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This diploma thesis is focused on stressors influencing patients in hospital care. The theoretical part describes stress and stressors, the influence of stress on the state of health, and I further deal with health and illness and the importance of the support provided by the patient?s family in the course of treatment. In the practical part I compare results that I obtained from three medical facilities. The first objective of my thesis was to find out what kind of stressors hospitalised patients meet with most frequently. To achieve this objective, I set a hypothesis. H1 ? The extent of stress load in patients depends on the extent of information on their illness, course of treatment and nursing care. Another objective of mine was to compare whether the extent of stress is different in various departments. This is dealt with in the second hypothesis. H2 - The extent of stress is influenced by the type of department in which the patient is hospitalised. My last objective was to find out what helps patients to deal with stressful situations. To achieve this objective, I set the third hypothesis. H3 ? Dealing with stress when staying in hospital depends on the functionality of the patient?s family and the attitude of the nursing staff. To conduct the research I employed the method of quantitative survey in the form of questionnaires. The questionnaire contained altogether 21 questions. I chose three facilities of medical care to obtain the required data. The target group were clients hospitalised in the hospital in České Budějovice, further in the hospital in Český Krumlov and in the hospital in Prachatice. The total number of correctly completed questionnaires is 228, which means that 57% of correctly completed ones out of 400 returned. The results have proved that hypothesis No. 1 has a considerable influence on patients? stress because patients with a high rate of information experience high stress only in 6.9 per cent, while patients with an insufficient rate of information experience high stress up to 58.6 per cent. In hypothesis No. 2, I also succeeded in proving a considerable influence, because up to 20.2 per cent of patients in surgical departments experience high stress, while it is only 5.3 per cent of respondents in internal departments. In hypothesis No. 3, a considerable influence has also been proved, because patients with functioning families experience low stress to a much larger extent, while low stress in patients with non-functioning families was experienced by only a small number of respondents. Similarly, the attitude of medical staffs influences the extent of stress. The results of my research can be offered to various kinds of facilities of medical and social care, to improve the quality of nursing care and eliminate some stressors. Further, these results can be offered to students of various branches of medicine studies. However, this research is of noticeable importance for the comfort of patients in various facilities mentioned above.

Text in Afrikaans / Die studie fokus op die effek van krisiswerk op die helper in terme van stres, die uitbrandingsindroom en posttraumatiese stresversteuring (PTSV). Salutogeniese konstrukte as moderatorveranderlikes in die stres-siekte-verhouding word ook ondersoek. 'n Beskikbaarheidsteekproef van 52 ambulansmanne en 52 kontrolegroepwerkers is verkry. Biografiese, koherensie-, uitbrandings-, PTSV- en stresvraelyste is ingevul en statisties verwerk. Resultate dui daarop dat ambulansmanne hul werk as buitengewoon stresvol beleef en dat meer ambulansmanne diagnoseerbare PTSV vertoon. Daar blyk geen verskil tussen die twee groepe te wees nie met betrekking tot die voorkoms van uitbranding en streservaring. 'n Negatiewe verband tussen koherensiebelewing en die voorkoms van stressimptome en uitbranding is verkry. Ambulansmanne het 'n buitengewoon stresvolle werk en vertoon meer simptome van stresversteurings as mense in ander beroepe. Aanbevelings word gedoen oor hoe om die negatiewe konsekwensies van stres te verminder. / The study focuses on the effect of crisis work on the assistant in terms of stress, the burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Salutogenic constructs as moderator variables in the stress-illness relationship are also investigated. An availability sample of 52 ambulancemen and 52 control group workers was obtained. Biographic, coherence, burnout, PTSD and stress questionnaires were completed and statistically processed. Results indicate that ambulancemen experience their work as exceptionally stressful and that more Ambulancemen display diagnosable PTSD. There appears to be no difference between the two groups in respect of the incidence of burnout and experience of stress. A negative connection between the experience of coherence and the incidence of stress symptoms and burnout was obtained. Ambulancemen have an exceptionally stressful job and display more symptoms of stress disorders. Recommendations are made on how to reduce the negative consequences of stress. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Bedryfsielkunde)

Text in Afrikaans / Die studie fokus op die effek van krisiswerk op die helper in terme van stres, die uitbrandingsindroom en posttraumatiese stresversteuring (PTSV). Salutogeniese konstrukte as moderatorveranderlikes in die stres-siekte-verhouding word ook ondersoek. 'n Beskikbaarheidsteekproef van 52 ambulansmanne en 52 kontrolegroepwerkers is verkry. Biografiese, koherensie-, uitbrandings-, PTSV- en stresvraelyste is ingevul en statisties verwerk. Resultate dui daarop dat ambulansmanne hul werk as buitengewoon stresvol beleef en dat meer ambulansmanne diagnoseerbare PTSV vertoon. Daar blyk geen verskil tussen die twee groepe te wees nie met betrekking tot die voorkoms van uitbranding en streservaring. 'n Negatiewe verband tussen koherensiebelewing en die voorkoms van stressimptome en uitbranding is verkry. Ambulansmanne het 'n buitengewoon stresvolle werk en vertoon meer simptome van stresversteurings as mense in ander beroepe. Aanbevelings word gedoen oor hoe om die negatiewe konsekwensies van stres te verminder. / The study focuses on the effect of crisis work on the assistant in terms of stress, the burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Salutogenic constructs as moderator variables in the stress-illness relationship are also investigated. An availability sample of 52 ambulancemen and 52 control group workers was obtained. Biographic, coherence, burnout, PTSD and stress questionnaires were completed and statistically processed. Results indicate that ambulancemen experience their work as exceptionally stressful and that more Ambulancemen display diagnosable PTSD. There appears to be no difference between the two groups in respect of the incidence of burnout and experience of stress. A negative connection between the experience of coherence and the incidence of stress symptoms and burnout was obtained. Ambulancemen have an exceptionally stressful job and display more symptoms of stress disorders. Recommendations are made on how to reduce the negative consequences of stress. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Bedryfsielkunde)