This thesis analyzes the tenure choice behavior of Turkish household heads over the period between 1985 and 2000, using a method of logit. The probability of owning the housing unit an individual lives in, is modeled by using demographic, labor market, migrational characteristics of the household head and the provincial differences as the explanatory variables. The results show that age and education of the household heads are positively correlated with probability of homeownership and they are the most influential factors determining the tenure choice of Turkish households and the discrepancy in the homeownership rates of the regions. The empirical analysis also displays that internal migrants have lower probabilities than natives and the length of stay matters the most for the tenure choice of internal migrants.

Zugl.: Augsburg, Universiẗat, Diplomarbeit, 2008.

Housing researchers are aware of the lower homeownership rates and other housing problems of single women but there is very little research focusing on single women homeowners or the characteristics of the housing they buy. Also, since a wide body of research can be found that examines determinants of homeownership for various population groups, the importance of this study was in its focus on single women homeowners and the characteristics of their housing rather than the determinants of ownership for this group. Using data from the 1993 American Housing Survey (AHS), the study sample consisted of 639 women homeowners who were either widowed, divorced, separated, or never-married, and who did not own their previous residence. The study's purpose was to construct a profile of single women home- owners that included a description of their demographic and housing characteristics, the means by which they acquired their homes, and the changes made in their housing when they became homeowners. Additionally, this study examined which demographic and previous housing characteristics of this group were related to the housing characteristics of their present homes. Descriptive results from this study suggested that single women homeowners are primarily middle aged without young children at home, earn moderate incomes, and that the largest proportion of them live in the South and metropolitan areas. When compared to homeowners in general, single women homeowners' homes cost less and represented a higher proportion of attached and mobile home units. The results also showed that single women used low-down payment financing instruments to a lesser degree than did all homeowners. Results from statistical analyses suggested that significant relationships exist between single women homeowners' housing characteristics, and a) their demographic characteristics, b) their previous housing characteristics, and c) their reasons for moving and selecting their current homes and neighborhoods. Another key finding was that single women homeowners of varying marital status differed in their present and previous housing characteristics and their reasons for selecting the current home. The results of this study support suggestions made by other researchers that examining differences not only by gender but also by the variations in marital status will help to clarify and add to the knowledge of housing and its relevance to populations of varying social composition. / Ph. D.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of St. Gallen, 2009.

租買選擇對於家戶來說是一件十分重要的家庭決策。當家戶決定購屋時，由於購屋支出是一筆極大的支出，勢必會影響到家戶各方面的支出，如食衣住行育樂等。。另一方面家戶需要多儲蓄以因應未來房屋的支出。 本文根據中國家庭金融調查(CHFS)的資料，將中國的家戶分為三種租買選擇分別為租屋、買屋有貸款、買屋無貸款。首先，我們先估計中國家戶的租買選擇，接著我們利用Heckman二階段模型估計租買選擇對於中國家戶儲蓄的影響。我們發現inverse Mill’s ratio的結果為顯著說明了在估計儲蓄函數是該考慮家戶的租買選擇。另外其他家戶特性的變數也有所變化，這些結果說明了如果不將租買選擇考慮進去 儲蓄行為的估計結果會有偏誤。 / Tenure choice is a very important decision for households. When the household decide to buy a house, it will have a heavily effect on the household’s spending, including food, clothes, transportation, education, and leisure, and so on. On the other hand, household have to save more money to meet housing expenses. Applying a data set from “China Household finance Survey” (CHFS) and separating Chinese households with three types of tenure choice, namely, renters, owner-occupied with loan payment, and owner-occupied without loan payment. First, we estimate the tenure choice of Chinese households. And then we use Heckman two-stage model to estimate how tenure choice affect household saving behavior. We find that the coefficient of inverse Mill’s ratio are significant. And the coefficient of household characters have some different from traditional model. The result show that if we don’t consider the tenure choice of household, the household’s saving behavior we estimate will be biased.

No description available.

由於傳統國人的觀念「安土重遷、購屋保值」，使得一般人都想要擁有自己的房屋，然而房價居高不下，國人大多需仰賴長時間之儲蓄，始有購屋之能力，使得許多人一屋難求，因此，本研究利用79年台北市家戶及住宅普查調查資料，探討家戶住宅租購選擇之影響因素，並瞭解選擇租屋或購屋之對象及其選擇行為，進而估計各類型家戶選擇租屋或購屋之機率。 本研究採用巢式多項羅吉特(Logit)模型分析家戶之住宅租購選擇，及各類型家戶之租購選擇機率，並估計出自有房屋市場與租賃房屋市場間有很高的替代性存在，若忽略租購選擇，則所估計到之住宅需求將會造成誤差，因此，為避免產生錯誤的結果，不應將自有房屋市場與租賃房屋市場分開來討論。 在影響家戶住宅租購選擇之因素方面，所得、住宅價格．利率、家庭因素、預期因素、心理因素等其他因素，皆會影響家戶之選擇行為，而本研究僅就家戶組成來探討住宅之租購選擇。此外，在住宅租購選擇之機率方面，各類型家戶選擇自有房屋之機率均相當高，凸顯台北市高住宅自有率之現象，此種現象正反映傳統國人購屋保值的觀念，房價在高漲的情況下，許多人仍將購屋視為理想目標。

No description available.

<p>This dissertation consists of four self-contained essays.</p><p>Essay I (with Cecilia Enström Öst) investigates whether housing allowance affects recipients’ tenure choice in Sweden. A two-stage conditional maxi-mum likelihood probit (2SCMLP) model is applied in a panel data setting to simultaneously control for individual heterogeneity, state dependence and endogeneity. The empirical study is based on administrative data of housing allowance recipients between the years 1994 and 2002. Our results indicate that the housing allowance positively affects recipients’ homeownership propensity in Sweden. </p><p>Essay II investigates whether the Swedish housing allowance system creates dependence on welfare in recipients. Using longitudinal data from Swedish micro database-LINDA, this paper found that there is no evidence of nega-tive duration dependence among the Swedish housing allowance spells. This finding is consistent across different model specifications and various con-trols of the heterogeneity issue. </p><p>Essay III analyzes the impacts of the 1997 reform of Swedish housing al-lowance system on affected recipients’ exit hazards using the DD (differ-ence-in-difference) estimation strategy. This paper found strong evidence that the 1997 reform positively shifted up the conditional exiting probability of the couple with children recipient group, and the estimated magnitude of impact is sizable.</p><p>Essay IV extends the VECM (Vector Error Correction Cointegration Model) and PT (permanent-transitory) variance decomposition framework proposed by Lettau & Ludvigson (2004) to a situation in which total wealth is disag-gregated into housing wealth and financial wealth. The empirical studies are based on the Swedish aggregate quarterly data spanning from 1980q1 to 2004q4. We found strong statistical evidence that the movements of total consumption expenditures, disposable income, housing wealth and financial wealth are tied together. It is also shown that the movements of housing wealth in Sweden contain a large proportion of transitory component. </p>

This dissertation consists of four self-contained essays. Essay I (with Cecilia Enström Öst) investigates whether housing allowance affects recipients’ tenure choice in Sweden. A two-stage conditional maxi-mum likelihood probit (2SCMLP) model is applied in a panel data setting to simultaneously control for individual heterogeneity, state dependence and endogeneity. The empirical study is based on administrative data of housing allowance recipients between the years 1994 and 2002. Our results indicate that the housing allowance positively affects recipients’ homeownership propensity in Sweden. Essay II investigates whether the Swedish housing allowance system creates dependence on welfare in recipients. Using longitudinal data from Swedish micro database-LINDA, this paper found that there is no evidence of nega-tive duration dependence among the Swedish housing allowance spells. This finding is consistent across different model specifications and various con-trols of the heterogeneity issue. Essay III analyzes the impacts of the 1997 reform of Swedish housing al-lowance system on affected recipients’ exit hazards using the DD (differ-ence-in-difference) estimation strategy. This paper found strong evidence that the 1997 reform positively shifted up the conditional exiting probability of the couple with children recipient group, and the estimated magnitude of impact is sizable. Essay IV extends the VECM (Vector Error Correction Cointegration Model) and PT (permanent-transitory) variance decomposition framework proposed by Lettau &amp; Ludvigson (2004) to a situation in which total wealth is disag-gregated into housing wealth and financial wealth. The empirical studies are based on the Swedish aggregate quarterly data spanning from 1980q1 to 2004q4. We found strong statistical evidence that the movements of total consumption expenditures, disposable income, housing wealth and financial wealth are tied together. It is also shown that the movements of housing wealth in Sweden contain a large proportion of transitory component.