Internet-based celebrity gossip blog site, TMZ, is a growing cultural force. Employing critical rhetorical analytics, the author examines the TMZ coverage of Chris Brown's assault on his then-girlfriend, Rihanna. This project explicates TMZ's enthymematic invocation of dominant cultural ideologies surrounding race, sex, and domestic violence. Chapter 1 demonstrates the theoretical importance of both celebrities and gossip blogs, signaling the ideological importance of each. Chapter 2 critiques TMZ's reliance on historic myths regarding sex and race in their reporting on this case. Chapter 3 analyzes TMZ's humorous and affective strategies that bolster broader investments in colorblind ideologies. Chapter 4 concludes by examining the interplay of formal rhetorical elements that inform the project's findings. This research reveals that TMZ utilizes affective, enthymematic strategies that camouflage broader racist and sexist ideological impulses that perpetuate domestic violence myths.

Yes / The cellular responses to two new temozolomide (TMZ) analogues, DP68 and DP86, acting against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines and primary culture models are reported. Dose–response analysis of cultured GBM cells revealed that DP68 is more potent than DP86 and TMZ and that DP68 was effective even in cell lines resistant to TMZ. On the basis of a serial neurosphere assay, DP68 inhibits repopulation of these cultures at low concentrations. The efficacy of these compounds was independent of MGMT and MMR functions. DP68-induced interstrand DNA cross-links were demonstrated with H2O2-treated cells. Furthermore, DP68 induced a distinct cell–cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in S phase that is not observed for TMZ. Consistent with this biologic response, DP68 induces a strong DNA damage response, including phosphorylation of ATM, Chk1 and Chk2 kinases, KAP1, and histone variant H2AX. Suppression of FANCD2 expression or ATR expression/kinase activity enhanced antiglioblastoma effects of DP68. Initial pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid elimination of these drugs from serum. Collectively, these data demonstrate that DP68 is a novel and potent antiglioblastoma compound that circumvents TMZ resistance, likely as a result of its independence from MGMT and mismatch repair and its capacity to cross-link strands of DNA. / The full-text of this article was released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 2 Feb 2016.

<p>En kvalitativ undersökning av hur de största svenska tidningarna rapporterade om Michael Jacksons död. Genom en innehållsanalys och intervjuer med journalister kartläggs det första dygnet efter stjärnans bortgång för att se hur nöjesjournalister bemöter nyheter genom att undersöka vilka källor man använde och vad man valde att publicera på webben och i pappret. Detta görs genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av mediamaterialet samt strukturerade intervjuer med journalisterna som jobbade under det valda dygnet. Centralt för uppsatsen är hur journalister på <em>Dagens Nyheter</em>,<em> Svenska Dagbladet</em>,<em> Aftonbladet </em>och <em>Expressen</em> ställer sig till kändissajten <em>TMZ</em> och hur de värderar sajten som källa. Den teoretiska bakgrunden utgörs av studier i medieetik, källkritik och kändiskultur. Inställningen till nya, ofta nätbaserade, källor som <em>TMZ</em> är väldigt blandad hos journalisterna. Ändå har attityden till just <em>TMZ</em> blivit mer positiv efter rapporteringen om Michael Jacksons död. Dock riskerar den flitiga användningen av andrahandskällor att utgöra ett hot mot den ”seriösare” nöjesjournalistiken som den ser ut i dag.</p>

En kvalitativ undersökning av hur de största svenska tidningarna rapporterade om Michael Jacksons död. Genom en innehållsanalys och intervjuer med journalister kartläggs det första dygnet efter stjärnans bortgång för att se hur nöjesjournalister bemöter nyheter genom att undersöka vilka källor man använde och vad man valde att publicera på webben och i pappret. Detta görs genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av mediamaterialet samt strukturerade intervjuer med journalisterna som jobbade under det valda dygnet. Centralt för uppsatsen är hur journalister på Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressen ställer sig till kändissajten TMZ och hur de värderar sajten som källa. Den teoretiska bakgrunden utgörs av studier i medieetik, källkritik och kändiskultur. Inställningen till nya, ofta nätbaserade, källor som TMZ är väldigt blandad hos journalisterna. Ändå har attityden till just TMZ blivit mer positiv efter rapporteringen om Michael Jacksons död. Dock riskerar den flitiga användningen av andrahandskällor att utgöra ett hot mot den ”seriösare” nöjesjournalistiken som den ser ut i dag.

L’estuaire de la Gironde est sujet à des épisodes d’hypoxie très marqués en été dans la Garonne estuarienne autour de Bordeaux, lorsque le bouchon vaseux y est très concentré, le débit fluvial faible et la température élevée. Les observations indiquent que la diminution des concentrations en oxygène est liée à la combinaison des facteurs naturels (apports par le bassin versant et hydrodynamique sédimentaire) et anthropiques (rejets d’eaux urbaines partiellement traitées). Afin de quantifier les mécanismes contrôlant les variations temporelles et spatiales de l’oxygène dissous, un modèle biogéochimique a été couplé à un modèle hydro-sédimentaire à 3D, capable de simuler le transport des variables dissoutes et particulaires, les réactions consommant l’oxygène, et la ré-aération par l’atmosphère. Le modèle biogéochimique reproduit bien les variations d’oxygène dans la Garonne à Bordeaux à l’échelle saisonnière et lunaire et permet de quantifier les contributions relatives des rejets urbains et des apports du bassin versant à la consommation en oxygène. Utilisé pour simuler des conditions futures (d’ici à 50 ans), le modèle indique que les phénomènes d’hypoxie estivale ont tendance à s’amplifier dans la Garonne estuarienne du fait de l’augmentation de la température de l’eau, de la diminution des débits fluviaux et de l’augmentation de la population dans l’agglomération bordelaise. Les simulations de différents scenarii de gestion indiquent que des soutiens d’étiage, une amélioration du traitement des eaux urbaines et éventuellement un transfert des rejets vers l’aval seraient nécessaires pour éviter une altération drastique de la qualité du milieu aquatique. / The Gironde estuary shows frequent events of hypoxia, particularly during summer in the Garonne tidal river near the city of Bordeaux, in the presence of a dense turbidity maximum, when river discharge is low and water is warm. Field observations reveal that decreases in oxygen concentrations are linked to the combination natural processes (inputs from the watershed and sediment hydrodynamics) and anthropogenic processes (loads of partially treated urban waters). In order to quantify the mechanisms controlling the temporal and spatial variations of dissolved oxygen, a 3D biogeochemical model was coupled to the hydro-sedimentary model. It allowed simulate the transport of solutes and suspended material, the biological reactions consuming oxygen, and the re-aeration by the atmosphere. The biogeochemical model reproduces satisfactorily the seasonal and neap-spring time scale variations of dissolved oxygen around the city of Bordeaux and quantifies the relative contribution of urban and watershed inputs to oxygen consumption. When used to simulate future conditions (50 years), the model indicates that summer hypoxia will likely increase in the future, due to the increase in water temperatures and decrease in river discharge (droughts), and increase in population in the megacity of Bordeaux. Simulation of different management scenarios indicate that support for low-water river discharge, improvement of waste water treatments, and eventually a displacement of urban load downstream will be necessary in order to avoid a drastic alteration of the quality of the aquatic system.

No description available.

Jusqu’à présent, la dynamique des fractions végétales n’avait jamais été étudiée dans les estuaires macrotidaux en raison de leur faible quantité, par rapports aux fortes charges en matières en suspension fines, et du manque de protocoles d’étude et d’échantillonnage adéquats. Les débris végétaux sont toutefois à l’origine de perturbations d’activités économiques qui impliquent la filtration de larges volumes d’eau. L’objectif de cette thèse était ainsi de comprendre la dynamique d’apport et de transit de ces débris végétaux dans l’estuaire de la Gironde par la mise en oeuvre d’un suivi spatio-temporel de leur distribution et de techniques nouvelles pour un tel estuaire hyper-turbide (incubations in-situ litter-bag, caractérisation biogéochimique, identification des sources). Les résultats principaux sont la mise en évidence du contrôle du régime hydrologique sur leur distribution et la détermination des échelles de temps de leur persistance dans l’estuaire de la Gironde. / Up to now, vegetal fraction dynamics has not been studied in macrotidal estuaries, due to its low quantity in comparison to the strong charge of suspended particulate matter, and due to the lack of appropriate protocols to sample and examine it. Nevertheless, vegetal debris have been identified as a factor able to disrupt a wide range of stakeholder activities that require huge volumes of water to filter. The objective of this PhD was to understand the input and transfer dynamics of vegetal debris in the Gironde Estuary by the implementation of a spatiotemporal btrack of their distribution and by the development of new techniques for this hyper-turbide estuary (in situ litter-bag incubations, biogeochemical characterization, and identification of the sources). Mean results highlight the influence of the hydrological regime in their distribution and reveal time scales of their persistence in the Gironde Estuary.

New Zealand has the second highest incidence of melanoma skin cancer in the world. Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for melanoma derived tumours which have undergone metastasis and current therapies have limited benefit. There is a great need for new therapies and to increase the efficacy of current therapies. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a chemotherapy agent effective in the treatment of both metastatic melanoma and glioblastoma (brain cancer), although TMZ resistance has been observed in many tumours. The activity of the DNA repair enzyme O6 methyl-guanine methyltransferase (MGMT) is thought to be largely responsible for TMZ resistance. MGMT protects the cell from the effects of TMZ by removing cytotoxic lesions placed on the DNA. Mechanisms of regulation of MGMT expression remain unclear in melanoma. DNA methylation at the MGMT promoter has been linked to MGMT silencing in some cancers and has been associated with specific chromatin modifications. The present study was aimed at investigating the promoter methylation status of MGMT in primary melanoma cell lines using a new technique named methyl DNA immuno-precipitation (MeDIP). Next, the chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP) method was used to examine post translational modifications on the surrounding chromatin. The data obtained was correlated with both MGMT transcription levels and TMZ sensitivity. The promoter methylation status of MGMT has been used to predict the clinical responsiveness of glioblastoma patients to TMZ. Establishing the regulatory mechanisms of MGMT expression in melanoma patients would validate a means to predict clinical responsiveness to TMZ. Furthermore, establishing mechanisms of MGMT silencing may provide the basis for future clinical trials of novel therapies for melanoma and glioblastoma.