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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

我國各縣市整體環保績效之研究 / The Performance Evaluation of Environmental Protection in Taiwan’s Local Governments

游京晶, Yu, Jing Jing Unknown Date (has links)
台灣1970年代以來經濟起飛,人民生活日漸富裕,隨著經濟實力成長,同時也犧牲了環境,為了使人類永續發展,人民開始重視環境保護,要求政府改善以維護生活品質。因此環保投入的效率成為重要的研究課題。 本研究目的以資料包絡分析法建立客觀的「投入-產出」模型,來評估2001年至2010年各縣市環保機關在空氣、噪音、水及廢棄物污染防制的續效表現,再分析各縣市環保機關整體績效,並研究四個環保評估面向影響整體環保績效的比例為何。 實證結果發現,整體績效而言,台北市、高雄市資源雖然多,但技術仍然不足以應付沉重的環境、人口負荷量,使得投入與產出的效率不如其他縣市。並由各環保面向績效的趨勢分析發現,資源回收率的效率進步最多,水污染防制效率最差。 Tobit迴歸模型中,四個環保評估面向對整體環保面向的影響為顯著正相關,而且資源回收率效率值對整體環保效率值的影響最大,符合本研究預期。 / This research aims at assessing environmental protection performance in Taiwan’s local governments about air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution and resource recycling from 2001 to 2010 base on DEA and Tobit regression model to analyze the effect of each part’s CCR on whole Environmental Protection efficiency. The result of DEA are (1)The Taipei city and Kaohsiung are good in input than other cities, but lower than other cities in output, because there are too many population to deal with those pollution. (2)Analyzing the trend of each environmental protection part, the resource recycling make great progress. According to this study, the fore evaluations are significantly positive effect on whole performance evaluation of environmental protection. The most value is resource recycling that meet our expected
2

天津政府效率的評估-兼論地方財政分權的角色 / The assessment of The Tianjin government efficiency

楊翎艷, Yang, Ling Yen Unknown Date (has links)
本文為探討天津市政府所轄各區縣之地方效率,並找出影響該地方效率之因素為何,首先針對有關天津政府效率之評估指標、財政分權程度之衡量及天津政府效率相關政策之文獻進行回顧,同時整理天津市所轄各區縣可能影響效率相關因素之發展現況,藉以取得適當變數,接著本研究將設計實證模型並進行假設,包含各項資料蒐集與整理,在利用資料包絡分析法(DEA)加以評估獲得天津市所轄各區縣之地方政府效率值後,並以TOBIT迴歸模型衡量相關因素對其效率之影響情況。 最後,本研究發現,對於天津市政府所轄各區縣之地方政府效率影響,其中以物價上漲程度、時間趨勢變數均屬負向變數。而財政分權程度、地方政府規模、經濟發展程度、開放程度則均為正向變數。而財政分權程度、地方政府規模均非屬單調性變數,表達該變數所影響效率狀態將非必然為單向相關,當程度或規模有所變化,其影響也可能將隨之化作反向影響。另外,就天津市所轄各區縣在2008至2010年政府效率之表現,以和平、河東、河西、南開、河北、北辰、濱海新區等7區有較高之政府效率,可期未來將更有突出發展。
3

台灣上市銀行女性董監事的比例與其經營績效之關係 / The relationship between the proportion of female directors and supervisors in listed banks in Taiwan and the operational performance of the banks

黃偉銘, Huang, Wei Ming Unknown Date (has links)
目前對於女性董事與財務績效的研究,以國外的文獻居多,台灣的研究僅有3篇,皆是以複迴歸的方式來進行研究分析,僅有一篇是針對金融業進行研究。未來全球經濟的發展,將隨著女性職場上參與程度和社經能力的提升而有所改變。而銀行業對經濟發展有密不可分的關係,故本研究以臺灣21間上市銀行2006年至2011年間的追蹤資料(即126筆樣本觀察值)來進行實證研究。採資料包絡分析法評估績效後,再以Tobit迴歸模型探討女性董監事的比例對台灣上市銀行經營績效的影響,並加入可能影響銀行經營績效的因素作為解釋變數,包括:資本適足率、逾放比率、銀行規模、政府持股比率、銀行是否加入金控、以及時間變數等因素。實證結果發現,女性董事的比例對於銀行的經營績效在統計上有負向的影響,而女性監察人的比例則沒有顯著的影響。建議末來可繼續研究女性董監事與其它產業的績效關係,以增加女性董監事與台灣產業間之關聯性的研究。 / At present, the studies of female directors and financial performances are mostly in foreign documents, and there are only three studies from Taiwan which are based on multiple regression analysis approach of research; only one of those studies focus on financial industry. The global economic development in the future will be changed along with the level of female participation in the workplace and the enhancement of their socio-economic capabilities. Moreover, banking has a close and tight relationship with economic developments. Therefore, this study was based on the traceable data of 21 listed banks in Taiwan from 2006 to 2011 (i.e., 126 sample observations) to proceed the empirical research. After adopting data envelopment analysis to evaluate the performances, it used tobit censored regression model to discuss the influence of the operational performance of listed banks in Taiwan along with the proportion of female directors and supervisors. It also added the possible factors that may affect the banks’ performance as explanatory variables including Capital Adequacy ratio, Non-Performing Loans ratio, size of banks, Public Shareholding ratio, joining in financial holding, time variables and other factors. The result of the study showed that statistically there is a negative effect to the operational performance of the banks along with the proportion of female directors; however, there is no significant impact affected by the proportion of female supervisors. In the future it suggested that the study can be continued researching about the influence of the operational performances in other industries by the proportion of female directors and supervisors in order to increase the research of the correlation between female directors/supervisors and industry performance in Taiwan.
4

中國大陸財政地方分權對其地方政府效率之影響 / The effect of fiscal decentralization on the efficiency of local governments in China

江姵慧, Jiang, Pei Huei Unknown Date (has links)
中國自改革開放以來,財政體系歷經了幾次重大的變革,其中財政分權為一個重要的階段,並且也被認為是促進中國經濟快速發展的關鍵因素之一。但中央將權力下放給地方,是否對地方政府效率造成正面的效益,許多文獻對此議題有著兩面的看法。因此,本文的研究目的主要探討中國財政分權對地方政府效率的影響。 首先,本研究採用DEA衡量中國31個省市的地方政府效率,並以財政收入的自主性衡量財政分權程度。接著,利用中國的省級追蹤資料(panel data),以及Tobit迴歸模型來進行實證分析。其實證結果指出,財政地方分權和地方政府效率之間存在非線性的關係,意即存在一個財政分權的臨界值。而其他解釋變數方面,各省市人口密度和人均實質GDP對地方政府效率為顯著且正面的影響。此外,時間趨勢變數對地方政府效率存在著顯著且負向的效果。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of fiscal decentralization on the efficiency of local governments in China. Fisrst, this study uses the data envelopment analysis to weigh the efficiency of local governments in China, and takes revenue-autonomy to the variable of finance decentralization. Then, by using the panel data in 31 regions during the period of 1996-2008, this study adopts the Tobit model to analyze whether or not the fiscal decentralization provides a non-linear effect on the local government’s efficiency. The empirical result explain why past papers have inconstant conclusions to this problem and provides some important policy implications.
5

政府補助款之績效分析-以教育部「國際一流大學及頂尖研究中心計畫」為例 / Performance of government subsidy - take the ministry of education, "world-class universities and top-level research centers program" as an example

羅浩菱 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以教育部「發展國際一流大學及頂尖研究中心計畫」為例,以全國164所大學院校為研究對象,採用其95學年度至97學年度中之資料,利用兩階段分析方法,第一階段利用資料包絡分析法,估計各大學院校在固定規模報酬、變動規模報酬與規模效率下之效率值;第二階段則採用Tobit迴歸模型,探討教育部提供之補助款與多項解釋變數對各大學院校辦學績效的影響如何。 研究結果顯示,就效率值方面來看,95年度之效率值相對最高,且有逐年遞減的情況,至97年度達最低值;另外,有獲得教育部「發展國際一流大學及頂尖研究中心計畫」之補助款的大學院校,其效率值相對於未獲得補助款之大學院校效率值高,表示計畫實施3年以來有一定的成果。 第二階段Tobit迴歸分析方面,顯示「發展國際一流大學及頂尖研究中心計畫」中有關國際一流大學部份之補助款對大學院校之辦學績效有正向的影響,補助款越多,可提升大學院校之辦學績效;然而,頂尖研究中心之補助款與大學院校辦學績效之間卻呈現負向關係,表示教育部此項補助款越多,將會降低大學院校辦學績效,或許政府應思考此項補助計畫之必要性,以避免造成不必要之浪費。
6

西部大開發政策後中國大陸西部地區地方政府效率之分析-兼論財政地方分權的角色 / The local government efficiency in the western area of china after the implementation of the grand western development program

呂暉鵬, Lu, Hui Peng Unknown Date (has links)
中國大陸在近幾十年來的經濟成長舉世矚目,卻也造成了中國大陸東西部發展不平均的隱憂。有鑑於此,江澤民在1999 年的「中央扶貧開發會議」上首次提出了「西部大開發」戰略概念,期能縮小區域發展不均衡的差距。西部大開發預計進行50 年分三個階段進行,截至2010 年已經完成了第一階段。在這十年間,整個西部地區有著巨大的改變。   因此,本文的研究目的在於,利用大陸西部12 個省、市、地區自2000 至2010年的追蹤資料,再運用Tobit實証模型進行實證分析。其實證結果顯示,財政地方分權程度、人口密度、地區生產總值、地方政府規模以及地區開放程度等因素,對地方政府效率值之影響為正向;而財政地方分權程度之平方項與地方政府規模之平方項,則對地方政府效率具有負向影響,即財政地方分權與地方政府規模對於地方政府效率之影響可能呈現非單調性。 / The economic growth of China has increased rapidly in recent several decades, but thisgrowth has resulted in the imbalance between the eastern and western region. According tothis situation, Zemin Jiang first proposed the “Grand Western Development Program” in the“central poverty alleviation and development conference” in 1999, hoping to reduce the imbalance in the regional development gap. After carrying out the Grand Western Development Program, the growth ranges of GDP per capita in some of regions have risen quickly. Therefore, the research purpose of this literature is to analyze the empirical estimation of the Tobit model with the panel data which include 12 provinces, cities, and regions in China western area from 2000 to 2010. The empirical results show that the degree of fiscal decentralization, the density of population, gross regional product, the scale of local government, and the degree of openness all have positive influences on the efficiency of local governments. However, the quadratic terms of the degree of fiscal decentralization and the scale of local government have negative influences on the efficiency of local governments. That is to say, the degree of fiscal decentralization and the scale of local government probably have non-monotonic effects on the efficiency of local governments.

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