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Perspective Taking and Self DisclosureAllen, Bruce W. (Bruce Wayne), 1958- 05 1900 (has links)
The effects of taking a third person role on self disclosure, self sympatheticness and several nonverbal parameters of task involvement were examined in a psychotherapy analogue study. Subjects were classified as high or low in ego strength using previously established norms for college students. In the third person role subjects were instructed to describe themselves from the perspective of an "intimate and sympathetic best friend." An encouragement to talk format was used to facilitate self description from the first person. Support was not found for the hypotheses that altering the perspective used in self description would increase self disclosure and that high ego strength subjects would be better able to use a perspective taking intervention. Theoretical and methodological issues are discussed. Recommendations for future research are made.
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A Comparative Study of Children's Intensity of Task-Involvement in a Selected Nursery SchoolRoan, Bi-Sho 08 1900 (has links)
The problem of this study was a comparison of young children's intensity of task—involvement in child—selected activities. A group of 23 children, four to six years of age, was selected as the subjects from a university affiliated child development laboratory school. These children were observed during child-selected activities for five consecutive weeks. The instrument utilized to collect the data was the Intensity Of Involvement Scale, composed of seven categories of intensity from "Unoccupied" to "Complete." To obtain reliable data, two observers were involved in the observation and a carefully planned procedure of observation was followed accurately. The comparison of children's intensity of task-involvement among child-selected activities, using statistical methods of mean and standard deviation, yielded a similar result among various groups of children. The learning centers in which children were involved most intensely were water play, family living, manipulative, and art centers. The children, however, were involved in the reading, block, and writing centers less intensely. In comparing children's intensity of task-involvement between age-groups and sex-groups, the analyses of two-way t-test revealed that age-differences were significant (p<.05) but sex-differences were not significant in children's overall intensity of task-involvement. Also, the results showed that the significance of differences in children's intensity of task-involvement in each child-selected activity depended more upon the age than the sex of children. In addition, individual differences in children's intensity of task-involvement were examined using mean, frequency distribution, and range. The finding was that children differed from one another in their degrees and variability of intensity of task-involvement in child-selected activities.
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Doeloriëntering en selfkonsep in spansport met besondere verwysing na skolerugby / Goal orientation and self-concept in teamsport with special reference to school rugbyStrydom, Lukas Albertus 10 1900 (has links)
Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie navorsing het die verband tussen vroee adolessenterugbyspelers se
doelorientering en selfkonsep, empiries en in die literatuur, ondersoek.
Die literatuurondersoek het getoon dat doelorientering oar twee komponente beskik,
naamlik taakbetrokkenheid en egobetrokkenheid. Taakbetrokke sportdeelnemers
fokus op vaardigheidsontwikkeling en gebruik hulle eie prestasies as maatstaf vir
sukses. Hulle beleef sukses wanneer 'n taak bemeester is, leer plaasvind, of daar 'n
verbetering in die uitvoering van die taak is. Sukses word toegeskryf aan die mate
van inspanning gelewer. Egobetrokke sportdeelnemers fokus op die wenmotief,
gebruik normatiewe vergelyking as maatstaf vir prestasie, en beleef sukses wanneer
hulle eie prestasies gunstig met die van ander kan vergelyk. Sukses word aan
aangebore talent toegeskryf.
Die empiriese ondersoek het bevind dat taakbetrokkenheid positief verband hou met
die globale, persoonlike, en sosiale self. Egobetrokkenheid hou negatief verband met
die fisieke self, en positief verband met kompetisie-angs. / The research investigated, in the literature and empirically, the possible relation
between the goal orientation of male adolescent rugby players and their self-concept.
The literature study indicated that goal orientation has two components, namely task
involvement and ego involvement. In task-involved sport participation, skills
development is emphasized, evaluation of achievement is self-referenced, and
success experienced when learning takes place, a task is mastered, or when there is
improvement in the execution of tasks. Success is attributed to effort. In ego-involved
sport participation objective outcomes are emphasized (i.e. winning), evaluation of
achievement is norm-based, and success experienced when own achievements are
favourably compared to those of other sport participants. Success is attributed to
natural ability.
The empirical study indicated a positive relation between task-involved sport
participation and the global, personal, and social self. A negative relation between
ego-involved sport participation and the physical self, and a positive relation between
ego involvement and competition-anxiety was found. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Spesialisering in Voorligting)
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Doeloriëntering en selfkonsep in spansport met besondere verwysing na skolerugby / Goal orientation and self-concept in teamsport with special reference to school rugbyStrydom, Lukas Albertus 10 1900 (has links)
Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie navorsing het die verband tussen vroee adolessenterugbyspelers se
doelorientering en selfkonsep, empiries en in die literatuur, ondersoek.
Die literatuurondersoek het getoon dat doelorientering oar twee komponente beskik,
naamlik taakbetrokkenheid en egobetrokkenheid. Taakbetrokke sportdeelnemers
fokus op vaardigheidsontwikkeling en gebruik hulle eie prestasies as maatstaf vir
sukses. Hulle beleef sukses wanneer 'n taak bemeester is, leer plaasvind, of daar 'n
verbetering in die uitvoering van die taak is. Sukses word toegeskryf aan die mate
van inspanning gelewer. Egobetrokke sportdeelnemers fokus op die wenmotief,
gebruik normatiewe vergelyking as maatstaf vir prestasie, en beleef sukses wanneer
hulle eie prestasies gunstig met die van ander kan vergelyk. Sukses word aan
aangebore talent toegeskryf.
Die empiriese ondersoek het bevind dat taakbetrokkenheid positief verband hou met
die globale, persoonlike, en sosiale self. Egobetrokkenheid hou negatief verband met
die fisieke self, en positief verband met kompetisie-angs. / The research investigated, in the literature and empirically, the possible relation
between the goal orientation of male adolescent rugby players and their self-concept.
The literature study indicated that goal orientation has two components, namely task
involvement and ego involvement. In task-involved sport participation, skills
development is emphasized, evaluation of achievement is self-referenced, and
success experienced when learning takes place, a task is mastered, or when there is
improvement in the execution of tasks. Success is attributed to effort. In ego-involved
sport participation objective outcomes are emphasized (i.e. winning), evaluation of
achievement is norm-based, and success experienced when own achievements are
favourably compared to those of other sport participants. Success is attributed to
natural ability.
The empirical study indicated a positive relation between task-involved sport
participation and the global, personal, and social self. A negative relation between
ego-involved sport participation and the physical self, and a positive relation between
ego involvement and competition-anxiety was found. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Spesialisering in Voorligting)
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