The problem with which this investigation was concerned was that of determining the effect of teaching freshman mathematics with the Spitz Student Response System upon a student's anxiety level, attitude and achievement.

The ability to think critically is considered an essential skill of nursing graduates and competent nursing practice. Yet, the literature reports that teachers are having difficulty teaching for critical thinking and that critical thinking is lacking in new nursing graduates. This research study sought to identify barriers to the implementation of critical thinking teaching strategies by nursing faculty currently teaching in generic baccalaureate programs in Tennessee. Surveys were mailed to 262 nursing faculty; 194 were returned, and 175 were usable. Students' attitudes and expectations represented the single greatest barrier to the implementation of critical thinking teaching strategies, followed by time constraints and the perceived need to teach for content coverage. Recommendations to support and encourage faculty to teach for critical thinking are outlined.

Learning Analytics (LA) tools analyse data from Learning Management Systems (LMS) and are being increasingly adopted by Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Analysed LMS data can offer helpful insights into student academic performance and allow predictions based on various metrics to be made, it can also help provide personalised feedback and learning experiences/trajectories for students. Adoption of these systems, however, may be potentially hampered by factors such as lack of user trust, ethical issues regarding data collection, unintended negative consequences of its use and a lack of insight into data accuracy and statistical methods applied by the LA systems. To facilitate the adoption and implementation of LA and also to inform data collection policymaking at HEI it is important that values such as trust between the entity collecting data and the student whose data is being collected be maintained. Stakeholders’ views and values are important factors to be taken into consideration when developing these systems. The study was performed at two Swedish HEI, Stockholm University (SU) and Linnaeus University (Kalmar), and although both institutions utilise LMS and collect student data, at the time of writing, neither have defined strategies for using LA. The study consisted of an initial questionnaire to explore student awareness of data collection and usage and how comfortable students are with data collection and what values they consider important. This questionnaire was distributed to students attending courses at the aforementioned universities. A plugin developed for Moodle was then published to several summer courses at Linnaeus University (LNU) and subsequently followed up by a second questionnaire. The plugin presented students with an analytics dashboard where they could explore graphical representations of data being collected about them by the Moodle LMS. The second questionnaire attempted to gauge student perceptions after they reflected on the data collected by the HEI. This gives a more detailed understanding of the contexts in which data collection and usage are considered acceptable by students. It also offers insight into how students expect to be informed about data collection at their HEI. Further, it reveals how awareness seems to influence acceptance, values and identification of possible uses of LA together with associated ethical concerns. The results from the surveys indicate that awareness significantly impacts the value of privacy, in terms of who has access to and control of the data. Awareness also impacts how worried students are about data collection, an increased awareness of how the data can be used increases how worried students are concerning data collection and the use of this data. Furthermore, this awareness impacts students’ levels of engagement with institutions’ privacy policy documents. The results also reveal that acceptance of data collection and use is highly contextual and depends greatly on who the data is shared with and in what context.

Bakgrund Psykisk ohälsa är vanligt förekommande och kan uppvisas genom symtom som exempelvis ångest, oro, sömnproblem, stress och självmordstankar. Psykisk ohälsa kan tillsammans med ärftliga faktorer och livshändelser leda till att psykisk sjukdom utvecklas. Det finns fortfarande mycket fördomar och negativa attityder gentemot personer med psykisk sjukdom i samhället vilket bidrar till att många inte vågar tala om sin sjukdom. En förklaring till varför det finns negativa attityder gentemot personer med psykisk sjukdom är att människor ofta har en dålig kunskap om fenomenet och därför blir rädda för det som är främmande. Sjuksköterskestudenter delar ofta denna allmänna uppfattning gentemot personer med psykisk sjukdom. Syfte Syftet var att beskriva attityder till psykisk sjukdom samt psykiatrisk vård före, under och efter den kliniska utbildningen inom psykiatrin hos sjuksköterskestudenter i Sverige. Metod För att kunna besvara syftet valdes metoden kvalitativ forskningsintervju med deskriptiv design. Sex intervjuer genomfördes med sjuksköterskestudenter som studerade på ett sjuksköterskeprogram vid en högskola i Stockholm. Resultat Flertalet av de intervjuade sjuksköterskestudenterna beskrev att de upplevde att det fanns fördomar mot de psykiskt sjuka både i samhället i stort och inom vården. Studenterna beskrev att de fått erfarenheter av att det var viktigt i samvaron med patienten att fokusera på det friska, inte enbart det sjuka. Alla de intervjuade sjuksköterskestudenterna beskrev att de efter kursen i klinisk psykiatri har fått en ökad kunskap om psykisk sjukdom vilket lett till en positivare attityd, bättre förståelse samt bättre bemötande. Det framkom även att sjuksköterskestudenterna kunde tänka sig att arbeta inom psykiatrisk vård i framtiden, vilket inte fanns några planer kring innan kursen. Slutsats Klinisk utbildning inom psykiatri har en betydande roll vad det gäller förändringen av sjuksköterskestudenters uppfattning och attityd till personer med psykisk sjukdom samt psykiatrisk vård.

The purpose of this study is to analyze student attitudes toward various law enforcement figures and to obtain a better understanding of public relations, police effectiveness, and media influences in Northeastern Tennessee. This literature review provided a preliminary analysis of related works to advance the accuracy in conducting and examining future studies. The fields that deserve the most analysis are the underlying dimensions associated with public attitudes about police effectiveness, the media’s impact on public attitudes toward police, and the individual, external, and contextual variables that influence public attitudes toward police.

Swedish school children's results have deteriorated in recent years and formative assessment is, in accordance with previous research, a way to develop students' learning and performance. A part of formative assessment is based on feedback that students should receive before, during and after a new assignment. In this study, we want to find out how students and teachers apprehend students' development in relation to feedback and what general attitudes towards feedback can be seen in both parties. The literature and theory discussed is linked to formative assessment, both at international and national level where many important aspects of formative assessment are essential in relation to pupils' further development. The theories are based heavily on human interaction and socio-cultural perspective as a concept. The empirical data process qualitative interviews held with 3 teachers and 26 students in fourth and sixth grade. Based on these results it was possible to see that the teachers were aware of the good effects of formative assessment but they had difficulties using this in practice. Many students did not feel that they received enough feedback to understand the meaning of the teaching, nor the specific tasks that they were meant to carry out. Verbal feedback was preferable from both teachers and students where the lack of time and tools was the reason for teachers not to use written feedback. The students wanted more of a dialogue with the teacher where they felt it was easier to understand the information when one could ask follow-up questions directly.

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State systems have begun to implement performance-based policies in higher education that obligate state institutions to demonstrate they are providing quality educational experiences for students in an effective and efficient manner (Hatcher, Kryter, Prus, & Fitzgerald, 1992; Redd, 1998). Quality and overall effectiveness are measured by student outcomes, such as student retention, attrition, and graduation rates (Hatcher, et al., 1992; Redd, 1998). College student satisfaction has emerged as a factor that affects student retention, attrition and graduation rates (Aitken, 1982; Allen, 1987; Hatcher, et al., 1992; Love, 1993). The greater the level of satisfaction with the college environment, the greater the likelihood that the student will remain affiliated with the institution. This is seen at predominately White institutions (PWIs). Many have found that African American students are less satisfied than their White counterparts with the college environment, and have attrition rates five to eight times higher than their White counterparts at the same institution (Allen, 1987; Fisher & Hartmann, 1991; Love, 1993; Suen, 198). Approximately 80 percent of all African American undergraduates are enrolled in PWIs (Arenson, 1997). Research also indicates that African American students attending historically Black institutions (HBIs) seem to be more satisfied with the college environment than their African American counterparts at PWIs, and graduate at rates equal to White students at PWIs (Allen, 1987; Bohr, Pascarella, Nora, & Terenzini, 1995; Love, 1993; Nettles, et al., 1986; Suen, 1983). Despite these satisfaction and success rates, by 1994, total African American student enrollments at HBIs decreased to an all-time low: 16 percent (Redd, 1998; Schexnider, 1998). Contrary to African American student enrollments, White student enrollments at HBIs have increased 71 percent from 1976 to 1994 (Redd, 1998; Wenglinsky, 1996). Because these students represent non-majorities on HBI campuses, it would be interesting to see if the pattern of satisfaction for African American students attending PWIs hold true for White students at HBIs. The present study, by examining the satisfaction levels of both groups of students with the college environment, is designed to address this gap in the existing body of literature on African Americans and Whites at PWIs and HBIs. Data related to levels of student satisfaction with the college environment were obtained from the College Environment scale of the Student Opinion Survey (SOS). Chi-squares were calculated on each item of the College Environment scale to determine significance. The study made within group comparisons (AA-HBI v. AA-PWI; W-PWI v. W-HBI) and between group comparisons (AA-PWI v. W-PWI; AA-HBI v. W-HBI) based on majority and non-majority statuses on respective campuses. Results of the study revealed that, when respecting the non-majority on campus, African American and White students are seemingly more satisfied (or equally satisfied) with aspects of the college environment than their majority students counterparts on campus. Additionally, these non-majority groups were more satisfied (or equally satisfied) with dimensions of the college environment than their ethnic counterparts on PWI and HBI campuses (AA-HBI and W-PWI students). W-HBI students demonstrated greater levels of satisfaction than all other groups included in the study. / Master of Arts