65 Summary This thesis describes legal literacy, importance of its development especially among young people and moot courts and mock trials as a method of its development. Legal literacy is important social topic, which is not sufficiently covered by academic literature. This thesis endeavours to describe the importance of legal literacy for individuals as well as for whole society using available sources. Particular consideration is given to legal literacy of young people, who have the opportunity to influence the society in long term perspective. Legal literacy development of young people can be realized by performing moot court or mock trial. These interactive teaching methods allow students to actively participate on their education. This increases students' interest in subject matter. This thesis analyzes these methods and determines that these are effective methods of legal literacy development. This is based on both theoretical and empirical research. Empirical data were acquired by questionnaire survey realized among 240 high school students, who attended moot court or mock trial organised within Street Law programme at Law Faculty of Charles University in 2016 or 2017. Keywords legal literacy, moot court, mock trial Thesis title Legal literacy of high school students and its development via moot...

Magister Legum - LLM

Background: With usual supplementation practices, most children are Vitamin D Deficient (VDD) following Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) surgery and alternative regimens need consideration. Methods/Results: i) A systematic review identified 88 pediatric trials of high dose vitamin D. Studies evaluating the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) did not rapidly normalize levels, while loading therapy (≥ 40000 IU) did so within 3 days. Hypercalcemia occurred more often with doses above 400000 IU. ii) A double blind RCT was designed to determine whether pre-operative administration of the IOM UL can prevent post-operative VDD. Results after the first 30 participants completed study procedures demonstrated it was possible to recruit (1.8 patients per month) and complete study procedures (i.e. blood collection). Unfortunately few participants (45%) received more than 30 doses of study drug. Conclusion: Prevention of post-operative VDD in the majority of CHD patients will require alternatives to the IOM recommendations.

Introduction: Thromboprophylaxis recommendations for hospitalized cancer are based on trials done for the general medically patients, as there are no randomized clinical trials(RCTs) looking at thromboprophylaxis in medically ill patients with cancer. Methods: To determine if thromboprophylaxis is safe and effective to prevent VTE these patients, a Systematic Review(SR) was done. A survey was performed to assess: clinical equipoise, trial design and minimally clinically important difference(MCID) for a potential trial. Lastly, a pilot study for an RCT was designed. Results: The pooled RR of VTE was 0.91 (95%CI:0.21 to 4.0;I2:68%) among hospitalized cancer patients receiving thromboprophylaxis compared to placebo. 63.9% believe there is clinical equipoise and 58.3% would consider participating in a RCT comparing different agents/dosing. The MCID for absolute reduction in symptomatic VTE between two arms was 2% and for “acceptable” increase in major bleeding events was 1%. Conclusion: The risk-benefit ratio of current doses of thromboprophylaxis administered to hospitalized cancer patients is unclear and additional RCTs are necessary.

Class of 2008 Abstract / Objectives: 1) To determine if data on weight change in the placebo arm of RCT's for weight loss were available, and 2) to conduct a pilot meta-analysis to estimate the average weight change in the placebo arm. Methods: Four randomized placebo controlled trials of rimonabant for weight loss were retrieved. A draft data extraction form was developed to record weight loss and demographic data. Potential for bias was assessed on design issues related to withdrawals, blinding, allocation procedure, adherence, and manufacturer influence. Based on available data, a forest plot was constructed and heterogeneity was assessed. The a priori alpha level was 0.05. Results: The placebo groups from all studies were similar. The pooled data indicated that individuals in the placebo arm lost an average of 3.3 kg, p < 0.001. One study had a significantly greater completion rate than the other studies. Participants were prescribed a hypocaloric diet and were instructed to increase physical activity but no data were reported on calories consumed or amount of physical activity. Weight loss of 5% ranged from 15-20% of participants. There was potential for bias relating to reported adherence, allocation concealment process, and manufacturer funding. Conclusions: Participants in the placebo arm of rimonabant trials lost an average of 3.3 kg, which was statistically significant. Little can be learned about weight loss in the placebo arm because no data on calories consumed, amount of exercise, or hunger were reported. Information from other RCT's is needed to provide additional data and to confirm the findings.

The current study evaluated the effects of discrete trial training versus the effects of relational training on the acquisition and retention of skills in four children with autism. Using a multiple baseline design across subjects, participants were trained on the skills sequencing from longest to shortest, discriminating full versus empty versus half empty, tacting “you” versus “I,” and responding to reasons why people cry. One of the four participants acquired and retained the skill. Many factors effected the results for the other three participants. Participant 2 never met mastery criteria with relational training procedures. Participant 3 learned PEAK programming four times faster than DTT, however, when using PEAK with the original target, 10 days were required to score all points opposed to the four days DTT required. Participant 4 displayed similar performance results using DTT and PEAK. Implications and limitations will be discussed.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第21705号 / 人健博第71号 / 新制||人健||5(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 市橋 則明, 教授 黒木 裕士, 教授 妻木 範行 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第17819号 / 医博第3817号 / 新制||医||999(附属図書館) / 30634 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 金子 武嗣, 教授 大森 治紀, 教授 福山 秀直 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The Issue of Pre-trial Detention in Criminal Procedure This thesis deals with the topic of the institute of pre-trial Detention. Personal freedom is a fundamental human right, but it is not unlimited. It is the detention that significantly affects this right. Both in the case of legislative process and in the application of legal instruments, it is necessary to insist on the greatest possible emphasis on the rights of persons against whom criminal procedure is being conducted. The thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter describes the general features of detention, especially the concept of detention, the conditions under which detention can be applied and the principles influencing the detention. The second chapter deals with the international and constitutional legal framework of detention. Topics of presumption of innocence and limits of restriction of personal freedom. The third part is devoted to a summary of the historical development of the detention in the Czech lands from the 19th century to the present day. Chapter four is focused on material aspect of law concerning detention. The individual reasons for detention are discussed, as well as the institutes alternative to detention. Special mention is given to electronic control in cases where the detention was replaced by...

Cette thèse traite des procédures de contrôle et de contentieux en droit fiscal marocain dans leur rapport avec les droits de l’homme. Il s’agit d’une analyse des textes fiscaux marocains qui encadrent le contrôle et le contentieux dans leur conformité avec les de l’homme, le tout en essayant de faire le rapprochement entre le traitement jurisprudentiel marocain et celui de la CEDH en la matière. Sans pour autant toucher à l’ensemble des Droits de l’Homme, cette recherche portera sur le droit de propriété et la liberté d’entreprendre telles que garanties par la Déclaration Universelle des Droits de l’Homme et confirmées par la Constitution marocaine. Elle traite aussi du procès fiscal et sa conformité aux garanties du droit au procès équitable notamment le délai raisonnable, le droit au juge, la présomption d’innocence et le droit de garder le silence. La finalité de cette recherche est de pousser le législateur marocain à prendre en considération la garantie de ces droits lors de l’élaboration de la norme fiscale en matière de contrôle et de contentieux. / The present study tackles the procedures pertaining to control and litigation in Moroccan tax law in connection with the economic and social rights. It undertakes an analysis of the Moroccan legislative texts governing the procedures of control and litigation and tax case law in their compliance with the economic and social rights, while also seeking to make some kind of benchmark with the European Court on Human Rights in this regard. This these is also aims at pinpointing infringements of these rights in the process of tax inspection procedures and fiscal proceedings that generally come as the ultimate outcome of a scrutiny process. While not addressing all economic and social rights, the present study will focus on owner ship property rights and economic freedom as guaranteed by the Declaration of the Right of Man and the Citizen, and confirmed by the Moroccan constitution . It also deals with the right to a fair trial, including reasonable time, right of access to the courts, the presumption of innocence and the right to remain silent. This study finally seeks to urge the Moroccan legislator to take into consideration the guaranteeing of these rights in the process of designing tax standards.