Thesis--University of the Witwatersrand. / Bibliography: p. [363]-384.

Thesis--University of the Witwatersrand. / Bibliography: p. [363]-384.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1999. / Restricted until November 2000. Bibliography: leaves 100-109.

Presented as Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1914. / Cover title. Reprinted from Journal of morphology, vol. 25, no. 4 (Dec. 1914). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 627-629).

Thesis (M.S. in animal science)--Washington State University, May 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T17:09:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-20. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-20T17:27:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000843900.pdf: 4080411 bytes, checksum: cf0232eb08a31cb185e163f6ba5a3998 (MD5) / Em teleósteos, a utilização de transplante de espermatogônias tronco está criando um cenário novo e promissor na área de biotecnologia e produção em aquicultura, possibilitando a preservação de espécies em perigo de extinção. Esta técnica consiste na remoção de células tronco espermatogoniais do testículo de um animal doador e a sua transferência para o testículo de um receptor. Para garantir a eficiência desta técnica o receptor deve ter sua espermatogênese endógena suprimida, pois a eficiência do transplante depende do sucesso na competição entre células germinativas transplantadas e células germinativas endógenas nos túbulos seminíferos. Este estudo teve por objetivo promover experimentalmente a depleção da espermatogênese endógena de Devario aequipinnatus, por meio da droga quimioterápica Myleran (Busulfan) e sua associação com a temperatura de 30°C. Foram definidas quatro fases de maturação gonadal para o ciclo testicular de D. aequipinnatus: Maturação Inicial, Maturação Intermediária, Maturação Final e Regressão, essas definições tiveram como base as alterações do epitélio germinativo testicular associado aos estágios das células germinativas presentes. Para depleção foram testadas duas dosagens, no T15/18 foram aplicadas duas injeções, via intracelomática, com intervalo de 10 dias entre as mesmas, sendo a primeira dose de 15 mg kg -1 Myleran (Busulfan) e a segunda com 18 mg kg -1 de Myleran. No T40 foi aplicado somente uma injeção contendo 40 mg kg -1 de Myleran (Busulfan). Como grupo controle foi utilizado uma unidade experimental sem a inclusão de qualquer tipo de droga, em que os animais permaneceram sob as mesmas condições de temperatura, alimentação e fotoperíodo oferecidas para os animais utilizados dos tratamentos. O T15/18 e o T40 apresentaram uma redução significativa na quantidade de Espermatócitos e consequentemente um aumento na quantidade de lúmen... / In teleosts, the use of spermatogonial stem transplant is creating a new and promising scenario in the area of biotechnology and aquaculture production, enabling the preservation of species in danger of extinction. This technique involves the removal of spermatogonial stem cells of the testis of a donor animal and its transfer to the testicle of a receiver. To ensure the efficiency of this technique the receiver shall have its endogenous spermatogenesis deleted because the transplant efficiency depends on the success in the competition between transplanted germ cells and endogenous germ cells in the seminiferous tubules. This study aimed to experimentally promote depletion of endogenous spermatogenesis Devario aequipinnatus through the chemotherapy drug Myleran (Busulfan) and its association with the temperature 30 ° C. Maturation of four phases have been defined for testicular cycle D. aequipinnatus: Maturation Home, Intermediate maturation, maturation and Final Regression, these definitions were based on the changes of the testicular germinal epithelium associated with the stages of germ cells present. For depletion two doses were tested in the T15 / 18 were applied two injections via intracelomic with an interval of 10 days between them, the first dose of 15 mg kg-1 Myleran (Busulfan) and second with 18 mg kg- 1 Myleran. T40 was applied only in an injection containing 40 mg kg-1 Myleran (Busulfan). The control group was used an experimental unit without the inclusion of any type of drug, where the animals were kept under the same conditions of temperature, photoperiod and food offered to the animals used treatments. The T15 / 18 and T40 showed a significant reduction in the number of spermatocytes and consequently an increase in the amount tubular lumen in the testes of the animals examined. Three days after application of Busulfan for both single dose and double dose of Busulfan for an increase in pyknosis in spermatogonia ...

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Thesis (M. Tech.) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2007 / Four different South African indigenous (Naked Neck (NN), Ovambo (OVB), Venda (VD) and Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK) chicken breeds were used in this study. From each of the four breeds of chicken, 40 hens and 8 cocks were selected randomly. Two groups each of sixteen cocks were subsequently formed: high performing (HP) and low performing (LP) groups to determine the relationships between cock semen viability and the fertility of artificially inseminated South African indigenous layer breeds. Semen was collected following five minutes of sexual massage (5SM) and evaluated for semen volume (ml), sperm motility (%), live sperm (%) and total sperm (x109/ml). Semen from each cock was then used to inseminate five hens per breed, in each treatment. Each hen was inseminated twice a week throughout the duration of the trial. During the experimental period, each hen was inseminated with 0.05 ml diluted semen. The artificially inseminated hens were examined for average egg weight (g), fertility (%), hatchability of set eggs (%), live chicks (%), normal chicks (%) and chick weight (g). A total of 1600 eggs, i.e. 400 eggs from each breed were collected in three batches following artificial insemination from individually caged hens and were hatched to compare hatching parameters among breeds. The hatchability traits of hens of the four breeds (NN, OVB, PK and VD) were compared. Hatching egg weight had significant (P < 0.05) difference among the four breeds. The results of this study indicate that semen viability exemplified by ejaculate volume, sperm motility; live sperm and total sperm per ejaculate were significantly (P < 0.01) superior in the HP cocks compared to the LP cocks. Hens inseminated with semen from the HP cocks in each experimental group resulted in higher egg weight (g), fertility (%), hatchability of set eggs (%), live chicks (%), normal chicks (%) and chick weight (g). Significant positive relationships existed between semen volume and sperm motility (P < 0.05), semen volume and live sperm cells (P < 0.01), semen volume and total sperm (P < 0.01) in NN, OVB and VD, with negative correlations in PK. Some positive correlations were found between sperm motility and live spermatozoa (P < 0.01), sperm motility and total sperm (P < 0.01), live sperm and total sperm (P< 0.01) in NN, OVB, PK and VND. Fertility was the highest in the HP group. Fertility was also the highest in PK, intermediate and similar in OVB and NN and lowest in VD (P<0.05). Breed had a significant effect on hatchability of fertile eggs (P<0.05). Hatchability of total eggs set was highest in PK and NN, intermediate in OVB and lowest in VD (P<0.05). Breed had a significant effect on live, normal chicks and chick weight (P<0.05). Live chick was the highest in NN, whereas at day-old, normal chick and chick weight at hatching were the highest (23.50 ± 0.11) (P<0.05) in PK (98.14 ± 0.67 vs. 37.90 ± 0.28 g), intermediate and similar in NN (87.90 ± 0.63 vs. 23.50 ± 0.11) and OVB (87.75 ± 0.45 vs. 32.81 ± 0.49 g) and the lowest but with an acceptable value in VD (76.85 ± 0.46 vs. 26.90 ± 0.36 g). There were some correlations among different hatchability traits depending on breed. The correlations were more profound among PK. It was clear that chick weight as percent of egg weight was not just a function of egg weight, and that genotype also played an important role favouring the heavier breeds. The results obtained in this study on the relationships between cock semen viability and the fertility of artificially inseminated South African indigenous layer breeds elucidate that the use of high performing (HP) cocks following five minutes of sexual massage, prior to semen collection and artificial insemination of layers is a practical method for optimising sperm viability and subsequent fertility of hens. The results of this study suggest that the Potchefstroom Koekoek (PK) cocks and hens are superior to the Naked Necks (NN), Ovambo (OVB) and Venda (VD). The Ovambo and Naked Neck cocks ranked second in donating quality semen as well as in improving the fertility and hatchability traits of the indigenous chicken breeds. Thus selection of high performing cocks through five minutes sexual massage prior to semen collection and use is recommended for poultry AI breeding programmes.

Orientador: Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo Oliveira / Banca: Grasiela de Campos Dias Severi Aguiar / Banca: Patrícia Simone Leite Vilamaior / Resumo: Os triatomíneos, insetos hematófagos estritos em todas as fases da vida, conhecidos popularmente como "barbeiros" ou "chupanças", pertencem à subfamília Triatominae (Heteroptera - Reduviidae) e são importantes vetores da doença de Chagas. Os interesses nos estudos desses insetos não se limitam apenas a questão médico-sanitária, pois em termos citogenéticos, também são de grande importância. Além disso, a sistemática e relações filogenéticas dos triatomíneos têm sido pautadas em análises morfológicas formando um quadro de conflitos taxonômicos. Assim, por meio da descrição cariotípica de T. baratai sugerimos que dados citogenéticos sejam incorporados aos sistemas de classificação dos triatomíneos. Também foi analisada a diversidade de bandas produzidas com o uso de enzimas de restrição AluI (AG ↓ CT) e Hae III (GG ↓ CC) nas espécies de T. tibiamaculata, T. protacta e T. platensis, alojadas em três diferentes complexos. Os dados obtidos mostraram padrões semelhantes em cromossomos autossômicos e sexuais e comportamentos ora distintos ora semelhantes em núcleos interfásicos. O estudo da proteína nucleolar fibrilarina, por meio de técnicas de imunofluorescência, foi realizada para verificar sua presença no corpo cromatoide, estrutura citoplasmática próximo do envoltório nuclear, de T. platensis e T. rubrovaria. Os dados obtidos no presente estudos aliados com outras técnicas auxiliarão na compreensão da biologia desses vetores da doença de Chagas / Abstract: The triatomine hematophagous insects strict at all stages of life, popularly known as "kissing bugs" or "chupanças" belong to the subfamily Triatominae (Heteroptera - Reduviidae) and are important vectors of Chagas disease. The interests in the studies of these insects are not limited to medical and health issue, because in terms cytogenetic, are also of great importance. Moreover, the systematic and phylogenetic relationships of the insects have been guided by morphological analyzes forming a taxonomic framework of conflict. Thus, by describing karyotype of T. baratai suggest that cytogenetic data are incorporated into the rating systems of the insects. Also analyzed the diversity of bands produced with the use of restriction enzymes AluI (AG ↓ CT) and Hae III (GG ↓ CC) on the species T. tibiamaculata, T. protacta and T. platensis, housed in three different complexes. The information obtained showed similar patterns in autosomal chromosomes and sexual behavior and sometimes different now similar in interphase nuclei. The study of nucleolar protein fibrillarin, by means of immunofluorescence was performed to verify its presence in chromatoid body, cytoplasmic structure near the nuclear envelope, T. platensis and T. rubrovaria. The information obtained in this study combined with other techniques will help understand the biology of these vectors of Chagas disease / Mestre

Orientador: Eliana Morielle Versute / Banca:Wagner André Pedro / Banca: Sandra Regina de Carvalho Marchesin / Resumo: Chiroptera é a segunda maior ordem de mamíferos e possui distribuição mundial e, como consequência, apresenta uma grande diversidade de comportamento, hábito alimentar e estratégias reprodutivas. Entretanto, a maioria dos estudos relativos à reprodução é feita com espécies de morcegos de clima temperado, pouco se sabendo sobre a reprodução de morcegos de clima tropical. Vespertilionidae é a família que apresenta a maior distribuição dentro da Ordem. No Brasil, são referenciados cinco gêneros da família, entre eles, o gênero Eptesicus, com espécies exclusivamente insetívoras. São seis espécies brasileiras de Eptesicus, sendo essas simpátricas e com grande semelhança morfológica entre si, e para as quais há poucas informações sobre os aspectos reprodutivos e até mesmo sobre a variação morfológica, o que dificulta a identificação precisa de cada espécie. Eptesicus furinalis é a espécie que possui a maior distribuição entre as seis espécies brasileiras do gênero. Portanto, foram objetivos desse trabalho, analisar o processo da espermatogênese, o ciclo do epitélio seminífero e a ultraestrutura do espermatozoide, e analisar a variação morfológica do crânio, a morfologia do báculo e do cariótipo, contribuindo não só para o entendimento dos padrões reprodutivos das espécies de morcegos tropicais, mas também na taxonomia do gênero. O epitélio seminífero apresentou o padrão básico de mamíferos, e a espermiogênese pode ser dividida em sete estádios (na microscopia de luz) ou doze estádios (na microscopia eletrônica de transmissão), de acordo com os parâmetros da condensação e distribuição da cromatina e pelo método da formação do acrossomo, respectivamente. A espécie apresentou um processo de regressão testicular, similar ao observado em morcegos hibernantes de clima temperado, fato intrigante, uma vez que E. furinalis é uma espécie exclusivamente tropical e não hibernante ... / Abstract: Chiroptera is the second largest mammalian order with worldwide distribution and, as a result, present a great diversity of reproductive strategies. Indeed, most studies on reproduction are performed with bat species from temperate zones, and little is known about the tropical bats reproduction. Vespertilionidae is the family with the largest distribution within the Order. Five genera occur in Brazil and among them there are the genus Eptesicus, with exclusively insectivorous species. Six species of Eptesicus occur in Brazil, and these are sympatric and has great morphological resemblance to each other, and there is little information on the reproductive aspects of them and even of morphological variation, making it difficult to accurately identify each species. E. furinalis is the most disperse species of Eptesicus in Brazil. Thus, the aims of this work was to analyse the process of spermatogenesis, the seminiferous epithelium cycle and the ultrastructure of the spermatozoon, and analyse the morphological variation of the skull, baculum and karyotype, in order to increase informations about the reproductive patterns of tropical bat species and about the taxonomy of Eptesicus. The semineferous epithelium showed the basic mammalian pattern and the spermiogenesis could be divided into seven steps (light microscopy) or twelve steps (PAS method and transmission elctron microscopy), when analyzed by the parameters of the chromatin distribution and condensation and by the acrosome method, respectively. E. furinalis showed a process of testicular regression similar to testicular regression in hibernating bats of temperate zones, which is an intriguing fact, since E. furinalis is an exclusive tropical species and does not hibernates. The seminiferous epithelium cycle presented no fixed cell associations throughout the seminiferous tubule, as is expected in mammals, however, exhibited eight frequent stages when analyzed by the tubular morpholoy ... / Mestre