published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Ce mémoire a pour but une compréhension globale de ce qu'est l'entraînement de l'esprit à la Société de tai chi taoïste du Canada. Dans le chapitre I, j'ai d'abord décrit certains aspects de la culture de cette organisation et j'ai élaboré quelques concepts qui pourraient être interprétés comme constituant l'entraînement de l'esprit. Ensuite, dans le chapitre II, j'ai approfondi des éléments provenant de mes observations et de mon expérience à la Société, pour faire des parallèles avec des caractéristiques attribuées aux processus de changement en U telles que recensées, entre autres, par Paul Carle (2012). Dans le chapitre III, j'ai décrit les étapes par lesquelles j'ai dû passer pour entrer en relation avec l'organisation en tant que chercheuse. J'ai donc exposé les moments importants dans la mise en place de ma démarche, dont le point culminant a été la diffusion du questionnaire en ligne aux instructeurs. Le chapitre IV expose en détail les réponses reçues et qui m'ont permis de mieux comprendre comment est vécu et perçu ce qu'on appelle l'entraînement de l'esprit à la Société et comment cela pouvait être vécu comme un processus de changement. J'ai aussi témoigné d'une expérience personnelle rappelant un tel processus, suivant une trajectoire en U, et que j'ai vécu dans une situation qui pourrait être interprétée comme l'entraînement de l'esprit à la Société. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Entraînement de l'esprit, courbes en U, la Société de tai chi taoïste du Canada, processus de changement.

In this research work we tried to determine shin flexors and extensors muscles power, body balance and posture changes for the patients diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis, depending of performed work and disease conditions. The purpose Of this research work was to determine the maximum power of shin flexor and extensor muscles and human body balance changes. Aims: To determine shin flexor muscles power, at different degrees of angular velocity. To determine shin extensor muscle power, at different degrees of angular velocity. To compare flexor and extensor muscle power at different degrees of angular velocity. To determine body swing lengths. To determine Tai Chi marital art exercises effectiveness on human body balance. Methods. In this research took part Multiple Sclerosis Society of Kaunas District “OREMUS” patients. Man (n=3), women (n=6). Age average in years 46 ± 6. The applied tests methods were dynamometric, posturographic and physiotherapy. Dinamometry sessions consisted of four series (5, 10, 15, 15 repetitions) performed at 30°/s, 180°/s, 300°/s, 500°/s of angular velocity. A ten seconds rest was allowed between the series. Verbal encouragements was given during every trial. 4 such testing session were done all together. Peak torque, average power and work performed were recorded. During the second test method applied, patients were allowed to stand steady 60s. on the tensoplatform and to step on it from the right and secondarily from the left leg. Body Mass... [to full text]

Tai Chi Chuan is a safe alternative for those who wish to improve balance and physical wellbeing. It is a popular form of exercise that is supported by a growing body of research aimed towards improving the health of a sedentary elderly population. The purpose of this study was to examine the biomechanical features of the lower extremity during performance of two Tai Chi movements, the “Repulse Monkey (RM)” and “Wave-hands in clouds (WHIC).” The study’s parameters included quantitative measures of the temporospatial, kinematic, and kinetic characteristics of the lower extremities. A group of experienced male Tai Chi practitioners (n = 15) between the ages of 65 to 75, performed “Repulse Monkey (RM)”, “Wave-hand in Cloud (WHIC)”, and forward walking. Three-dimensional (3-D) kinematic and kinetic data was collected using VICON motion analysis system with 10 infrared cameras and 4 force plates. The following variables were examined: stride width, step length, step width, single- and double-support times, centre of mass (COM) displacement, peak joint angles, range of motion, peak joint moments, time to peak moment, and ground reaction force (GRF). The differences in the measurements of the two Tai Chi movements were compared with walking using two-way ANOVA. The study’s results showed that the two Tai Chi movements elicit gentle and fluid changes to position of the upper body mass and the joints in the lower extremity. In terms of joint kinematics, the knee remained flexed throughout RM and WHIC. Unlike walking, RM had larger abduction and adduction angles at the knee joints and large plantar- and dorsiflexion ROM at the ankle. Reduced posterior, mediolateral, and vertical GRF were seen; the loading joints at the ankle and hip were gentle and smaller than walking. Varus/valgus moments were notably larger at the knee joint during RM and eversion moment was larger at the ankle joint during WHIC movement. A large, but slow loading rate at the knee joint has implication towards the viscoelastic properties of the knee. A better understanding of RM and WHIC would facilitate the improvement of balance, physical capacity, and joint flexibility for the elders.

The purpose of this thesis is to explore how the approaches identified for the translation of Taiwanese Mandarin dialogues into English subtitles is different from those described in research studies which examined the translation of English film dialogues into Mandarin subtitles using data gathered from a Taiwanese movie entitled Cape No. 7. Taiwanese Mandarin is significantly influenced by the Tai-yu dialect, and in order to carry out the translation of Taiwanese Mandarin, it is important to deal with the functions of the dialect and related culture-specific items (CSIs). Therefore, the researcher of this thesis has investigated whether the translator of Cape No. 7 successfully applied a variety of translation strategies and prioritized the translation criteria well, to enable the target audience to receive the same message of the film as the source audience, especially when subtitling is constrained by time and space. There are two research areas which have been examined: slang and humour. The data analysis of slang scenes included Tai-yu slang and swearing, while humorous scenes were divided into three areas: puns, irony and metaphor. The research data have been analysed by means of analysis diagrams, which were trialled in a pilot study, described in Chapter Three. The pilot study lead to a new categorization based on previous researchers’ taxonomies (Aixelá, 1996; Davies, 2003; Tveit and Fong 2005, as cited in Yang, 2006), and this was applied to the analysis diagrams. According to the findings from the analysis chapters (Chapter Four & Five), the translator of Cape No. 7 preferred to use mostly the paraphrasing strategy in translating Tai-yu slang and humour, and the synonymy strategy in conveying swearing. In addition, the translator often strengthened swear words rather than toning them down in the English subtitles. However, when subtitling humorous scenes, the translator preferred to incorporate two strategies to deal with the cultural barriers when conveying the humorous effect. The compensation strategy was not used often in slang translation. In regard to the translation criteria, pragmatics and accuracy appeared to have been deemed more important by the translator than other criteria. Surprisingly functional equivalence did not seem to have been the translator’s first priority, as suggested by earlier research. Overall, this research study appeared to show that the translator of Cape No. 7 considered the paraphrase strategy to be the most efficient strategy for maintaining CSIs, and that pragmatics and accuracy were the translator’s most important criteria, which differs from the findings of previous research studies.