The significant problem addressed in this research was the increasing default rate among federal student loan borrowers who attended non-degree-granting proprietary colleges in Florida (i.e., career and technical colleges). The purpose of this study was to identify, better understand, and predict which borrower characteristics increased the likelihood of student loan default at proprietary non-degree-granting colleges. The research was based on the structural-functional and planned behavior theories and utilized a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design to explore the relationship between academic success, age, college graduation status, ethnicity, gender, high school class ranking, and federal student loan default. Self-reported data were obtained from students who attended private, for-profit, less than 2-year colleges in Florida. To determine which student borrower characteristics predicted an increase in the likelihood that borrowers would default on their student loan payments, one hypothesis was proposed to evaluate six borrower characteristics. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the statistical relationships and found that academic success, age, and gender were statistically significant in predicting student loan default among students who attended private, for-profit, less than 2-year colleges in Florida. This study may facilitate positive social change by aiding educational institutions in identifying at-risk borrower characteristics and by providing various default prevention strategies that could be incorporated into specific counseling messages to reduce future student loan defaults and lower institutional cohort default ratings.

Bibliography: leaves 76-77. / Given the striking inequality of access to tertiary education in South Africa, a National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) is of great importance. Since the present NSFAS has insufficient funds and lacks a long-term plan, the objective of this study is to contribute to the development of proposals for a comprehensive, sustainable NSFAS. More specifically, the aims are to: ( 1) throw light on the current status of student financial aid at universities and technikons; (2) highlight implications for the NSFAS; and (3) consider the future role of institution-based schemes. The paper begins by drawing lessons from a selection of international literature. The main body of the text is based on responses to a survey questionnaire which included both multiple-choice and open-ended questions. All twenty-one universities and twelve out of fifteen technikons submitted written replies. The paper presents and analyses quantitative and qualitative data describing financial and administrative aspects of institutions' schemes for assisting undergraduate/pre-diplomate, full-time students. The survey revealed that half of the total resources available for financial aid came from the Tertiary Education Fund of South Africa and a quarter from institutions' general operating budgets. The remaining contributions came from various donors including Provincial Governments, non-governmental organisations, international agencies and South African private sector firms. Bursaries, and to a lessor extent loans, are the main types of financial aid received by needy students. Scholarships and sports awards are allocated according to merit rather than financial need. Differences (such as sources and types of aid) are identified between the financial aid schemes of universities and technikons, and of historically black and historically white institutions. Comparisons of aggregate data with figures presented by the National Commission on Higher Education (NCHE) showed similarities in some instances, but the NCHE's projection of gross student needs in 1996 was far greater than the resources reportedly available to institutions from all sources. Institution-based schemes do not always comply with the lessons from international experience: the aggregate bursary/loan mix is favourable; the degree of cost recovery is inconclusive; targeting of needy students is sound in theory but difficult in practice; and mortgage-type loans, rather than internationally recommended income-contingent loans, are the norm, and they have substantial hidden subsidies. Implications for the NSFAS include the following: standardisation of the means test and the definition of "legitimate" study costs is desirable on equity grounds; administrative difficulties experienced by financial aid bureaux impact on the NSF AS and therefore more resources are required in this area. With regard to the future role of institution-based schemes: a levelling of the playing fields with respect to the contributions by institutions themselves to financial aid is suggested; institution-based loan schemes may be viewed as complementary to the NSFAS (in that they target students with different characteristics), which provides a theoretical reason for the creation of a centralised mortgage-type loan scheme to harness private sector capital. Such decisions need to be based on detailed assessments of efficiency which are beyond the scope of this paper.

Since the introduction of CSN (Centrala studiestödsnämnden/Swedish Board of StudentFinance), the amount of students entering higher education has drastically increased. Along-term investigation has been conducted by the Swedish Financial Department(Finansdepartementet) in order to identify potential ways of improvement of the Swedishstudy aid system. A financial incentive proposition was made to decrease the graduationage, which CSN has rejected on the basis of limited effect, additionally, CSN stated thatreasons for late graduation are unknown.To investigate potential reasons for late graduation a “Potential system misuse”hypothesis was developed which intended to explain the trade-off students have to facewhen starting university studies - early graduation and no savings or late graduation, butsignificant savings for the future life. Further advantages or disadvantages of early or latestart of university studies have been analysed.This research was aimed to provide objective and empirical support on the claims madeby the CSN in their response to the government’s investigation into the Swedish studyaid system. The purpose of this research was to examine if a financial incentive wouldprovide significant effect on possible earlier average graduation age and to identify towhat extent are economic reasons for late graduation age unknown. Furthermore, twohypotheses concerning CSN loan taking not as intended (potential system misuse) andamount of savings having an impact on such a misuse have been analysed.The research has considered examples from neighbouring Nordic countries as well as theUnited States in order to consider strengths and weaknesses of each system. Suchcomparison has helped to identify what seems to be working in order countries and whatcould perhaps be adapted in the Swedish system too.A quantitative method of research has been adapted since it seemed the most appropriateand effective in order to gather a significant amount of data from a sample (UmeåUniversity students) to draw conclusions about the general population (students takingCSN study aid in Sweden). A non-probability, convenience sampling procedure has beenadapted, with clear arguments presented why it was deemed to be the most appropriatefor the purpose of this research. A sample of 301 responses allowed significant analysisto be conducted.With this research and a hypothetical scenario created the authors were able to concludethat writing off student loans could have a significant effect on the graduation age,especially since it was favourably seen by older students in the research. The reasons forlate start of university studies have been identified, but not limited to, having strongpositive correlation with taking CSN loan not as intended and value of one’s combinedsavings. Empirical support has indicated that while the majority (53.1%) of students wereusing CSN loan as intended, according to our data approximately half of all studentsmisuse the CSN loan. Furthermore, a significant correlation between high value ofsavings and using CSN not as intended has been found.

The need for financial literacy among Americans has become a national topic of interest. Economists, financial professionals, educators, and government officials recognize there is an overall deficit of financial knowledge. More specifically, higher education administrators have become increasingly concerned with ensuring that financial literacy tools are available to college students. Students of today face higher tuition and education-related costs, are less likely to receive grant funding to assist with their educational expenses, and are more likely to be in debt, carrying higher student debt loads than previous generations. Further, students lack the financial knowledge needed to make sound financial decisions. Hence, there is a need for effective financial literacy programs at post-secondary institutions. The purpose of this dissertation in practice (DIP) is to design a comprehensive financial literacy program model for students attending large diverse higher education institutions similar to the University of Central Florida.

Yes / Modern theories of economic growth emphasize the role of research and development (R&D) activities in determining a society's standard of living. In some advanced economies, however, higher education costs and the level of indebtedness among graduates have increased dramatically during recent years. Student loans are evident throughout the Western world, particularly in the United States, and within the bio-medical sciences. In this paper the authors develop a basic model of economic growth in order to investi-gate the effects of biomedical graduates indebtedness on the allocation of human re-source in the R&D activities, and thus on the process of economic growth. Using this modified model to understand the consequences of the rising cost in biomedical educa-tion, we derive a 'science-growth curve' (a relation between the share of pure researcher and the economy rate of growth), and we find two possible effects of biomedical stu-dent indebtedness on economic growth: specifically, a composition effect and a productivity effect. First, we outline the Romer's classical growth model, and we apply it to a 'biomedical' knowledge-based economy, and second, the model is developed by factoring the difference between pure and applied biomedical research. The 'biomedical science sector' is one of the key pillars of modern knowledge-based economy. The costs of higher education in biomedical sciences and the graduates level of indebtedness represent, not only a great problem of equality of opportunity, but also a serious threat to future prosperity of the advanced economies.

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本研究之目的主要是為探討國立政治大學大學部學生家庭社經背景對其工讀行為之影響。對於本研究的進行，研究者將探討「家庭社經地位」、「其他背景變項」、「助學貸款」與「工讀行為」等變項間的關係。 本研究以九十七學年度第二學期社會科學學院二至四年級大學部學生為調查對象，以問卷調查法蒐集資料，有效問卷434份。研究工具為自訂「政治大學社會科學學院大學部學生家庭社經背景調查問卷」，所取得之資料以Probit模型檢定，使用Limdep 7.0套裝軟體進行資料分析。 在敘述統計部分，樣本資料中，以社會系學生有工讀行為之比例最高，而財政系學生工讀之比例則相對最低；若以年級區分，三年級學生有工讀行為之比例遠高於二年級與四年級學生；在性別上，女生工讀之比例高於男性。經進一步分析，父親教育程度為專科或高中職者，該大學生打工比例占樣本數八成，母親教育程度在國中小以下者，該大學生打工比率最高，占86.89％；父親目前失業或退休者，其子女打工比率最高，為81.54％，而母親則不論是家管、工作中、失業或退休，大學生工讀行為占樣本比例，均高達7成。家庭月收入在3萬以下者，大學生工讀比例為90.20％，在家庭結構上，單親家庭之大學生工讀比例略高於雙親家庭，而手足總數超過4人者，工讀比例均為100％。申請助學貸款者，工讀比例為93.62％，調查並發現，有75.12％的樣本曾有工讀情形；依據曾打工之樣本進一步分析，在打工地點上，校內與校外所占比例相當，在對學業成績之影響上，60.74％認為無影響，持正面影響與負面影響之樣本，均近2成。 經由Probit模型估計後發現：在家庭社經地位中，父親教育程度為專科或高中職者，對大學生工讀行為有顯著的正向影響；母親教育程度則除了大學之外，博碩士、專科與國中小者均對大學生工讀行為有顯著的正向影響；父母親就業現況對大學生工讀行為無顯著影響；而家庭月收入在3萬元以下者，對大學生工讀行為則有顯著正向影響。 其他背景變項中，社會科學學院大學部各系所中，僅民族系對學生工讀行為有顯著的正向影響；而二年級對工讀行為有顯著的負向影響；性別對於工讀行為，在統計上並無顯著影響，手足總數在對大學生工讀行為上也呈現顯著的正向影響。 而在助學貸款方面，經過分析亦發現，對大學生的工讀行為有顯著的正向影響。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of family social and economic background of undergraduate students from National Taiwan Chengchi on their working decisions. For the proceed of this study, the researcher will probe about the relationship among the variables of “family social and economic background, “other background variables,” “student loan,” and “working decisions.” This study has based on the undergraduate students from sophomore to senior year with the College of Social Science at the second semester of 2008 academic year as its target, and questionnaire method is used to collection information, with 434 valid questionnaires retrieved. The research tool is of the self-produced “Family Social and Economic Background Questionnaire of Undergraduate Students from College of Social Science of National Chengchi University,” and the information obtained will be verified with Probit model, using Limped 7.0, software to conduct information analysis. In terms of descriptive statistics, it is found, from samples information, that students from department of sociology are given the highest ratio of working decisions, while those from department of finance are found with the lowest ratio. If it is classified in terms of year, the ratio of junior students with part-timing behavior is found far higher than those of sophomore and senior year; in terms of gender, the ratio of female students with part-timing behavior is relatively higher than those of male students. With further analysis, it is found that if the students whose fathers are found with educational background of junior college or high school the ratio of those students with part-timing behavior would have amounted to 80% of the samples, and if those students whose mother are found with educational background below junior high and elementary school the ratio of those students with part-timing behavior accounts the highest, amounting to 86.89%. As for father who are currently retired or unemployed, the ratio of their children is found with the highest part-timing behavior, amounting to 81. 54%; as for those students whose mother works as housewife, or who are with employment, unemployed, or retired, the ratio of university students who are part-timing among the samples has average reached 70%. For family with income less than NT$30,000, the ratio of student with part-timing behavior reaches 90.02%; in terms of family structure, the ratio of university student from single-parent family who part-times is slightly higher than those from dual-parent family; as for family with siblings over 4 people, the ratio of part-timing behavior is entirely 100%. For those students who apply for student loan, their ratio of part-timing behavior is 93.62%, and it is fond from the investigation that 75.12% of the samples are given with part-timing behavior; based on the samples with part-timing behavior for further analysis, it is found that the ratio of part-timing location within and outside the school is relatively the same; as for effect on their academic performance, 60.74% of the students believe that it does not effect at all, with about 20% of the samples that hold either positive and negative effect. It is found from the estimation of Probit model that if the educational background of the student’s father is found either with junior college or high school it would, in terms of family social economic status, render positive impact on the part-timing behavior of the student. Aside from educational background of the student’s mother who is found with college education, their educational background with either Ph.D, master, junior college, junior high, or elementary school, it would render with prominent positive impact on the part-timing behavior of students. As for current employment of the parents, it would hardly render any significant on the part-timing behavior of the student; for family whose monthly income that is less than NT$30,000, it would render with positive impact on the part-timing behavior of the student. Among other family variables, it is found that only the Department of Ethnology renders with positive impact on the part-timing behavior of students among each of the undergraduate students from the College of Social Science; sophomore year renders with significant negative impact on the part-timing behavior of the students. As for gender on part-timing behavior, it does not provide any significant impact statistically, while the number of total siblings has exerted prominent positive impact on the part-timing behavior of the students. In terms of student loan, it is found, after analysis, that it would exert rather significant and positive impact on part-timing behavior.

There is a student loan debt problem in the United States. Seven million student borrowers are in default and another 14 million are delinquent on their loans. A high level of college loan debt leaves students with insurmountable payments and holds them back from starting a family, buying a home, or saving for retirement. The problem is that financial managers may not understand the student loan decision process well enough to help students make a loan decision that prevents an unmanageable level of debt. The purpose of this study was to explore and understand the student's loan decision process using a conceptual framework that contrasts rational choice theory and behavioral economics within the Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel's consumer decision model. This exploratory study was designed to answer research questions about how students perceived the forces that might influence the decision. A qualitative case study was conducted and purposeful sampling was used to identify 28 undergraduate students who had a student loan at a university in the Rocky Mountain region. The students were interviewed, the data coded, and the coded data were analyzed to identify themes. The data were used to diagram the decision process and identify decision variables. The findings indicated that students were pragmatic in their loan decisions, but they were not rational actors. The research highlighted 3 behavioral economic themes: the power of intention, herding, and complexity resulting in the use of the satisficing and default heuristics. The contributions of this study could be of interest to financial managers, parents of students, and students planning to enter college. Preventing unmanageable student debt could bring positive social change to the students and their families.

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