species and inoculating rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in the presense or absence of organic compost or thermophosphate. Thus, six plant species were cultivated under green-house conditions, to evaluate the potential of plant establishment on a cassiterite mining waste. Shoot height and dry weight, substrate pH, N and P shoot content, external mycelium and root nodule numbers and dry weight were determined. Fertilization with organic compost and mycorrhizal inoculation improved shoot dry weight of C. cajan, A. mangium and S. terebinthifolia and root nodule dry weight of the nodulating legumes. N and P shoot contents were higher in plants that were inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fertilized with organic compost. The soil pH after cultivation was always much higher than the initial pH, somewhat in the presense of organic compost and mycorrhizal inoculation of plants. External mycelium in the mining waste increased with mycorrhizal inoculation. We can conclude that for a successful revegetation of cassiterite mining spoil the addition of organic matter is essencial for plant and microrganism establishment. It provides a better nutrient cycling and improves chemical and physical substrate characteristics. Plants inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and growing in the presense of compost developded much better than non-mycorrhizal plants. Species selected for revegetation should be preferencially mycotrohphic and nodulating legumes as they will grow well even without the use of expensive fertilizers and management practices.