Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-01-24T09:36:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Assarice dos Santos.pdf: 1434727 bytes, checksum: 4730a0dedbbf9e1d836fe58c3addb6cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T09:36:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Assarice dos Santos.pdf: 1434727 bytes, checksum: 4730a0dedbbf9e1d836fe58c3addb6cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / Created in 1945 in Rio Branco (AC) by Daniel Pereira de Mattos (1888-1958), the Barquinha is a highly complex and little studied religious movement that is influenced by black, white and amerindian religious matrices. Through the drinking of the Daime (ayahuasca), rituals of mediumistic trance, intense Christian devotion, altruistic ideals, and an ample marine and esoteric imagery, this ayahuasca line flourished in several ramifications after the death of its founder and, although discreet, has been gaining adherents of diverse brazilian localities and social contexts. The main objective of this work was to identify and present the history; the main religious influences and the fundamental rituals of the Barquinha line. In addition, the dissertation sought to point out and expand the main concepts used by the researchers of this religious movement, in order to foster some reflections previously presented by them. For this, a systematic bibliographical survey was carried out on the Barquinha literature, which contents had been analyzed and organized in four chapters, in the light of the concepts like symbolic anthropology, from Clifford Geertz, and cultural hybridism, from Peter Burke. In addition to updating the literature on the timeline of this religious movement and identifying its main rituals and religious influences, it was possible to recognize that most of the authors who study Barquinha use the concepts of syncretism and eclecticism to define this religious movement. It was possible to note that most of the authors emphasize the use of ayahuasca in their reviews, not reliably highlighting the influence of esotericism on the symbolic constitution of this religious movement. Finally, through the concept of cultural hybridization, it was possible to broaden the understanding of the constituent processes of this religious movement / Criada em 1945 em Rio Branco (AC) por Daniel Pereira de Mattos (1888-1958), a Barquinha é um movimento religioso altamente complexo e pouco estudado que tem influência de matrizes religiosas negras, brancas e ameríndias. Através da beberagem do Daime (ayahuasca), rituais de transe mediúnico, intensa devoção cristã, ideais altruístas, e um amplo imaginário marinho e esotérico, esta linha ayahuasqueira floresceu em diversas ramificações após a morte de seu fundador e, apesar de discreta, vem ganhando adeptos de diversas localidades brasileiras e contextos sociais. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e apresentar a história, as principais influências religiosas e os rituais fundamentais da linha da Barquinha. Complementarmente, a dissertação buscou apontar e ampliar os principais conceitos utilizados pelos pesquisadores deste movimento religioso, a fim de fomentar algumas reflexões apresentadas previamente pelos mesmos. Para tal, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sistemático acerca da literatura da Barquinha, cujo conteúdo fora analisado e organizado em quatro capítulos, à luz dos conceitos de antropologia simbólica, de Clifford Geertz, e do hibridismo cultural de Peter Burke. Além de atualizar a literatura acerca da linha do tempo deste movimento religioso e identificar seus principais rituais e influências religiosas, foi possível reconhecer que a maioria dos autores que estudam a Barquinha utilizam os conceitos de sincretismo e ecletismo para definir este movimento religioso. Foi possível notar que a maioria dos autores enfatiza o uso da ayahuasca em suas análises, não destacando, de maneira fidedigna, a influência do esoterismo na constituição simbólica deste movimento religioso. Por fim, através do conceito de hibridização cultural, foi possível ampliar a compreensão dos processos constituintes deste movimento religioso

O objetivo desta pesquisa é discutir o processo de abertura da Igreja Católica às religiões afrobrasileiras, tendo como foco a liturgia das missas inculturadas (ou missa afro) nas quais elementos das religiões afro-brasileiras (principalmente do candomblé) são adotados. Em São Paulo, por exemplo, o ícone dessas celebrações é a missa da mãe negra\", ocorrida em torno do terceiro domingo de maio, que aproxima imaginários católicos (como a de Nossa Senhora Aparecida) e heranças da leitura da mãe e da mulher na escravidão (uma leitura do tipo Gilberto Freyre). Afora a problemática em torno desse imaginário, sobre o qual há bastante material disponível, procura-se saber como esse catolicismo faz a aproximação no âmbito dos conceitos teológicos e litúrgicos (tanto do ponto de vista de sacerdotes católicos e afrobrasileiros e de adeptos de ambos os sistemas). A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de São Paulo, especificamente em duas igrejas: Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Homens Pretos, no Largo do Paissandu e Nossa Senhora Achiropita, na Bela Vista, onde são realizados rituais inculturados (missa, batismo e casamento). Estas igrejas são emblemáticas: a primeira representaria a apropriação do catolicismo pelo negro e a segunda a apropriação das religiões afro-brasileiras pelo catolicismo. Assim, a Igreja Católica estaria dando continuidade no espaço litúrgico e teológico da igreja a um processo de \"culturalização\" destas religiões, o qual se verifica na sociedade nacional de um modo mais amplo. / The objective of this research is to discuss the broadening of the Catholic Church to include the Afro- Brazilian religions, having in focus the inculturated masses liturgy (or Afromasses) in which elements from Afro- Brazilian religions (mainly from candomblé) are adopted. In São Paulo, for example, the icon of those celebrations is the Black Mother Mass, one that happens around the third Sunday of May and that approximates catholic imaginaries (such as that of Nossa Senhora Aparecida) and the heritage of readings of the mother and the women during slavery (a reading made by Gilberto Freyre). Besides the problems associated with this imaginary, about which there exists a good number of material available, this research turns to the question about how this Catholicism approximates itself, in the range of theological and liturgical concepts (in as much from the point of view of Catholic and Afro- Brazilian priests as that of believers of both systems). This research was done in the city of São Paulo, specifically in two churches: Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Homens Pretos, at the Largo do Paissandu and Nossa Senhora Achiropita, at Bela Vista, where are performed inculturated rituals (masses, baptisms, marriages). These churches are emblematic: the first one, may represent the appropriation of Catholicism by the black; and the second one, the appropriation of the Afro- Brazilian religions by the Catholicism. In such a way the Catholic Church would be giving continuity in the theological and liturgical space of the church to a process of culturalization of these religions. A process that is verified in the national society in a wider mode.

Partagé entre d'anciennes traditions et une pratique médicale moderne, le thermalisme contemporain s'est construit comme une culture particulière de la santé qui confronte, sans pour autant les opposer, ces deux champs de savoir. Un regard ethnographique, fondé sur plusieurs terrains effectués en France (Aix-les-Bains) et en Italie (Salsomaggiore), permet de préciser plusieurs particularités de la pratique thermale européenne. En premier, l'expérience du corps et de la maladie relève autant de l'expérience individuelle que de l'expérience sociale. Dans la pluralité et la diversité des recours médicaux disponibles, le thermalisme a aussi cette particularité de mettre en avant la volonté du curiste qui est devenu un acteur de la « mécanique » physique et psychique du traitement. Non seulement il interagit activement avec ses thérapeutes mais il contribue à la construction et à la diffusion de la mythologie et de l'imaginaire thermal. Un imaginaire qui est d'ailleurs véhiculé par la ville thermale. Cette-dernière n'est pas qu'un lieu de cure mais plutôt un théâtre ou se met en scène et se légitime une certaine vision de la santé. Enfin, un dernier élément participe à l'épanouissement de la pratique thermale, le soin lui-même qui se compose de l'efficacité de l'eau et de la qualité des prestations des soignants. Ces derniers ont développé, au fil de leurs pratiques un rapport particulier au corps fait de proximité et de distance. Ils jouent ainsi le rôle du « passeur » et mettent en contact le curiste et la source. / Shared between ancient traditions and modern health practice, contemporary hydrotherapy has become a peculiar health culture encompassing, without mutually excluding, both of these knowledges. This ethnographic work based on field studies in France (Aix-les-Bains) and in Italy (Salsomaggiore) shed light on several aspects of the use of hydrotherapy in Europe. First, the perception of one's own body and of the disease rises from both personal and social experiences. Among all available health practices, hydrotherapy is peculiar in giving a central role to its user, at the same time subject and object of both the physical and psychological aspects of the treatment. Not only he actively interacts with his therapists, but he plays a pivotal role in building and spreading the mythology and the imagination of thermal baths, which are in turn conveyed by the spa town. This becomes not just the geographical place where the therapy is held, but also and most importantly a stage to represent and legitimate a certain view of health. A final important aspect contributing to the flourishing of hydrotherapy is the treatment itself, the effectiveness of the therapeutic water, the quality of the services provided by the therapists who developed a particular relationship with illness. At the crossroads of different types of medicines, ‘ medecines savantes', popular and alternative medicine, modern hydrotherapy revealed itself as a dynamic reality whose plurality allows the use of syncretism to explain the combining of different (often contradictory) beliefs and practices.

L’étude des relations interculturelles entre l’Afrique noire et le Brésil dans le cadre de la traite négrière transatlantique, nous a amené à nous intéresser à la singulière odyssée des Retornados Aguda du Bénin. Ce sont des esclaves émancipés revenus majoritairement de Bahia au lendemain de la révolte Malè (1835), dans les aires culturelles et géographiques de leurs ancêtres, celles de la Côte des Esclaves. Face au défi de réintégration dans une société qui les avait exclus au moins un siècle plutôt, ces "hommes nouveaux" ont développé d’ingénieux mécanismes de résistance et d’affirmation de soi, pour construire une aristocratie aux prestiges remarquables aux côtés des négriers portugais, brésiliens, anglais, français, hollandais, et danois installés sur cette côte de l’Afrique pour le commerce des esclaves. C’est à ce titre, et comme des éducateurs sociaux qu’ils ont éminemment contribué à la transformation socio-culturelle, économique et politique des aires d’accueil allant jusqu’à une profonde modification des us et coutumes locaux. Dans cette même logique, ils ont formé la première élite intellectuelle au service de la colonisation française qu’ils ont combattue par la suite jusqu’à la l’indépendance du Dahomey. Cette étude met en lumière les permanences et les mutations successives des vestiges de l’héritage socio-culturel, linguistique, politique et religieux des Aguda qui se poursuivent et se ressentent dans la société béninoise contemporaine. Les racines de ces apports afrobrésiliens sont si profondément enfouies dans les usages des Béninois contemporains au point que certains ont du mal à imaginer que des pratiques de leur quotidien qu’ils se sont appropriées et remodelées à leur goût au fil de générations, sont venues de l’autre côté de l’Atlantique. / In the quest of a study of the intercultural relations between sub-Saharan Africa and Brazil, we come to investigate on the particular odyssey of the Retornees Aguda in Benin. They are formers are slavers coming back home mainly from Bahia, following the Malè revolt (1835), in their former cultural and geographic area where their ancestors have been caught and sold as slaves, the Slave Coast. Meeting the challenge of their reintegration in a community where their ancestors were expelled, those “new people” used some resourceful resistant mechanisms, and a powerful self-assertion to build a distinguish aristocratic class together with the Portuguese, the Brazilian, the English, the French, the Danish and the Dutch slavers settled on that coast many years ago.It is on the crest of that high position in the society that they greatly took part in the socio-economic and cultural changes in those welcoming areas up to deep transfer in local habits and customs. In so doing, they have been the first intellectual elite serving the French colonial administration that they later opposed till the independence of the Dahomey colony. This survey brings into light the continuities as well as the remarkable changes on the remnants of the Aguda’s sociocultural, linguistic, politic and religious legacy which are deeply rooted in Beninese’s everyday life that some of them hardly guess that some daily usages come from the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.

This article explores the roles that porcelain portraits on grave markers play in identity construction and performance. Through semi-structured interviews, the biographies of five individuals are examined and then compared to determine norms or differences regarding their views on sepulchral photographs as a form of memorialization. While the decision to display a gravestone portrait could simply be a long-standing cultural practice, this interpretivist study indicates that the role of photo-tombstones is negotiated through a hybridization process involving religious syncretism, cultural convergence, or familial expectations. The role of photography as material culture is also examined, both as a metonymic replacement for the deceased and for its links to memory recall and remembrance.

No description available.

The pursuit of harmony has always been a great concern of Chinese thinkers. In this process, especially prior to the Ming dynasty, a significant “borrowing” of their basic philosophical elements and their mutually syncretic metamorphosis was a common practice among three religious communities, particularly disseminated during times of crisis. The work of Wang Yangming proved to be an epitome of this philosophical “collaboration”, capable of producing new synthetic teachings that directly or indirectly linked two or more polarized teachings. He succeeded in modifying the existing Buddhist idea of inherited Buddha Nature to be now understood as an innate insight, while also promoting the practice of meditation, as a clear example of Chan and Daoist influence. Wang Yangming is probably best known for his emphasis on the simultaneity of the two functions – knowledge and action, viewed as a reinterpretation of non-Confucian ideas in a new Neo-Confucian framework.

The pursuit of harmony has always been a great concern of Chinese thinkers. In this process, especially prior to the Ming dynasty, a significant “borrowing” of their basic philosophical elements and their mutually syncretic metamorphosis was a common practice among three religious communities, particularly disseminated during times of crisis. The work of Wang Yangming proved to be an epitome of this philosophical “collaboration”, capable of producing new synthetic teachings that directly or indirectly linked two or more polarized teachings. He succeeded in modifying the existing Buddhist idea of inherited Buddha Nature to be now understood as an innate insight, while also promoting the practice of meditation, as a clear example of Chan and Daoist influence. Wang Yangming is probably best known for his emphasis on the simultaneity of the two functions – knowledge and action, viewed as a reinterpretation of non-Confucian ideas in a new Neo-Confucian framework.

This study delineates the domestic architecture of the early colonial period in the American tropics in the first group of British colonies that survived. In 1624, the English made their first permanent settlement on St. Christopher in the Caribbean, then expanded to the neighboring islands of Nevis, Antigua and Montserrat. Of particular interest to this research was what the architecture would reveal regarding how the first settlers adapted to the new island environment, its geography, resources, climate, and people, in the first 100 years. The research involved the examination of manuscripts of the period in archives and collections in the UK, USA and Caribbean. The historical data accumulated was primarily inventories and brief descriptions of houses, business correspondence and a small number of official maps. A key resource was a document listing the losses of buildings and possessions suffered as a result of French raids in 1705-1706. The study views the recorded items not as losses, but instead as proof of what once existed, almost as newly found "treasure", and analyzes the items both qualitatively and quantitatively in order to reveal a clearer picture of daily life for the settlers, from modest farmers to wealthier land owners. The study identified house types, stylistic trends in the houses and their furnishing, patterns of use, and construction methods. The architecture recorded the British colonists' process of adaptation to the unfamiliar environment. The study found that Leeward Islands, in the settler period of English colonization (1624-1726) there was a significant degree of interaction and exchange between the Amerindian and British peoples. In addition, it found correlations with rural houses in the wider American tropical region.

The environmental justice movement emerged after the civil rights movement and began as an attack on environmental racism, when communities of color and low-income experience disproportionately high levels of exposure to air pollution, water pollution, and toxic facilities. The environmental justice movement is not unitary in practice, nor should it be—environmental racism and injustice are manifested in different ways and scales. However, those exposed to environmental racism are unified under an identity in solidarity, known as the people of color identity in environmental justice. As the environmental justice movement has grown and taken shape to better address injustices of a racialized landscape, it has connected more closely with movements for spatial justice and immigrant rights to combat a detrimentally narrow focus of activism. This thesis explores the rise of community-based activism in the Los Angeles’ labor social justice organizing after the civil unrest in 1992. By employing a spatial framework to environmental activism in urban settings, Los Angeles is a particularly provoking case study for analyzing the regional environmental justice movement as well as the multi-scalar social justice organizing movement. Contextualizing Los Angeles’ community-based activism in a historic context in the first section and then analyzing components of social justice organizing across movements, this project attempts to contribute to the ongoing discussion on the development of identity in justice-seeking activism.