Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-06-17T13:21:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Jeanne de Castro Trovão.pdf: 2079561 bytes, checksum: c951810ee47ee9da038b5fbcc6171763 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-17T20:22:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Jeanne de Castro Trovão.pdf: 2079561 bytes, checksum: c951810ee47ee9da038b5fbcc6171763 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-17T20:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Jeanne de Castro Trovão.pdf: 2079561 bytes, checksum: c951810ee47ee9da038b5fbcc6171763 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-30 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Software companies are always concerned about improving the quality of their products and processes. By improving the quality of process, it also contributes to the quality of the product resulting from this process. Several strategies can applied to reach processes quality. One of them consists in the integration of support processes that assist the management of the main process and may be applied when required, contributing to the success and the quality of the main process and its products. When talking about software product quality, we can cite software testing activities, which are planned and executed in order to increase product quality through a process that also needs to be managed. Therefore, approaches that aim to contribute to the quality of the software testing process indirectly contribute to the quality of the software product. Thus, the strategy of integration of support processes that help to manage the testing process also contributes to this quality. However, this kind of approach is poorly developed in the technical literature, especially in the context of testing. Considering this necessity, this thesis presents the definition of two Support Processes instantiated to Software Testing Process, Testing Risk Management Process and Testing Human Resource Management Process, specified in order to contribute to the quality of management aspect of the testing process. These processes were defined based on several maturity models and norms/standards. In order to evaluate the proposed processes, a peer review was conducted with experts in the fields related to the specified processes and the results of this evaluation suggest that the proposed processes are appropriate and can be integrated into the testing process. / Empresas de software estão sempre preocupadas em melhorar a qualidade de seus produtos e processos. Ao melhorar a qualidade do processo, também se contribui para a melhoria do produto resultante desse processo. Diversas estratégias podem ser aplicadas visando à obtenção de qualidade de processos. Uma delas consiste na integração de processos de apoio, que são aqueles que auxiliam um processo principal como parte integrante, podendo ser empregado por ele quando necessário, contribuindo para o sucesso e a qualidade do processo principal e de seus produtos. Quando se fala em qualidade de produto de software, se remete às atividades de teste de software, que são planejadas e executadas a fim de aumentar a qualidade do produto através de um processo que também precisa ser gerenciado. Portanto, abordagens que visam contribuir para a qualidade do processo de testes de software contribuem indiretamente com a qualidade do produto de software. Assim, a estratégia de integração de processos de apoio que ajudam a gerenciar o processo de testes também contribui com essa qualidade. No entanto, esse tipo de abordagem é pouco desenvolvido na literatura técnica, principalmente no contexto de teste. Considerando essa necessidade, esta dissertação apresenta a definição de dois Processos de Apoio ao Processo de Testes, Processo de Gerência de Riscos de Teste e Processo de Gerência de Recursos Humanos de Teste, especificados e adequados com o objetivo de contribuir com a qualidade no aspecto gerencial do processo de testes de software. Esses processos foram definidos tendo-se como base diversos modelos de maturidade e normas técnicas. Para avaliar os processos propostos, uma revisão por pares foi conduzida com especialistas das áreas referentes aos processos especificados e os resultados dessa avaliação sugerem que os processos aqui definidos estão adequados e possibilitam a aplicação deles de forma integrada ao processo de testes.

Världen står inför stora utmaningar berörande klimat och miljö vilket är direkt kopplat till energianvändning. Globalt sett ökar energibehovet hela tiden samtidigt som en stor del av energimixen fortfarande utgörs av fossila bränslen. Industrier är den sektor som står för den största energianvändningen, hela 38 % både globalt och lokalt i Sverige. För att kunna uppnå de mål som satts, bland annat FN:s globala mål och målen som ingår i Parisavtalet, så måste energianvändningen i bland annat industrier minska. I denna rapport presenteras en fallstudie som gjorts på en industrianläggning med flera tillhörande byggnader belägen i Sverige. I fallstudien har en energikartläggning utförts och tillhörande energieffektiviseringsförslag har rekommenderats. Anläggningen är en stålindustri och tillverkar verktyg till gruvindustrin. Syftet med arbetet var att kartlägga energianvändningen, lokalisera åtgärder att rekommendera för energieffektivisering och därefter utföra LCC- och nuvärdeskalkyler på förslagen. Energikartläggningen utfördes både på industrianläggningens stöd-och produktionsprocesser, medan energieffektiviseringsförslagen fokuserade på industrianläggningens stödprocesser som innefattar belysning, ventilation, tryckluft, ånga, lokalkomfort, pumpning, tappvarmvatten, interna transporter samt övriga okategoriserade stödprocesser. Målet med det var att ge förslag på hur industrin ska kunna minska sin energianvändning, vilket gynnar industrin, både ur ett ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv. För energikartläggningen tillhandahölls information främst genom kommunikation med anställda på fallföretaget och observationer i anläggningen. Flertalet antaganden har även gjorts, de gjordes vid tillfällen som annan information inte fanns tillgänglig och när beräkningar förenklades. Studien gav en klar bild av hur mycket energi fallföretaget använder årligen och hur energin är fördelad på industrianläggningens processer. Den visade även att en mängd åtgärdsförslag kunde läggas fram för fallföretaget för att minska deras energianvändning. Förslag lades fram i någon form för alla stödprocesser. LCC- eller nuvärdeskalkyler utfördes även på alla stödprocesser förutom ventilation. Industrianläggningens totala energianvändning under år 2022 var ca 47 131 MWh. Skulle fallföretaget välja att utföra de rekommenderade åtgärder som föreslogs så skulle, utifrån de kalkyler som gjorts, den nya energianvändningen bli 42 861 MWh vilket resulterar i en energibesparing på 4 270 MWh/år och en kostnadsbesparing på ca 6 400 000 kr/år. / The world is facing major challenges concerning climate and the environment, which are directly linked to energy use. Globally, energy demand is constantly increasing, while a large part of the energy mix still consists of fossil fuels. Industries is the sector responsible for the largest energy use, 38% both globally and locally in Sweden. To achieve the goals that have been set, including the UN's global goals and the goals included in the Paris Agreement, energy use in industries, among other things, must decrease. This report presents a case study made at an industrial plant with several associated buildings located in Sweden. In the case study, an energy audit has been carried out and associated energy efficiency measures have been recommended. The facility is mainly a steel machining industry with some complementary processes. The purpose of the work was to audit the energy use, locate measures to recommend for energy efficiency and then perform LCC and present value calculations on the proposals. The energy audit was carried out on both the industrial plant's support and production processes, while the energy efficiency measures focused on the industrial plant's support processes, which include lighting, ventilation, compressed air, steam, local comfort, pumping, tap water, internal transports and other uncategorized support processes. The goal was to provide suggestions on how the industry can reduce its energy use, which benefits the industry, both from an economic and environmental perspective. For the energy audit, information was provided mainly through communication with employees at the case company and observations in the facility. Some assumptions have also been made, they were made on occasions when other information was not available and when calculations were simplified. The study gave a clear representation of how much energy the case company uses annually and how the energy is distributed among the industrial plant's processes. It also showed that several measures could be put forward for the case company to reduce their energy use. Proposals were presented in some form for all support processes. LCC or present value calculations were also performed for all support processes except ventilation. The industrial plant's total energy use in 2022 was approximately 47 131 MWh. Should the case company choose to carry out the recommended measures that were proposed, based on the calculations made, the new energy use would be 42 861 MWh, which results in an energy saving of 4 270 MWh/year and a cost saving of approximately 6 400 000 SEK/year.

Bakgrund: Modig Machine Tool AB står inför en tillväxtresa där implementeringen av “Lean” blev relevant för att skapa den organisation som krävs för att bemöta en förväntad ökad efterfrågan på deras produkter. Över tid har “Lean” utvecklats från att enbart vara ett sätt för att organisera produktionen till att numera inkludera hela organisationen, däribland de administrativa stödprocesserna. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att skapa ökad kunskap kring hur ekonomiavdelningen behöver anpassa sig vid införandet av “Lean” i Modig Machine Tool AB. Metod: Studien är en enfallsstudie där konsult, redovisningschef och medarbetare på ekonomiavdelningen har intervjuats. Intervjuerna har tagit formen av att vara semistrukturerade med anledning av den kvalitativa forskningsansatsen. Vidare framgår en motivering till den teoretiska materialinsamlingen med anledning av att skapa en djup förståelse till fenomenet att implementera “Lean”. Slutsats: Studien identifierar att ekonomiavdelningen behöver anpassa sig till implementeringen av “Lean” genom ökad kommunikation, att vara en del av att skapa en samlad personalstyrka och flexibel och snabb i sitt arbetssätt för att bemöta framtida ökad efterfrågan. Således konkluderar arbetet att ekonomiavdelningen är i behov av att utveckla åtgärder kopplade till avdelningsöverskridande kommunikation, en informationsplan, ena sig bakom en stark möteskultur, samt att anamma en lärande kultur. / Background and problem: Modig Machine Tool AB is embarking on a growth journey where the implementation of “Lean” has become relevant to create the organization required to meet the expected increased demand for their products. Over time, “Lean” has evolved from being solely a way to organize production to now encompassing the entire organization, including administrative support processes. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about how the finance department needs to adapt to the implementation of “Lean” in Modig Machine Tool AB. Method: The study is a single-case study where a consultant, accounting manager, and employees in the finance department were interviewed. The interviews were semi-structured due to the qualitative research approach. Furthermore, a justification for the theoretical data collection is provided in order to gain a deep understanding of the phenomenon of implementing “Lean”. Conclusion: The study identifies that the finance department needs to adapt to the implementation of “Lean” through increased communication, being part of creating a cohesive workforce, and being flexible and agile in their work approach to meet future increased demand. Thus, this paper concludes that the finance department needs to develop measures linked to cross-functional communication, an information plan, unite behind a strong meeting culture, and to embrace a learning culture.