Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have gained renewed interest due to their high energy-conversion efficiency, new discovery of fossil fuel sources, and low greenhouse gas emission. However, performance degradation during long-term operation is one of the greatest challenges to overcome for commercialization of SOFCs. At intermediate temperatures, chromium (Cr) vapor species that form over chromia-forming alloy interconnect, can transport and deposit in the cathode, and poison the cathode performance. Although extensive studies have been conducted on the Cr-poisoning phenomena, the mechanism of cathode performance degradation still needs to be clarified. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the degradation mechanisms and develop corresponding mitigation strategies. In this research, anode-supported cells with (La,Sr)MnO3-based cathode were fabricated. The cells were electrochemically tested with and without the presence of chromia-forming alloy interconnect, and operating conditions including cathode atmosphere, current condition, and interconnect contact were varied independently. It was found that both humidity and cathodic current promote chromium poisoning. Microstructural characterizations also confirmed that larger amounts of chromium-containing deposits are present at the cathode/electrolyte interfaces of the cell tested with cathodic current and/or humidity. With the help of free energy minimization calculations, the equilibrium cell potentials for Cr vapor species reductions are estimated and found to be very close to the open-circuit potential of the cell. Combining the experimental and computational results, the roles of humidity and cathodic current in Cr-poisoning are evaluated, and a mechanism associated to Cr vapor species dissociation at the triple-phase-boundaries is proposed. To evaluate the Cr-poisoning effects on cell performance, an analytical polarization model is used for quantitatively separating the contribution of various cell polarizations. By curve-fitting the current-voltage traces to this model, the changes of cathode polarizations due to Cr-poisoning are quantified. Under normal operating conditions, the cathodic activation polarization is determined to be most negatively impacted by Cr-poisoning. Mitigation of the Cr-poisoning effects using a dense lab-developed CuMn1.8O4 spinel interconnect coating was demonstrated. Employing the spinel coated interconnect mesh in on-cell tests, it was found that both the degradation in cell performance and Cr deposition in the cathode are significantly mitigated.

This thesis concerns catalytic combustion for gas turbineapplication using a low heating-value (LHV) gas, derived fromgasified waste. The main research in catalytic combustionfocuses on methane as fuel, but an increasing interest isdirected towards catalytic combustion of LHV fuels. This thesisshows that it is possible to catalytically combust a LHV gasand to oxidize fuel-bound nitrogen (NH3) directly into N2without forming NOX. The first part of the thesis gives abackground to the system. It defines waste, shortly describesgasification and more thoroughly catalytic combustion. The second part of the present thesis, paper I, concerns thedevelopment and testing of potential catalysts for catalyticcombustion of LHV gases. The objective of this work was toinvestigate the possibility to use a stable metal oxide insteadof noble metals as ignition catalyst and at the same timereduce the formation of NOX. In paper II pilot-scale tests werecarried out to prove the potential of catalytic combustionusing real gasified waste and to compare with the resultsobtained in laboratory scale using a synthetic gas simulatinggasified waste. In paper III, selective catalytic oxidation fordecreasing the NOX formation from fuel-bound nitrogen wasexamined using two different approaches: fuel-lean andfuel-rich conditions. Finally, the last part of the thesis deals with deactivationof catalysts. The various deactivation processes which mayaffect high-temperature catalytic combustion are reviewed inpaper IV. In paper V the poisoning effect of low amounts ofsulfur was studied; various metal oxides as well as supportedpalladium and platinum catalysts were used as catalysts forcombustion of a synthetic gas. In conclusion, with the results obtained in this thesis itwould be possible to compose a working catalytic system for gasturbine application using a LHV gas. <b>Keywords:</b>Catalytic combustion; Gasified waste; LHVfuel; RDF; Biomass; Selective catalytic oxidation; NH3; NOX;Palladium; Platinum; Hexaaluminate; Garnet; Spinel;Deactivation; Sulfur; Poisoning

The present thesis was to study non-metallic inclusions during vacuum degassing in ladle treatment. Emphasize was mostly given to liquid CaO-Al2O3 inclusions. A series of industrial experiments were carried out at Uddeholm Tooling AB, Hagfors, Sweden. To gain an insight into the industrial findings, laboratory investigations were also performed. Large number of steel samples were collected and examined. Liquid calcium aluminate inclusions with low SiO2 and high SiO2 were often found with spinel inclusions before vacuum degassing. Laboratory experiments showed that spinel would react with the dissolved Ca in the liquid steel forming calcium aluminate inclusions. This laboratory results agreed with the industrial observation that spinel phase was quite often found in the center of the calcium aluminate phase. After vacuum degassing, most of the inclusions were calcium aluminate liquid inclusions. When dissolved Al level was low, 2 types of liquid calcium aluminate inclusions with considerably different SiO2 contents were found to coexist even at the end of the process. In view of the lack of the thermodynamic data for SiO2 activities in the low silica region, thermodynamic measurements were conducted in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO system. The experimental results could reasonably explain the coexistence of the two types of the liquid oxide inclusions. While the total number of inclusions decreased during vacuum degassing, the number of bigger inclusions (&gt;11.3 μm) increased generally in used ladles. This finding was in accordance with the previous studies, wherein, ladle glaze was found to be responsible for the supply of bigger inclusions. The behaviors of several types of inclusions in liquid steel were examined using a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). While alumina inclusions tended to impact on each other, agglomerate and grow very quickly, none of the other types of inclusions, such as spinel and calcium aluminate was observed to agglomerate. The results of LSCM study agreed well with the industrial observation. Examination on a huge number of inclusions did not show any indication of impact and physical growth of the inclusions, except the alumina inclusions. The removal of inclusions around open-eye in a gas-stirred ladle was experimentally studied by a cold model with oil and water. Most of the simulated inclusions were brought up to the oil phase by gas-water plume. Inclusion removal into oil layer took place when the inclusions passed through the sphere-bed of the oil layer around the open-eye. A calculation showed that the contribution of metal-gas plume in inclusion removal was much larger than that of buoyancy mechanism. The results of the industrial experiments revealed that the inclusions distribution strongly depended on stirring condition. When a ladle was stirred by both gas and induction, inclusion removal near slag layer was significant. / QC 20100803

In this presentation it is demonstrated that the unique magnetic properties of superparamagnetic cobalt-spinel ferrite nanoparticles can be employed in several novel applications. A method to selectively capture and remove pathogens from infected organisms to improve longevity is presented. Evidence is provided to show that automated methods using modified forms of hemofiltration or peritoneal dialysis could be used to eliminate the particle/pathogen or particle/infected cell conjugates from the organism postoperatively. It is shown that disparately functionalized nanoparticles can be used in concert as drug carrier and release mechanisms. Lastly, we provide preliminary evidence to support the use of magnetic nanoparticles for controlling reaction kinetics.

<p>This thesis concerns catalytic combustion for gas turbineapplication using a low heating-value (LHV) gas, derived fromgasified waste. The main research in catalytic combustionfocuses on methane as fuel, but an increasing interest isdirected towards catalytic combustion of LHV fuels. This thesisshows that it is possible to catalytically combust a LHV gasand to oxidize fuel-bound nitrogen (NH3) directly into N2without forming NOX. The first part of the thesis gives abackground to the system. It defines waste, shortly describesgasification and more thoroughly catalytic combustion.</p><p>The second part of the present thesis, paper I, concerns thedevelopment and testing of potential catalysts for catalyticcombustion of LHV gases. The objective of this work was toinvestigate the possibility to use a stable metal oxide insteadof noble metals as ignition catalyst and at the same timereduce the formation of NOX. In paper II pilot-scale tests werecarried out to prove the potential of catalytic combustionusing real gasified waste and to compare with the resultsobtained in laboratory scale using a synthetic gas simulatinggasified waste. In paper III, selective catalytic oxidation fordecreasing the NOX formation from fuel-bound nitrogen wasexamined using two different approaches: fuel-lean andfuel-rich conditions.</p><p>Finally, the last part of the thesis deals with deactivationof catalysts. The various deactivation processes which mayaffect high-temperature catalytic combustion are reviewed inpaper IV. In paper V the poisoning effect of low amounts ofsulfur was studied; various metal oxides as well as supportedpalladium and platinum catalysts were used as catalysts forcombustion of a synthetic gas.</p><p>In conclusion, with the results obtained in this thesis itwould be possible to compose a working catalytic system for gasturbine application using a LHV gas.</p><p><b>Keywords:</b>Catalytic combustion; Gasified waste; LHVfuel; RDF; Biomass; Selective catalytic oxidation; NH3; NOX;Palladium; Platinum; Hexaaluminate; Garnet; Spinel;Deactivation; Sulfur; Poisoning</p>

Σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν η ανάπτυξη ενός αποτελεσματικού καταλυτικού συστήματος με βάση το χαλκό, για την αναμόρφωση της μεθανόλης. Για το σκοπό αυτό εξετάστηκαν οι καταλυτικές ιδιότητες τριών συστημάτων βασιζόμενων σε καταλύτες χαλκού και παρασκευασμένων με τη μη συμβατική μέθοδο της καύσης: CuO-CeO2, τροποποιημένων καταλυτών CuO-CeO2 και Cu-Mn-O για την προαναφερθείσα διεργασία, καθώς και τα βέλτιστα δείγματα των καταλυτών CuO-CeO2 και Cu-Mn-O υποστηριγμένων σε μεταλλικούς αφρούς Al. Τα φυσικοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά των καταλυτών CuO-CeO2, βρέθηκαν να εξαρτώνται από τις παραμέτρους σύνθεσης. Ο βέλτιστος καταλύτης παρασκευάστηκε με λόγο Cu/(Cu+Ce)= 0.15. Στους τροποποιημένους καταλύτες CuO-CeO2, ένα μέρος του τροποποιητή εισχωρεί στο πλέγμα της δημήτριας, οδηγώντας στο σχηματισμό στερεού διαλύματος. Αυτό είχε ως αποτέλεσμα να επηρεαστούν τα φυσικοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά των δειγμάτων, αλλά και η καταλυτική συμπεριφορά τους. Οι σπινελικοί καταλύτες Cu-Mn-O είναι πολύ ενεργοί παρά τη μικρή ειδική επιφάνειά τους. Η ενεργότητά τους είναι συγκρίσιμη με αυτή των εμπορικών καταλυτών Cu-Zn-Al. Ο βέλτιστος καταλύτης ήταν αυτός με λόγο Cu/(Cu+Mn)= 0.30. Εξίσου αποδοτικοί για την παραγωγή υδρογόνου μέσω αναμόρφωσης της μεθανόλης, μονολιθικοί καταλύτες Cu-Ce/Al foam και Cu-Mn/Al foam παρασκευάστηκαν με τη μέθοδο της καύσης. Με βάση τα ευρήματα της ισοτοπικής μελέτης, προτείνεται για τον καταλύτη Cu-Mn-O ότι η αναμόρφωση πραγματοποιείται αποκλειστικά μέσω μηχανισμού που περιλαμβάνει τον ενδιάμεσο σχηματισμό μυρμηκικού μεθυλεστέρα. Για τους καταλύτες Cu-Ce-O και Cu-Zn-Al πραγματοποιείται ταυτόχρονα και μηχανισμός που περιλαμβάνει ως ενδιάμεσο είδος το διοξομεθυλένιο. / The scope of the present thesis was the development of an effective catalytic copper-based system for methanol reforming. The catalytic properties of three different copper-based systems prepared via the non conventional combustion method, were investigated for the aforementioned process: CuO-CeO2, modified CuO-CeO2 and Cu-Mn-O, as well as the optimal CuO-CeO2 and Cu-Mn-O oxide cata¬lysts supported on Al metal foam. The physicochemical characteristics of CuO-CeO2 catalysts were found to be influenced by the parameters of the synthesis. The optimal catalyst was prepared with Cu/(Cu+Ce) ratio equal to 0.15. In the case of modified CuO-CeO2 catalysts, at least part of dopant cations gets incorporated into the CeO2 lattice leading to solid solution formation. As a result, the physicochemical characteris¬tics of the samples were influenced, as well as their catalytic performance. Cu-Mn spinel oxide catalysts were found to be highly active despite their low surface area. Their activity is comparable to that of commercial Cu-Zn-Al catalysts. The optimal catalyst was prepared with a Cu/(Cu+Mn) ratio equal to 0.30. Structured Cu-Ce/Al foam and Cu-Mn/Al foam catalysts prepared via in situ combustion method were equally effective for hydrogen production via methanol reforming. Based on the findings of an isotopic study, a mechanism has been proposed for the reforming reaction over Cu-Mn-O, where methyl formate is formed as a reaction intermediate. An additional reaction mechanism is taking place over Cu-Ce-O and commercial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts, resulting in the intermediate dioxomethylene.

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von Defekten auf die Eigenschaften von Ferrit-Dünnfilmen untersucht. Die Dünnfilme wurden mit Hilfe von gepulster Laserabscheidung bei verschiedenen Züchtungsparametern hergestellt. Durch Variation der Substrattemperatur und des Sauerstoffpartialdrucks wurden Dünnfilme verschiedener kristalliner Qualität gezüchtet. Diese wurden hinsichtlich ihrer chemischen Komposition mit Hilfe von energie-dispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie und Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie untersucht. Durch Korrelation der Ergebnisse mit Messungen zum zirkularen magnetischen Röntgendichroismus, konnte eine partielle Inversion der Spinellstruktur nachgewiesen werden. Der Grad der Inversion ist höher für geringe Abscheidetemperaturen. Für diese defektreichen Dünnfilme zeigen Röntgenbeugungsuntersuchungen eine geringere kristalline Ordnung der Dünnfilme. Die strukturellen Defekte haben einen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die elektrischen und magnetischen Eigenschaften der Ferrit-Dünnfilme. So zeigen die Ferrit-Dünnfilme für geringe Züchtungstemperaturen eine erhöhte elektrische Leitfähigkeit, während Dünnfilme, die bei hohen Substrattemperaturen gezüchtet wurden, isolierend sind. Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit kann auf thermisch aktivierte Hopping-Leitung oder die Leitung zwischen Clustern, die in einer Matrix eingebettet sind, zurückgeführt werden. Die magnetischen Eigenschaften von Zinkferrit-Dünnfilmen werden maßgeblich durch Defekte in der Spinellstruktur bestimmt, da es nominell in der normalen Spinellstruktur kristallisiert und daher antiferromagnetisch ist. Die partielle Inversion der Eisen- und Zinkionen führt zu Ferrimagnetismus in den Zinkferrit-Dünnfilmen, der mit Hilfe von SQUID-Messungen in dieser Arbeit eingehend untersucht wurde. Durch Korrelation der Ergebnisse der verschiedenen Untersuchungsmethoden konnten Rückschlüsse auf die dominierenden Defekte in den Ferrit-Dünnfilmen geschlossen werden. So sind zum einen Defekte auf atomarer Skala, wie Antisite-Defekte und divalenten Fe-Ionen für die erhöhte elektrische Leitfähigkeit und die größere Magnetisierung der defektreichen Dünnfilme verantwortlich. Zum anderen können ausgedehnte Defekte, im Speziellen Cluster, die in einer amorphen Matrix eingebettet sind, nicht ausgeschlossen werden.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianoLMS.pdf: 2498297 bytes, checksum: 4e0c9395aebdb6d0be7a37737a51ca92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Oxide type spinel AB2O4 presents structure adjusted for application in the automobile industry. The spinel of cobalt has many practical applications had its excellent physical and chemical properties such as catalyst in hydrocarbon oxidation reaction. The CeO2 has been used in many of these processes because it assigns to a material with excellent thermal resistance and mechanics, high capacity of oxygen stockage (OSC) among others properties. This work deals with the synthesis, characterization and catalytic application of spinel of cobalt and CeO2 with fluorita structure, obtained for method of Pechini and method of Gel-Combustion. The process of Pechini, the puff was obtained at 300 ?C for 2 h in air. In the process of Gel-Combustion the approximately at 350 ?C material was prepared and burnt for Pyrolysis, both had been calcined at 500 ?C, 700 ?C, 900 ?C and 1050 ?C for 2 h in air. The materials of the calcinations had been characterized by TG/DTA, electronic microscopy of sweepings (MEV), spectroscopy of absorption in the infra-red ray (FTIR) and diffraction of X-rays (DRX). The obtained material reaches the phase oxide at 450 oC for Pechini method and 500 ?C for combustion method. The samples were submitted catalytic reaction of n-hexane on superficies of materials. The reactor function in molar ration of 0, 85 mol.h-1.g-1 and temperature of system was 450 ?C. The sample obtained for Pechini and support in alumine of superficial area of 178,63 m2.g-1 calcined at 700 ?C, give results of catalytic conversions of 39 % and the sample obtained for method of gel-combustion and support in alumina of 150 mesh calcined at 500 ?C result 13 % of conversion. Both method were selective specie C1 / O espin?lio de cobalto tem muitas aplica??es pr?ticas devido as suas excelentes propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas tal como catalisador nas rea??es de oxida??o de hidrocarboneto. O CeO2 tem sido utilizado em muitos processos porque designa um material com excelente resist?ncia t?rmica e mec?nica, alta capacidade de estocagem de oxig?nio (OSC) entre outras propriedades. Este trabalho trata da s?ntese e caracteriza??o e aplica??o catal?tica dos ?xidos de cobalto com estrutura espin?lio e CeO2 com estrutura fluorita, obtidos pelo m?todo de Pechini e pelo m?todo de gel-combust?o. No processo Pechini o puff foi obtido a 300 ?C por 2 h em atmosfera ambiente. No processo de gel-combust?o o material foi preparado e queimado a aproximadamente 350 ?C por igni??o espont?nea e, posteriormente, ambos os p?s foram calcinados a 500 ?C, 700 ?C, 900 ?C e 1050 ?C por 2 h em atmosfera ambiente. Os p?s-resultantes das calcina??es foram caracterizados por TG/DTA, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de absor??o no infravermelho (FTIR) e difra??o de raios X (DRX). O material obtido deve atingir a fase ?xida a 450 ?C, para Pechini e 500 ?C para gel-combust?o. As amostras foram submetidas a rea??es catal?ticas de n-hexano sobre os catalisadores de Ce/Co. O reator operou a uma raz?o F/W fluxo molar de reagente por grama de catalisador de 0,85 mol.h-1.g-1 e temperatura no leito de 450 ?C. Para amostras obtidas por Pechini calcinadas a 700 ?C e suportada em alumina com ?rea superficial de 178,63 m2.g-1 obteve-se 39 % de convers?o catal?tica. Para as amostras obtidas pelo m?todo de gel-combust?o calcinadas a 500 ?C e suportada em alumina da Porogel com 150 mesh obteve cerca de 13 % de convers?o catal?tica. Ambos os m?todos foram seletivos a esp?cie C1.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-05-12T13:11:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 5933598 bytes, checksum: f90080e0529915a4c5c37308259bee89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-12T13:11:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 5933598 bytes, checksum: f90080e0529915a4c5c37308259bee89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4) and zinc titanate (Zn2TiO4) are inverse spineltype oxides and stand out due to their optical, electrical, magnetic, semiconductor and photocatalytic properties. In this work, the two materials were combined in order to obtain a solid solution, Zn2Sn1-xTixO4 (x= 0; 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.0), using the modified-Pechini method, in order to evaluate the influence of the Sn4+ ions substitution by Ti4+ ones in the spinel lattice for application as catalysts in the photodiscoloration of the golden yellow remazol. Catalysts were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Raman spectroscopy and surface area measurements (BET). XRD results showed that the materials presented a high long range order when heat treated at 700 °C, using zinc acetate and pH = 1. IR and Raman spectra confirmed the presence of the [TiO6] and [SnO6] octahedra and (ZnO4) tetrahedron. The parameters used in the dye discoloration were: catalyst mass and irradiation times. The results showed that a higher irradiation time provided a better efficiency. Zn2SnO4 presented the best result, with 81 % of discoloration after 4 h of irradiation. As tin was replaced by titanium in the spinel structure, the catalyst efficiency decreased, achieving 37 % for the Zn2TiO4. / O estanato (Zn2SnO4) e o titanato de zinco (Zn2TiO4) são óxidos do tipo espinélio inverso, destacam-se devido a suas propriedades óticas, elétricas, magnéticas, semicondutoras e fotocatalíticas. Nesse trabalho, os dois materiais foram combinados com a finalidade de obter uma solução sólida, Zn2Sn1-xTixO4, (x= 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75; 1,0), utilizando o método Pechini modificado, de modo a investigar a influência da substituição dos íons Sn4+ por íons Ti4+ na rede do espinélio para aplicação como catalisadores na fotodescoloração do corante amarelo remazol ouro. Os catalisadores foram caracterizados pelas técnicas de difração de raios-X (DRX), espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (IV), espectroscopia na região do ultravioleta visível (UV-Vis), espectroscopia Raman e medida de área superficial por BET. Os resultados de DRX mostraram que os materiais apresentaram alta organização a longo alcance, quando calcinados a 700 °C, utilizando acetato de zinco e pH 1. Os espectros de IV e Raman confirmaram a presença dos octaedros [ZnO6], [TiO6],[SnO6] e tetraedro (ZnO4). Os parâmetros utilizados na descoloração do corante foram: massa fixa de catalisador e tempos de radiação. Os resultados mostraram que um maior tempo de radiação proporcionou maior eficiência. O Zn2SnO4 apresentou o melhor resultado, com descoloração de 81% após 4 h de radiação. À medida que o estanho foi substituído pelo titânio na estrutura do espinélio, a eficiência do catalisador foi decrescendo, chegando a 37% para o Zn2TiO4.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T15:56:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Resumo Sonia Richartz Prim.pdf: 159893 bytes, checksum: ea0b9f6ba4434f44e947a911ca700ada (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The search for ceramic pigments with good properties are the basis of research conducted in this industry, in view of the importance of color for the final finished product. Aiming at seeking new pigments to replace or optimize existing ones, new synthesis methods and the incorporation of alternative raw materials are under study. In this work, we studied the possibility of using industrial waste from the treatment of effluents from the galvanoplasty process to synthetize pigments with spinel structure. The characterization of this type of waste and analysis of its potential to be used as chromophoric source were assessed in terms of chemical and mineralogical composition, thermal behavior, among others. The proportion of the transition elements, nickel and chromium present in the waste, allowed for the formation of important spinel structures. The synthesis method adopted consisted of the following steps: formulation; homogenization; calcination; and washing, when necessary. Firstly, we studied the addition of chromophoric ions Cr, Ni and Co in the structures MAl2O4, M=Zn, Mg, as well as the adoption of different temperatures (1000 to 1400 ºC/3h). The effect caused by solid dissolution of each ion in the structures and its relationship with the synthesis temperature was evaluated. It was possible to develop pigments with interesting color performance and different hues. Afterwards, the selection of a structure to obtain pigments from this selected chromophoric source was evaluated. We chose to work with structures NiCr2O4 and (Ni,Fe)(FeCr)2O4. The calcination temperature adopted was 1200 ºC/3h. The structures allowed for black pigments, however, with low pigmenting performance. In order to improve the performance of pigments with the addition of residue, we chose to further investigate the pigments formed with the 17 three elements nickel, iron and chromium at an equal molar ratio, resulting in the supposed structure (Ni0,5Fe0,5)(Fe0,5Ni0,5Cr1,0)O4, taking into consideration their degree of inversion. For this new step of the study, the synthetizing temperature adopted was 1000 ºC/3h. The aim was to assess the possibility of recovering the CaSO4 derived from the residue composition. For such, a washing stage was added to the pigment synthesis process. This new formulation favored the formation of the desired spinel phase, reducing the presence and intensity of secondary phases. The absence of the characteristic peaks indicating the presence of CaSO4 no DRX indicates the effectiveness of the washing process, which contributes to a reduction of a liquid phase formation and a better granulometric control. The results obtained after application showed that the synthesized pigments presented some instability during the application process. Therefore, studies were conducted to assess the influence of adding different concentrations of cobalt. The pigments synthetized with the addition of 0.3 mol of cobalt presented better pigmenting properties compared to pigments synthetized with the same structure. Adding waste into this composition led to the formation of pigments with improved performance, especially after application testing. The results allowed to associate this effect with the presence of secondary phases such as pyroxene, derived from the presence of SiO2 and CaO in the waste, resulting from the treatment process. The reproducibility of pigments synthesized with different batches of waste for the best composition studied was also evaluated. It was observed that they presented a good performance in face of the industrial conditions. / A busca por pigmentos cerâmicos com boas propriedades são a base das pesquisas realizadas neste setor, tendo em vista, a importância da cor para o produto final acabado. Com o intuito de buscar novos pigmentos que substituam ou otimizem os já conhecidos, novos métodos de síntese estão sendo pesquisados, bem como, a incorporação de matérias primas alternativas. No presente trabalho, estudou-se a possibilidade de aproveitamento de um resíduo industrial, proveniente do tratamento de efluentes do processo de galvanoplastia, na síntese de pigmentos com estrutura espinélio. A caracterização do resíduo e análise de suas potencialidades para uso como fonte cromófora, foram avaliadas em termos de composição química e mineralógica, comportamento térmico, entre outros. Os percentuais dos elementos de transição Níquel e Cromo presentes no resíduo possibilitaram a formação de estruturas de espinélios importantes. O método de síntese adotado englobou as seguintes etapas: formulação; homogeneização; calcinação e lavagem quando necessário. Primeiramente, foi estudada a adição dos íons cromóforos Cr, Ni e Co nas estruturas, MAl2O4, M=Zn, Mg, bem como, de diferentes temperaturas (1000 a 1400 ºC/3h). Avaliou-se o efeito causado pela dissolução sólida de cada íon nas estruturas, e sua relação com a temperatura de síntese. Foi possível desenvolver pigmentos com desempenho cromático interessante e tonalidades distintas. Posteriormente, foi avaliada a seleção de uma estrutura para a obtenção de pigmentos a partir desta fonte cromófora selecionada. Optou-se por trabalhar com as estruturas NiCr2O4 e (Ni,Fe)(FeCr)2O4. A temperatura de calcinação adotada foi de 1200 ºC/3h. As estruturas permitiram obter pigmentos negros, entretanto, com baixo desempenho pigmentante. A fim de aprimorar o desempenho dos pigmentos com adição de resíduo, 15 optou-se por investigar melhor os pigmentos formados com os três elementos Níquel, Ferro e Cromo, em uma igual proporção molar, resultando na suposta estrutura (Ni0,5 Fe0,5)(Fe0,5Ni0,5Cr1,0)O4, tendo em consideração o seu grau de inversão. Para esta nova etapa do trabalho a temperatura de sinterização adotada foi de 1000 ºC/3h. O objetivo foi avaliar a possibilidade de recuperação do CaSO4 proveniente da composição do resíduo. Para tanto, uma etapa de lavagem foi inserida no processo de síntese dos pigmentos. Esta nova formulação favoreceu a formação da fase espinélio desejada, diminuindo a presença e intensidade das fases secundárias. A não observância dos picos característicos da presença de CaSO4 no DRX, indica a eficácia do processo de lavagem, contribuindo para redução da formação de fase líquida e melhor controle granulométrico. Os resultados obtidos após aplicação permitiram concluir que os pigmentos sintetizados apresentaram certa instabilidade durante o processo de aplicação. Portanto, foram realizados estudos para avaliar a influência da adição de diferentes concentrações de Cobalto. Os pigmentos sintetizados com adição de 0,3 mol de Cobalto apresentaram melhores propriedades pigmentante ao serem comparados aos pigmentos sintetizados com a mesma estrutura. A incorporação de resíduo nesta composição propiciou a formação de pigmentos com melhor desempenho, principalmente após os testes de aplicação. A análise dos resultados permitiu associar este efeito a presença de fases secundárias, como o piroxênio, provenientes da presença de SiO2 e CaO no resíduo, resultante do processo de tratamento. A reprodutibilidade dos pigmentos, sintetizados com distintos lotes de resíduo para a melhor composição estudada, também foi avaliada. Pode-se observar que os mesmos apresentaram bom desempenho frente às condições industriais.