論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2002. / 參考文獻 (p. 341-355). / 中英文摘要. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. / Can kao wen xian (p. 341-355).

袁同凯. / 论文(哲学博士)--香港中文大学, 2002. / 参考文献 (p. 235-255). / 中英文摘要. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Yuan Tongkai. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. / Can kao wen xian (p. 235-255).

This study analyses the culture, knowledge and resource use patterns of the Karang tribe in Phong-Luk village, which is located at the Kaengkrachan National Park. The goal of this project is to reveal the culture-based local wisdom of the Karang tribe that is consistent with sustainable environmental resource management and to recommend guidelines for governments to revise existing policies related to the tribe that are relevant with their cultural ways of life. This project is expected to enhance awareness of local wisdom and offer a strategy to relieve the pressure of resource use between the tribe and the national park. The specific objectives of this research were to 1) analyze the local production practices, land utilization practices and belief, and 2) identify and analyze the key issues of local wisdom that are consistent with the conservation and sustainable management of the local natural resources and the environment. Finally, the analysis explored the affects of the existing policies (e.g., national park and development promotion policies) on the tribe's livelihood and the expected impact on the natural environments due to the shift in practices of the tribe. analysis explored the affects of the existing policies (e.g., national park and development promotion policies) on the tribe's livelihood and the expected impact on the natural environments due to the shift in practices of the tribe. This research utilized a qualitative research methodology to study and understand the overall picture of the community. Interview and observation techniques were used to identify the important issues, which included the history and settlement of the community, production patterns, land utilization patterns, belief systems, relationships within the community and government policies. The research indicates that traditional production practices, traditional land tenure arrangements and cultural beliefs provide the tribe a means of self-reliance and environmental sustainability. However, these customary practices and beliefs are being threatened by government policies. Therefore, the recommendations are provided to guide policymakers in ways to incorporate the wisdom of the tribe in future decisions. / Graduation date: 2002

The Border Trade between border provinces of Mainland China and their neighboring countries is a unique form of economy and trade. Before the reform and opening up in 1978, due to political, diplomatic, secure and planned economic considerations, the border trade had been rather limited. After the reform and opening, PRC began to reform foreign trade regime and to execute decentralization. Provinces scrambled developing foreign trade to prosper local economy. Border provinces, geographically in disadvantage, relied on border trade as a means of boosting economy, which has been featured in the model of foreign trade. Meanwhile, in order to take care of the ethnic minority in border provinces, the government has applied preferential rules successively to help promote border trade. Since the 1980¡¦s, accompanied with the improvements of relation between the PRC and its neighboring countries, Mainland China began to pay attention to the development of border trade. The Guangxi¡¦s ethnic minority lives in a gathered community. Owing to poor natural circumstances and long-term fighting, it has become one of the economically laggard provinces of border. Guangxi borders on Vietnam. Bilateral border trade has a long history, though it had been interrupted for a certain time due to strategic status and deterioration of China-Vietnam relationship. Until the relationship was normalized in the end of 1991, the border trade between both sides reached a new stage. While the PRC carries out an open-door system for border and has endowed with border trade preferential policies since 1992, Vietnam also executes opening the market and reforming economic policies. In consequence, the amount of Guangxi-Vietnam¡¦s border trade has been growing fast; border trade carries a heavy weight in foreign trade. Border trades make effects on promoting the living standard, increasing the income of frontiers, escalating local government¡¦s revenue, improving local construction, adjusting industrial structure, attracting foreign investment, strengthening local economic capability, benefiting the frontier steadiness and people united, as well as expanding good relationship with neighboring-countries. Obviously, border trades have made a significant meaning and contribution in economic development. Recently, it became a trend for countries and regions all over the world to carry out a closer economic cooperation on free trade, and form a regional economic group. Appropriate method to develop Guangxi¡¦s border trade is to furthermore become involved in the framework of economic regionalization of the neighboring-countries, to enlarge the magnitude of foreign-trade and to strengthen economic and trade cooperation with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.

published_or_final_version / Education / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

In spite of the substantial amount of critical work that has been produced on Indian cinema in the last decade, misconceptions about Indian cinema still abound. Indian cinema is a subject about which conceptions are still muddy, even within prominent academic circles. The majority of the recent critical work on the subject endeavors to correct misconceptions, analyze cinematic norms and lay down the theoretical foundations for Indian cinema. This dissertation conducts a study of the cinema from India with a view to examine the extent to which such cinema represents an anti-colonial vision. The political resistance of Indian films to colonial and neo-colonial norms, and their capacity to formulate a national identity is the primary focus of the current study.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Tsukuba, 2003. / Title from title screen (viewed March 18, 2009)

ABSTRACT SELECTIVE MISSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUNKHUN FOR MINISTRY AMONG THE KHON MUANG Thomas Lowell Bohnert, Ph.D. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2018 Chair: Dr. George H. Martin The purpose of this dissertation is to examine a socio-cultural barrier to the gospel among the Khon Muang of Northern Thailand. The thesis of this dissertation is that bunkhun is an essential cultural factor that missionaries must understand to build and maintain healthy relationships among the Khon Muang. Chapter 1 introduces the problem and the methodology for analyzing the problem was described. Chapter 2 contains an ethnographic description of the Khon Muang people along with an examined of the salient literature about bunkhun. The examination of the salient literature revealed that bunkhun relationships are established by two means: they are established either because a client recognizes the ascribed status of a patron, or because individual acts of graciousness overwhelm the client with gratitude. Chapter 3 examines the function of bunkhun among the Khon Muang. A matrix for characterizing bunkhun relationships was developed and presented. A theory for understanding bunkhun was described. Bunkhun is a cultural system that maintains social smoothing values and skills, reinforces traditional ideas about the ideal character qualities of both a patron and a client, and regulates the relationships between a patron and a client among the Khon Muang. Chapter 4 surveys the Bible to define and describe the patron titles of God. The obligations of the client were also presented. Finally, a short survey outlining the biblical concept of grace was detailed. Bunkhun has similarities to grace, but the two are different. Chapter 5 deals with several missiological implications of bunkhun. First, bunkhun is a form of patron-client system thus, it is incumbent upon missionaries to understand the cultural context so that clear communication occurs. Second, honor and shame themes are embedded in the bunkhun system. Learning to utilize skills good intercultural communications skills is necessary for missionaries serving in Northern Thailand. Finally, several suggestions were offered to address implications related to evangelism, discipleship, fellowship and leadership development. These thoughts are all offered tentatively as more research is needed to verify their veracity. Chapter 6 provides an overall summary for the project.

This study explores grammatical markers with meanings similar to the English perfect tense and words like already, as found in numerous languages across the world, and perhaps especially in languages of Southeast Asia, with the aim of describing the main function of these markers. Such items have previously been treated as belonging to the same category as the perfects of European languages but are tentatively termed "iamitives" in this study (from Latin iam 'already') since they differ from perfects in many respects. The investigation focusses on the semantic and pragmatic factors that determine the use of iamitive-like markers in Indonesian/Malay, Thai, Vietnamese and Mandarin Chinese, based on questionnaire data obtained through work with native speakers of the languages, with additional data coming from a number of languages spoken in other parts of the world. The results highlight the differences and similarities that can be found between iamitives, perfects and 'already', and explicates a number of conditions that are crucial for the use of iamitives, notably involving notions such as change-of-state and speaker expectations

This qualitative dissertation uses an Indian dance studio based in the suburbs of a mid-sized Florida city as an entry point to examine how racism impacts the local upwardly mobile Asian Indian community. Utilizing two and a half years of ethnographic data collected at the studio as a Bollywood instructor, 24 in-depth interviews with Indian immigrant parents and their children, 12 self-portraits drawn by children during their interviews, and home visits with 13 families, this project examines the strategies of accommodation and resistance that Indian families use to construct a sense of home and belonging. Applying socialization, visual research methods, critical race, and feminist scholarship to the exploration of how the local Indian immigrant community builds a sense of home and belonging within a nation whose success is a product of racial domination, this project makes four innovative and distinctive contributions to sociological research on socialization, U.S. immigration, and contemporary race relations. In the first data chapter, I coin and develop the term cultural cultivation to describe strategic ethno-cultural socialization efforts immigrant parents use to preserve a culture ‘left behind’ (Ram 2005). Cultural cultivation adds a nuanced dimension to ethno-cultural socialization studies by demonstrating that these efforts are laborious, often regarded as women’s work, and effectively operate as an ‘added step’ to Hochschild and Machung’s (2003) work on the “second shift.” The second data chapter utilizes an innovative research technique of having children draw self-portraits. While cultural cultivation helps children develop a meaningful attachment to Indian culture, self-portraits and interview data uncovered experiences of being teased and feeling ‘left out.’ As a result, many children forged what Portes and Rumbaut (2001) call a “reactive ethnicity” as a way to cope with prejudice and discrimination and construct a sense of identity and belonging. The third data chapter examines the ways families minimized and internalized experiences of prejudice and discrimination. Rather than recognizing them as a part of structural racism, many immigrant parents regarded racial offenses as a deserved response to individual misbehaviors or inadequacies that were to be pointed out and corrected. This internalization prompted several of the interviewees to police their and their children’s actions when in the presence of non-Indians in an attempt to preemptively minimize prejudicial statements and discrimination. For the last data chapter, by revealing the enduring hardships related to socialization and assimilation, I argue that high levels of assimilation and acculturation were also commonly accompanied by what I call immigrant outsiderness, or the subjective dimensions of the migration experience which are marked by 1. Lack of cultural inclusion, 2. Lack of social inclusion, and 3. Feelings of emotional disconnect. Data demonstrate that in spite of meeting the objective benchmarks typically associated with successful structural integration, acculturation, and assimilation, the immigrant experiences of this “model minority” are bounded and characterized by cultural and social exclusion as well as an emotional disconnect. This dissertation concludes by urging both a critical exploration and integration of how Asian Indians and South Asians fit into the contemporary racial landscape beyond terms like “model minority” and “honorary white” so that we can have a more honest and complex understanding of the role racial domination plays in our everyday lives.