Mathematics is the science and study of quality, structure, space, and change. It seeks out patterns, formulates new conjectures, and establishes the truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions. The study of mathematics makes a person better at solving problems. It gives someone skills that (s)he can use across other subjects and apply in many different job roles. In the modern world, builders use mathematics every day to do their work, since construction workers add, subtract, divide, multiply, and work with fractions. It is obvious that mathematics is a major contributor to many areas of study. For this reason, retrieving, ranking, and recommending Math answers, which is an application of Math information retrieval (IR), deserves attention and recognition, since a reliable recommender system helps users find the relevant answers to Math questions and benefits all Math learners whenever they need help solve a Math problem, regardless of the time and place. Such a recommender system can enhance the learning experience and enrich the knowledge in Math of its users. We have developed MaRec, a recommender system that retrieves and ranks Math answers based on their textual content and embedded formulas in answering a Math question. MaRec (i) applies KL-divergence to rank the textual content of a potential answer A with respect to the textual content of a Math question Q, and (ii) together with the representation of the Math formulas in Q and A as XML trees determines their subtree matching scores in ranking A as an answer to Q. The design of MaRec is simple, since it does not require the training and test process mandated by machine learning-based Math IR systems, which is tedious to set up and time consuming to train the models. Conducted empirical studies show that MaRec significantly outperforms (i) three existing state-of-the-art MathIR systems based on an offline evaluation, and (ii) a top-of-the-line machine learning system based on an online performance analysis.

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PURPOSE: Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) has not yet been systematically evaluated in the Caribbean context, particularly with Hispanic youth exposed to multiple disasters. The objective of this project was twofold: 1) to train mental health providers in Puerto Rico in TF-CBT as part of a clinical implementation project within the largest managed behavioral health organization (MBHO) on the island, and 2) to conduct a program evaluation to determine the feasibility of implementation and the effectiveness of the treatment. METHOD: Fifteen psychologists were trained in TF-CBT. These psychologists then provided TF-CBT to 56 children and adolescents, ages 5-18, in community-based mental health clinics and one primary care clinic with a co-located psychologist in Puerto Rico. The mean number of traumatic events reported by youth referred for TF-CBT was 4.11. RESULTS: Thirty-six out of 56 children enrolled in the project (64.3%) successfully completed all components of TF-CBT. Results demonstrated large effect sizes for reduction in youth-reported posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (Cohen's d = 1.32), depressive symptoms (Cohen's d = 1.32), and anxiety symptoms (Cohen's d = 1.18). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that it was feasible to train providers in TF-CBT, that providers were able to deliver TF-CBT in community-based settings both in person and via telehealth (due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and that TF-CBT was an effective treatment option to address trauma-related concerns for youth in Puerto Rico in a post-disaster context. This project is an important first step in the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based trauma-focused treatment for Hispanic youth and disaster-affected youth in the Caribbean.

Herewithin, two transcription factor (TF) regulatory complexes were investigated. A bHLH–MYB–WDR (BMW) DNA-binding complex from maize was the first complex to be studied. R, a maize bHLH involved in the activation of genes in the anthocyanin pathway, had been characterized to indirectly bind DNA despite the presence of a functional DNA-binding domain. Findings presented here reveal that this is only partially correct. Direct DNA-binding by R was found to be dependent upon two distinct dimerization domains that function as a switch. This switch-like mechanism allows R to be repurposed for the activation of promoters of differing cis-element structure. The second regulatory complex studied was of the Arabidopsis thaliana MIKC-MADS TF family. For many TFs, DNA-binding site recognition is relatively straightforward and very sequence specific, while others exhibit relaxed sequence specificity. MADS-domain TFs are one family of TFs with a wider range of cis-element sequences. Though consensus cis-element sequences have been determined for various MADS-domains, correctly predicting and identifying biologically functional cis-elements has been a challenge. In order to study the influence of nucleobase associations within the cis-element, a DNA-Protein Interaction (DPI)-ELISA method was modified and optimized to screen a panel of specific probes. Screening of the SEP3 homodimer against a panel of sequential, palindromic probes revealed that nucleobases in position -1:+1 of the CArG-box influence binding strength between the MADS-domain and DNA. Additionally, the specificity of AGL15 towards CT-W6-AG forms was discovered to be determined by the functional groups present in the minor groove at position -4:+4 using inosine:cytosine (I:C) base pairs. Finally, the FLC–SVP MADS-domain heterodimer, bound to a native cis-element, was modeled and binding simulated using molecular dynamics. In conjunction with simulations of AGL15 and SEP3 homodimers, a potential binding mechanism was identified for this unique heterodimer. DNA sequence recognition by the MADS-domain was found to occur asymmetrically. In the case of the FLC–SVP heterodimer, the direction of asymmetrical DNA-binding in heterodimers was found to be fixed. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulations provided insight towards understanding the results generated from previous DPI-ELISA experiments, which should provide an improved means for predicting biologically significant CArG-boxes around genes.

This work focuses on the summarization task for a set of articles on the same topic. It discusses several possible ways of summarizations and ways to assess their final quality. The implementation of the described algorithms and their application to selected texts constitutes a part of this work. The input texts come from several Czech news servers and they are represented as deep syntactic trees (the so called tectogrammatical layer).

<p>El presente análisis parte de un estudio contrastivo, el cual consta de una clasificación de los títulos literarios traducidos del castellano al sueco entre los años 1988 y 2007. Hemos clasificado los títulos según el grado de modificación semántica entre el título original y el título traducido. La parte cualitativa consta del análisis de algunos títulos del estudio contrastivo, con un enfoque particular en los títulos que han sido modificados, los efectos que las modificaciones conllevan, si se pueden motivar y por qué.</p><p>Parece haber un respeto profundo por el título original de una obra, ya que un 48% de los 208 títulos traducidos del estudio equivalen semánticamente a los títulos originales. Sin embargo, un 52% de los títulos ha sido modificado al ser traducido. Al analizar algunos casos de manera más profunda queda claro que más bien que ser cambios arbitrarios, las modificaciones lingüísticas pueden tener explicaciones sintácticas, estilísticas y/o culturales. El deseo de reconstruir significado connotativo y cierto nivel estilístico ha sido la guía en muchos casos. En efecto, una equivalencia formal, o traducir de manera más literal, no siempre es deseable, aunque sea una opción posible en la mayoría de los casos.</p>

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No description available.

Considerando as complexidades envolvidas no processo de tomada de decisão nas organizações de hoje, é fácil ver que este processo representa um ponto importante para a obtenção de vantagens na competição pelo mercado. Portanto, observa-se que a função de gerenciamento é fundamental para a empresa, seja qual for o seu setor de atividade, tamanho, complexidade e tecnologia dos produtos ou serviços por ela oferecidos. Por este motivo, é importante que seja dada uma atenção particular ao aperfeiçoamento desta função e, para que isto seja possível, é necessário que, primeiro, seja feita uma análise detalhada do Sistema de Gerenciamento existente na empresa através da utilização de uma ferramenta que permita criar um modelo que represente as informações necessárias. De acordo com esta necessidade, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma técnica que auxilia na criação do modelo da Estrutura de Decisão associada ao Sistema de Gerenciamento da empresa. A técnica descrita está baseada no método de refinamentos sucessivos, e visa permitir que, a partir do modelo macro da estrutura de decisão, sejam criados modelos específicos, com um nível de formalização adequado para a implementação de sistemas de informação automatizados, que possam apoiar o processo da tomada de decisão. A preocupação principal foi propor uma técnica que forneça a facilidade de uma ferramenta gráfica, a qual permita um rápido aprendizado e proporcione ao analista um canal de comunicação com o usuário, assim como também permita a criação de um modelo com um alto grau de detalhamento. Para que isto seja possível a proposta alia o uso das Redes de Petri e do modelo TF-ORM. Ao final é apresentado um estudo de caso focando a estrutura de decisão em um ambiente de manufatura, o qual é utilizado para mostrar a aplicação prática da técnica. / Considering the complexities involved in the process of decision-taking in organizations nowadays, it is easy to realize that this process represents an important point in the acquisition of advantages concerning the competition for the market. Therefore, it is observed that the function of the management is fundamental to the enterprise, whatever its section of activity, size, complexity, technology of its products or services are. That is why it is important to give particular attention to the improvement of that function, and for that to be possible, first it is necessary to do a detailed analysis of the Management System that exists in the enterprise through the utilization of a tool which permits to create a model to represent the needed information. According to this necessity, this paper proposes a technique which helps in the creation of a model of the Decision Structure associated with the Enterprise Management System. This technique has been based on the method of successive refinement and aims at allowing to be created, from the macro model of the decision structure, specific models and with a formalization level adequate to the implement of automatic information's systems that can support the process of decision-taking. The goal was to propose a technique that provides the facility of a graphic tool and permits a fast learning, providing the analyst with a way to communicate with the user, as well as it should permit the creation of a model with a high level of details. For this to be possible, the proposal associates the use of Petri Nets and TF-ORM model together. At the end a case study focusing on the decision structure in a manufacturing environment, with is used to show the practical application of the technique is presented.

Considerando as complexidades envolvidas no processo de tomada de decisão nas organizações de hoje, é fácil ver que este processo representa um ponto importante para a obtenção de vantagens na competição pelo mercado. Portanto, observa-se que a função de gerenciamento é fundamental para a empresa, seja qual for o seu setor de atividade, tamanho, complexidade e tecnologia dos produtos ou serviços por ela oferecidos. Por este motivo, é importante que seja dada uma atenção particular ao aperfeiçoamento desta função e, para que isto seja possível, é necessário que, primeiro, seja feita uma análise detalhada do Sistema de Gerenciamento existente na empresa através da utilização de uma ferramenta que permita criar um modelo que represente as informações necessárias. De acordo com esta necessidade, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma técnica que auxilia na criação do modelo da Estrutura de Decisão associada ao Sistema de Gerenciamento da empresa. A técnica descrita está baseada no método de refinamentos sucessivos, e visa permitir que, a partir do modelo macro da estrutura de decisão, sejam criados modelos específicos, com um nível de formalização adequado para a implementação de sistemas de informação automatizados, que possam apoiar o processo da tomada de decisão. A preocupação principal foi propor uma técnica que forneça a facilidade de uma ferramenta gráfica, a qual permita um rápido aprendizado e proporcione ao analista um canal de comunicação com o usuário, assim como também permita a criação de um modelo com um alto grau de detalhamento. Para que isto seja possível a proposta alia o uso das Redes de Petri e do modelo TF-ORM. Ao final é apresentado um estudo de caso focando a estrutura de decisão em um ambiente de manufatura, o qual é utilizado para mostrar a aplicação prática da técnica. / Considering the complexities involved in the process of decision-taking in organizations nowadays, it is easy to realize that this process represents an important point in the acquisition of advantages concerning the competition for the market. Therefore, it is observed that the function of the management is fundamental to the enterprise, whatever its section of activity, size, complexity, technology of its products or services are. That is why it is important to give particular attention to the improvement of that function, and for that to be possible, first it is necessary to do a detailed analysis of the Management System that exists in the enterprise through the utilization of a tool which permits to create a model to represent the needed information. According to this necessity, this paper proposes a technique which helps in the creation of a model of the Decision Structure associated with the Enterprise Management System. This technique has been based on the method of successive refinement and aims at allowing to be created, from the macro model of the decision structure, specific models and with a formalization level adequate to the implement of automatic information's systems that can support the process of decision-taking. The goal was to propose a technique that provides the facility of a graphic tool and permits a fast learning, providing the analyst with a way to communicate with the user, as well as it should permit the creation of a model with a high level of details. For this to be possible, the proposal associates the use of Petri Nets and TF-ORM model together. At the end a case study focusing on the decision structure in a manufacturing environment, with is used to show the practical application of the technique is presented.