The purposes of this research study were to determine: (a) how educational technology resources are being used to support student learning and achievement and (b) if secondary school principals credit educational technology with having influenced student achievement gains. The five research questions that guided the study addressed: (a) the educational technology methods and strategies that secondary school principals perceive as effective means to improve student achievement, (b) the extent to which a relationship exists between a school's use of educational technology and student achievement, (c) the difference in student achievement between secondary schools that have technology plans and those that do not, (d) the difference in student achievement between secondary schools that have on-site technology related professional development and technical support and those that do not, and (e) the difference in student achievement between secondary schools in which there is a principal support for technology implementation and those that do not have principal support. Data were collected using a survey instrument that contained 20 questions designed to elicit information that addressed the research questions. The surveys were mailed to the principals of 214 randomly selected secondary schools in three southeastern states: Florida, Georgia, and North Carolina. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and t-tests were used to analyze the data for each independent variable. In addition, data were collected from open-ended questions on the survey instrument. Results indicated that most of the respondents approached technology implementation through a formal planning process. A majority of respondents reported that a school technology plan existed in the form of either a stand-alone document or as part of the school improvement plan. Significant results were obtained indicating that student achievement was higher at schools where a formal technology plan was in place. Although the research revealed that the principal's role was critical to the successful implementation of technology, the results of this study indicated that there was no significant correlation between the principal's participation in technology implementation and student achievement. There was, however, a correlation between technology assets and principal involvement and a correlation between accepted educational technology practices and principal involvement. The implications for policy and procedure drawn from this study were: (a) a written technology plan is essential to successful technology implementation, (b) the technology plan must be continually reinvented to adequately address student achievement goals, (c) principals may wish to consider how to accomplish a general infusion of technology applications that contribute to student achievement.

Throughout the literature, researchers reported on the problems that post-secondary institutions have had with technology (Birchard, 2001; Green, 2003; Starrett & Rogers, 2003;). Given limited budgets and the need to train faculty and staff, many colleges have struggled to find a way to use technology to enhance, not hinder, pedagogy (Cuban, 2001; Oppenheimer, 2003). This study was conducted to examine the impact of the federally mandated change in the television standard to high definition television (HDTV) on Florida's community colleges. Surveys were sent to the chief technology officers of the 28 community colleges in Florida. Additionally, eight interviews were conducted in five of the institutions. From both the qualitative data and the quantitative data, a picture emerged of the institutions and the conversion status. Of the 17 survey respondents, 11 reported no plans for conversion. Of those that did have plans for conversion, few concrete details were reported. Instead, the representatives of the institutions seemed to believe that it was not necessary to make plans for the change to HDTV. Costs represented the major concern of the survey respondents with implementation and training listed as the second and third most important issues. Many participants from the community colleges had some thoughts about HDTV, but these were more on the departmental level rather than college-wide. HDTV was projected to become the television standard in February 2009. The long lead time on this innovation should have provided community colleges with time to plan. As revealed, however, community colleges in Florida failed to plan for change.

This developmental research used components of Rogers\' diffusion of innovations (1962) theory to develop a technology planning framework for school districts in developing countries. The Framework may be used by officials from developing countries in different levels of government to develop a technology plan for their districts and states. The study utilized two types of expert reviewers to evaluate the proposed Framework. The first type was the Diffusion of Innovations theory expert reviewers who were selected to determine if the Framework conforms to the principles of the theory. The second expert reviewers were individuals in different parts of Africa who were selected to establish if the Framework is feasible and practical to the conditions of developing countries. The overall feedback from expert reviewers was positive and suggestions and comments were used to modify the Framework in order to improve it to be an effective technology planning tool. The final product of this study is a step-by-step procedural guide consisting of activities and suggestions that can be used to develop a school district technology plan in a developing country. / Ph. D.

The goal of this project is to design and develop an on-line manual that will serve as a reference tool for teachers, administrators, school board members, parents, and interested community members who have an interst in creating an effective Technology Use Plan.

The aim of this thesis is design of technology project for plastic manufacturing. The theoretical part is focused on the characteristics of plastics and plastics production, especially for injection molding of thermoplastics. In the practical part are presented the calculations needed to choice of the injection molding machines and the capacity calculations to determine consumption of granulate and productivity of injection molding machines. Part of this thesis is a list of optimal machinery, including the required peripherals and handling devices complying with the current requirements of a modern plastic manufacturing. The result of this thesis is an economic evaluation of investment costs of machinery for small and medium-sized plastic manufacturing.

A literatura sobre métodos de mapeamento de tecnologia tem como foco a aplicação em empresas que orientam a inovação para mercados e produtos previamente determinados, adotando a estratégia market pull de integração tecnologia-produto. Organizações de pesquisa, como institutos e laboratórios independentes, também necessitam de métodos similares, entretanto, nelas predomina-se a estratégia technology push, com inovações orientadas por descobertas científicas. Aplicações de métodos de mapeamento para esse tipo de estratégia são pouco analisadas pela literatura. Os métodos atualmente existentes carecem ainda da sistematização na incorporação de parcerias no processo de inovação, conforme tendência ditada pelo paradigma da inovação aberta. Revisões de literatura sustentam as duas afirmativas, evidenciando a lacuna na teoria. Empregou-se uma pesquisa-ação, realizada durante um ano junto a um laboratório de pesquisas, pertencente a um instituto de pesquisa brasileiro com cerca de 40 anos. O resultado da tese se constitui em um método de mapeamento de tecnologia, considerando a adoção de parcerias e específico para a estratégia technology push de integração. Identificado como MTP, o método preenche as lacunas apresentadas. Seus diferenciais são a inicialização a partir de uma idéia ou oportunidade de tecnologia, um processo para escolha de mercados potenciais e uma sistemática para identificação e planejamento de parcerias. O método foi avaliado sobre dois aspectos: o diferencial e ineditismo frente aos métodos propostos na literatura, e em relação à percepção de usuários sobre a sua viabilidade de aplicação na organização estudada. A primeira avaliação foi realizada através de uma revisão bibliográfica final para a comparação teórica do método com similares disponíveis na literatura. A segunda avaliação foi realizada junto a um grupo de onze pesquisadores pertencentes à organização, que responderam a um questionário previamente estruturado com questões sobre a viabilidade de operacionalização do método. Os resultados das análises indicam o caráter inédito do MTP e a possibilidade de aplicação na organização. Sugerem-se aplicações do método em mais organizações no sentido de aprimorá-lo e validá-lo, possibilitando sua ampla utilização por organizações que apresentem uma estratégia technology push de integração tecnologia-produto e adotem parcerias. / The literature about technology roadmapping method presents a focus to enterprises, which has it innovation process oriented to the market and product predetermined, using the market pull strategy to technology-product integration. The research organizations, like institutes and independent laboratory, also need similar methods, however they have predominance to technology push strategy to integration, with their innovation process oriented to the scientific discovery. The application of mapping method to this kind of strategy has little analysis by the literature. The existing methods presents a lack to systematize the partnership at the innovation process, trend dictated by the open innovation paradigm. Literature reviews support these affirmations, evidencing the lack in the theory. The results of reviews were applied in an action research, conducted during one year in a research laboratory, belonging to a Brazilian research institute with nearly 40 year old. The results of this thesis are a method to technology roadmapping, considering the partnership adoption and specific to the technology push strategy. Identified as MTP, the method fills the gaps presented. Is differentials is the starting from an idea or technology opportunity, a process to choose potentials markets and a systematic to identify and plan partnerships. The method was assessing from two aspects: the differential and originality comparing to another methods proposes at the literature, and related to perception of users about is application feasibility at the organization analyzed. The first evaluation was made by a final bibliographic review to theory comparing the MTP with another ones available at literature. The second one was made at a group with eleven researches from the organization, which answered a structured questionnaire previously with questions related the method operation feasibility. The results of these analyses show the unprecedented nature of the MTP and the application possibility at the organization. Application of this method are suggested in most organizations to improve it and validate it among the scientific community, making possible its utilization from organizations which presents a technology push integration strategy and adopt partnerships.

A literatura sobre métodos de mapeamento de tecnologia tem como foco a aplicação em empresas que orientam a inovação para mercados e produtos previamente determinados, adotando a estratégia market pull de integração tecnologia-produto. Organizações de pesquisa, como institutos e laboratórios independentes, também necessitam de métodos similares, entretanto, nelas predomina-se a estratégia technology push, com inovações orientadas por descobertas científicas. Aplicações de métodos de mapeamento para esse tipo de estratégia são pouco analisadas pela literatura. Os métodos atualmente existentes carecem ainda da sistematização na incorporação de parcerias no processo de inovação, conforme tendência ditada pelo paradigma da inovação aberta. Revisões de literatura sustentam as duas afirmativas, evidenciando a lacuna na teoria. Empregou-se uma pesquisa-ação, realizada durante um ano junto a um laboratório de pesquisas, pertencente a um instituto de pesquisa brasileiro com cerca de 40 anos. O resultado da tese se constitui em um método de mapeamento de tecnologia, considerando a adoção de parcerias e específico para a estratégia technology push de integração. Identificado como MTP, o método preenche as lacunas apresentadas. Seus diferenciais são a inicialização a partir de uma idéia ou oportunidade de tecnologia, um processo para escolha de mercados potenciais e uma sistemática para identificação e planejamento de parcerias. O método foi avaliado sobre dois aspectos: o diferencial e ineditismo frente aos métodos propostos na literatura, e em relação à percepção de usuários sobre a sua viabilidade de aplicação na organização estudada. A primeira avaliação foi realizada através de uma revisão bibliográfica final para a comparação teórica do método com similares disponíveis na literatura. A segunda avaliação foi realizada junto a um grupo de onze pesquisadores pertencentes à organização, que responderam a um questionário previamente estruturado com questões sobre a viabilidade de operacionalização do método. Os resultados das análises indicam o caráter inédito do MTP e a possibilidade de aplicação na organização. Sugerem-se aplicações do método em mais organizações no sentido de aprimorá-lo e validá-lo, possibilitando sua ampla utilização por organizações que apresentem uma estratégia technology push de integração tecnologia-produto e adotem parcerias. / The literature about technology roadmapping method presents a focus to enterprises, which has it innovation process oriented to the market and product predetermined, using the market pull strategy to technology-product integration. The research organizations, like institutes and independent laboratory, also need similar methods, however they have predominance to technology push strategy to integration, with their innovation process oriented to the scientific discovery. The application of mapping method to this kind of strategy has little analysis by the literature. The existing methods presents a lack to systematize the partnership at the innovation process, trend dictated by the open innovation paradigm. Literature reviews support these affirmations, evidencing the lack in the theory. The results of reviews were applied in an action research, conducted during one year in a research laboratory, belonging to a Brazilian research institute with nearly 40 year old. The results of this thesis are a method to technology roadmapping, considering the partnership adoption and specific to the technology push strategy. Identified as MTP, the method fills the gaps presented. Is differentials is the starting from an idea or technology opportunity, a process to choose potentials markets and a systematic to identify and plan partnerships. The method was assessing from two aspects: the differential and originality comparing to another methods proposes at the literature, and related to perception of users about is application feasibility at the organization analyzed. The first evaluation was made by a final bibliographic review to theory comparing the MTP with another ones available at literature. The second one was made at a group with eleven researches from the organization, which answered a structured questionnaire previously with questions related the method operation feasibility. The results of these analyses show the unprecedented nature of the MTP and the application possibility at the organization. Application of this method are suggested in most organizations to improve it and validate it among the scientific community, making possible its utilization from organizations which presents a technology push integration strategy and adopt partnerships.

Orientador: Sérgio Luiz Monteiro Salles Filho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T16:52:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bin_Adriana_D.pdf: 1493222 bytes, checksum: d0625bda059d3fcaf1f193734c85426e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A discussão sobre o planejamento e a gestão de organizações públicas de pesquisa constitui o tema central da tese. Motivado pela percepção sobre a importância crescente dos múltiplos objetivos e funções que estas organizações vêm desempenhando no âmbito dos sistemas de pesquisa e de inovação dos quais elas fazem parte, assim como da emergência de padrões cada vez mais colaborativos de execução de atividades de produção do conhecimento, o trabalho visa identificar as especificidades e premissas que devem ser consideradas na execução de seus processos de planejamento e gestão, assim como alguns métodos e instrumentos mais adequados para tal. A Parte I da tese trata do tema de forma mais abrangente, analisando, do ponto de vista conceitual e metodológico, as especificidades e premissas para o planejamento e gestão de atividades de ciência, tecnologia e inovação. Tal análise baseia-se nas particularidades que estas atividades apresentam, assim como na compreensão da evolução histórica relacionada com sua organização e institucionalização. Resulta, por sua vez, na identificação do caráter indeterminado e multi-institucional destas atividades, assim como do perfil profissional diferenciado que as distingue. A Parte II, focada nas organizações públicas de pesquisa, identifica as especificidades da gestão pública e suas implicações, que em conjunto com as especificidades associadas às atividades de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, são importantes para o planejamento e a gestão destas organizações. Os direcionamentos gerais que devem ser buscados pelas organizações de pesquisa na condução de processos abrangentes de planejamento e na constituição de seus modelos de gestão, assim como o potencial de utilização de um conjunto de métodos e instrumentos como suporte para tais direcionamentos são também discutidos nesta parte do trabalho. Uma conclusão fundamental que resulta de toda a discussão é a da interpretação dos esforços de planejamento e gestão a partir da mesma lógica que guia o entendimento sobre as atividades de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, lógica esta baseada em uma perspectiva evolucionária e institucional. Por conseguinte, deriva-se a importância do aprendizado organizacional que abarca a atribuição de significado e valor a estas práticas, de forma a torná-las mais legítimas e resilientes ao longo do tempo / Abstract: The main theme of the thesis is the discussion about planning and managing public research organizations. Based on the increasing perception of the multiple objectives and roles that these organizations are performing in research and innovation systems and on the emergence of more collaborative patterns of knowledge production, this work aims to identify the specificities and premises that have to be considered on the execution of planning and managing processes and also adequate methods and tools to do so. Part I deals with this theme on a more comprehensive way, analyzing, from a conceptual and a methodological point of view, the specificities and premises to plan and manage science, technology and innovation activities. This analysis is based on the particularities of these activities and on the interpretation of the historical evolution of its organization and institutionalization. It results in the identification of the indeterminacy and multiinstitutionality of these activities and also of the professional profile that distinguish them. Parte II, focused on public research organizations, identifies the specificities of public management and their implications, which in addition to the specificities of science, technology and innovation activities, are important to plan and manage these organizations. General directions to guide their comprehensive planning processes and the constitution of their management models and the potential application of some methods and tools that support these directions are also discussed in the work. A fundamental conclusion that results from all the discussion is the interpretation of planning and managing efforts with the same evolutionary and institutional logic that guides the understanding of science, technology and innovation activities. In consequence, it can be derived the importance of organizational learning that encompasses the attribution of significance and value to these practices, turning them into more legitimated and resilient efforts over time / Doutorado / Doutor em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Literature indicates that strategic planning is an effective method for serving as a basis for technology planning. Strategic planning calls for the description of resources needed to support the goals and objectives of the plan. From these descriptions, technology planners may develop a technology plan. This study sought to determine, in Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR) institutions, the extent to which strategic planning served as a guide for technology planning. In a quantitative survey administered online to 150 invited participants, 92 or 61% responded. Results indicated that TBR schools valued the strategic plan as a method of communicating technology needs. Demographic data collected indicated that there were little to no differences among respondents from two or four year schools or between or among respondents holding different job titles with regard to the value of the strategic plan as a technology planning guide. The study invited open-ended comments for each closed-ended question asked. The questions and comments led to the following conclusions. The budget drives the planning process. Plans are made and priorities set. At budget time, money for technology may be cut, but very little change in goals takes place.The planning process or results of the planning process do not permeate to every level in institutions.Chief information officers know more about strategic planning than chief academic officers or deans/directors/coordinators know about the technology planning process.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between technology planning and strategic planning in small private liberal arts colleges and universities that were members of the Appalachian College Association (ACA). The objective of the study was to determine if the technology initiatives were appropriately aligned to the institutional strategic plans. I sought to discover the perceptions of key administrators within the ACA institutions regarding their role in the planning processes at their institutions and to determine if the planning processes were effectively used as a tool for adequately communicating technology needs to their departments. Participants in the study consisted of administrators from institutions who were members of the ACA and served in the capacities of first-level academic, administrative, or information technology administrators (vice president, chief operating officer, etc.) and the second-level administrators who reported to them. Key administrators were selected based on their role as institutional planners for either strategic or technology initiatives. An online survey instrument was used to collect the data. The survey was developed using a framework based on published research identified and outlined in the literature review. The survey consisted of 25 questions that required either a yes or no answer or a 5-point Likert scale answer. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study showed no significant relationship between the positions of administrators or based on the size of the institution measured in FTE enrollment regarding their perception that technology is an integral component of the strategic planning process at their institution. The study also indicated there was no significant relationship between the positions or based on size of the institution measured in FTE enrollment that key administrators were involved in planning for technology within their institution. In addition, the study indicated there was no significant relationship between the positions or based on size of the institution measured in FTE enrollment that institutional budgets were aligned with the process of strategically planning for technology during the strategic planning process.