Orientador: Francisley Ávila Souza / Banca: Idelmo Rabgel Garcia Junior / Banca: Osny Ferreira Júnior / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento biológico do tecido ósseo ao redor de implantes manufaturados em liga Ti6Al-4V diante das superfícies modificadas por jateamento de óxido de alumínio seguido condicionamento ácido (SBAS) e a superfície usinada (MS). Material e Métodos: Dez coelhos receberam aleatoriamente 20 implantes de hexágono externo com dimensões de 4,0 mm de diâmetro e 10 mm de comprimento em suas tíbias direita e esquerda, sendo um implante de cada superfície em cada tíbia. Os implantes de ambos os grupos foram analisados através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV-EDX) e microscopia de força atômica (AFM). Discos com as mesmas superfícies foram submetidos à análise de rugosidade média (Ra) e secção transversal. Nos períodos de 3 e 6 semanas foi mensurado o coeficiente de estabilidade primária por meio da análise de frequência por ressonância (ISQ), seguido da eutanásia dos animais. As peças obtidas foram submetidas ao processamento de inclusão em resina fotopolimerizável e levadas ao micrótomo para corte calcificado. Foi mensurada em porcentagem a extensão linear de contato entre tecido ósseo mineralizado e implante (ELCOMI) e área óssea neoformada (AON). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste t de Tukey. Resultados: MEV e AFM mostraram diferenças na topografia das superfícies. Os valores médios obtidos pelas análises de frequência por ressonância, Ra e secção transversal para SBAS foram estatisticamente superiores (p<0,05) quando comparad... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Objective: Evaluate the biological behavior of bone tissue around implants manufactured in Ti-6Al-4V alloy before surfaces modified by aluminum oxide blasting followed by acid etching (SBAS) and machined surface (MS).Material and Methods: Ten rabbits randomly received 20 external hexagon implants with dimensions of 4.0 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length on theirright and left tibiae, one implant of each surface on each tibia. The implants of both groups were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Disks withthe same surfaces were submitted to analysis of average roughness (Ra) and cross section. In the periods of 3 and 6 weeks, the primary stability coefficient was measured by means of resonance frequency analysis (ISQ), followed by euthanasia of the animals. The obtained pieces were submitted to the inclusion processing in photopolymerizable resin and taken to the microtome for cutting without decalcification. The bone interface contact (BIC) and neoformed bone area (NBA) was measured in percentage. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey t test. Results: SEM and AFM showed differences in surface topography. The mean values obtained by the resonance, Ra and cross sectionanalyzes for SBAS were statistically higher (p <0.05) when compared to MS. The mean values in percentage of BICfor SBAS were 69.65 and 71.56 respectively for 3 and 6 weeks, while for MS the mean values were 54.06and 55.99 respectively for the same periods. The mean values of NBAin the SBAS group were 69.86 and 79.59 for the 3 and 6 week periods, while forMS the mean values were 59.59and 74.32, respectively, in the same groups. There were statistically superior differences (p <0.05) in SBAS implants for BICin the 3 and 6 week periods and AON in the 3 week period. Conclusion: The surface modification of the SBAS implants providedchanges... (Complete abstract electronic access below) / Mestre

No description available.

Moderne Methoden der Oberflächenbehandlung können Oberflächen mit besonderen Eigenschaften versehen. Diese Eigenschaften werden zunehmend durch ultradünne Schichten mit Schichtdicken von einigen Nanometern erzeugt, da mit minimalem Materialaufwand definierte Resultate erreichbar sind. Die meisten Metalle überziehen sich mit einer Oxidschicht, deren Eigenschaften von den herrschenden Umgebungsbedingungen bestimmt werden. Diese Oxidschicht bildet die Oberfläche des Festkörpers, und weist andere Eigenschaften auf als der Festkörper selbst. Darüber hinaus beeinflussen die Rauhigkeit sowie eventuell vorliegende Legierungsbestandteile die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit. Besonders geeignet zum Erzeugen ultradünner oder monomolekularer Schichten ist der Prozess der Selbstorganisation, bei dem man sich zu Nutze macht, dass oberflächenaktive Moleküle mit sich selbst und einem Substrat in Wechselwirkung treten können. Zum Verständnis der ablaufenden Vorgänge ist die Kenntnis der Prozesskinetik sowie die Charakterisierung der Substratoberfläche vor und nach der Adsorption erforderlich. Die Größenverhältnisse zwischen den adsorbierten Molekülen und der Rauheit der Oberfläche erschweren die Charakterisierung der vorliegenden Ordnung und Orientierung der erzeugten dünnen Schichten. In dieser Arbeit sind Untersuchung des Schichtbildungsverhaltens und die Charakterisierung der erzeugten Schichten aus Phosphon- und Phosphorsäurederivaten in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Eigenschaften der Substratoberflächen vorgenommen worden. Dabei kamen oberflächensensitive Methoden wie AFM, REM, SPR und XPS zum Einsatz. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die untersuchten Moleküle wie erwartet auf den Oberflächen orientieren und dabei einen Bedeckungsgrad von etwa 60% erreichen. Der Einfluss von unterschiedlichen Vorbehandlungsmethoden konnte ebenso charakterisiert werden.

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Polymeric waveguide-on-flex has the potential to replace complex and costly light-turning devices in optoelectronic applications. As light signals are propagated and confined through the definition of core-cladding interface, the light guiding structure is required to adhere well and ensure long term interfacial stability. This thesis addresses the gap that has emerged in the fundamental material issues such as the polymeric optical waveguide materials deposited on the flexible substrates. In addition, this thesis investigates the feasibility of a new approach using electrostatic-induced lithography in micro-patterning of polymer, in optical waveguide fabrication. Plasma treatment is applied to enhance interfacial adhesion between flex substrates and optical cladding layers. The modified flex surfaces of polyimide KaptonHNTM and liquid crystal polymer VecstarTM materials are characterised. In addition, sonochemical surface treatment is evaluated on these flexible substrates. ToF-SIMS depth profiling has confirmed the interface reaction mechanisms where it has shown that plasma treatment increases the interfacial interpenetration. The larger interfacial width increases the possible entanglement mechanism between the polymer chains. These results, together with the double cantilever beam testing, indicate the strengthening of the polymeric interface upon plasma treatment, which is essential for long term optical and mechanical stability of waveguide-on-flex applications. A new method of micro-pattering of polymer material has been adopted for fabricating multimode waveguide-on-flex. The method, using an electrostatic-induced lithography, is developed to produce 50 μm x 50 μm arrays of polysiloxane LightlinkTM waveguide on flex. This thesis looks at various process recipes of the technique and reports the pattern formation of polymeric optical core. By adjusting the spin-coated liquid core thickness, pre-bake condition, UV exposure and applied voltage, the aspect ratio and profile of the optical core microstructure can be varied. As the electrostatic pressure overcoming the surface tension of spin-coated waveguide material induces the optical core formation, the core structure is smooth, making it ideal for low scattering loss waveguide. The propagation loss of fabricated waveguide is measured at 1.97 dB/cm at 850 nm wavelength. The result shows that the use of electrostatic-induced lithography in optical polymer is a promising approach for low cost and low temperature (<150 °C) processing at back end optical-electrical integrated circuitry assembly.

This thesis research investigates the surface properties and performances of gold nanoparticles, microarc oxidation coating, and epitaxial nano-twinned copper film. The research aims to understand the critical behavior of material surfaces in order to facilitate design and development of new materials for tribological applications. The research will focus on improving of the gun barrel performances. Experimental approaches will be used for combining analysis with basic thermal energy transfer principles. Results obtained here will be used for developing new materials to be used in facilitating gun barrels. Experimental approach includes scanning calorimetry-thremogravimetric analysis, tribological testing, and potentiodynamic polarization. The fundamental understanding obtained here will be beneficial for the gun barrel design, manufacturing, and military technologies followed by the results of experiments with different three types of materials. The results of this research showed that the coatings with microarc oxidation and nano-twinned structure improved wear resistance from the tribological examinations and size of AuNPs affected their thermal behaviors measured by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis method.

No description available.

This thesis is an investigation into the accuracy of hybrid density functional theory to predict the properties of two transition metal oxides: Ilmenite (FeTiO3) and haematite (sigma-Fe2O3). The hybrid density functional theory examined is Becke's B3LYP functional, which is an empirical mix of density functional theory and exact nonlocal exchange from Hartree-Fock theory. For bulk ilmenite, results from the B3LYP functional are compared with Hartree-Fock and pure density functional theory calculations. The computed properties are found to be very sensitive to the treatment of electronic exchange and correlation, with the best results being achieved using the hybrid functional. Calculations performed using the hybrid functional benefit from its better treatment of the electronic self interaction and its reasonable estimate of the pair correlation energy of the doubly occupied Fe-d orbital. To assess the performance of the hybrid functional in simulating Fe2O3 and FeTiO3 with different cation-anion coordination than that found in ilmenite or haematite, studies were performed on their high pressure polymorphs, for which there are a range of experimental results for comparison. This tests the transferability of the functional before examining cases, such as the surfaces of these materials, where there are little or no experimental or theoretical results. For the currently known high pressure polymorphs of ilmenite and haematite, the structural and elastic parameters computed using the hybrid functional are found to be in good agreement with those observed, as is the predicted stability of the phases. In ilmenite, the calculations predict the stability of a new high-pressure polymorph with space group Cmcm, occurring at pressures above 44 GPa. Calculations of the high pressure polymorphs of haematite involve the examination of a range of charge, spin, and magnetic states for each of the polymorphs. Magnetic ordering was found to be important for all the polymorphs, and for each polymorph an antiferromagnetic ordering was found to be lower in energy than the ferromagnetic ordering. The predicted transition pressure from the corundum structure and the magnetic collapse of the Fe3+ cations were in good agreement with experiment. At high pressures the lowest energy configuration for the orthorhombic perovskite structure was computed to occur with mixed high-spin /low-spin Fe3+ cations, in contrast to predictions in the literature of a Fe2+/Fe4+ solution. The CaIrO3-type structure was also computed to be stable with a mixed high-spin/ low-spin Fe3+ configuration at high pressures, and is computed to be the most stable polymorph at pressures above 46 GPa at 0 K. The structure of the ilmenite (0001) surface is examined using the B3LYP functional, and for this surface twelve different terminations are considered, with surface energies and relaxed geometries calculated. The Fe terminated (0001) surface was found to have the lowest cleavage energy, and also to be the most stable surface at low oxygen partial pressures suggesting it is most likely to form when ilmenite is cleaved under high vacuum.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Habilitationsschrift--Hamburg. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [111]-116).