Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-09-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:04:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_mcp_dr_rcla.pdf: 1392530 bytes, checksum: 60474754b5b72127b34bd520736969ad (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A discussão em torno da aglomeração de pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs) e das vantagens que tal conformação pode produzir emerge a partir da proposta de Alfred Marshall, em fins do século XIX e início do XX, com os distritos industriais. Todavia, é o grande sucesso econômico alcançado na região da Terceira Itália que estimula pesquisas e ações práticas (políticas públicas) no sentido da reflexão sobre o papel das PMEs e das possibilidades de criação de estratégias de arranjos produtivos locais (APLs). Nos últimos anos, a despeito de alguns sinais de inflexão do Governo Lula, principalmente no segundo mandato, e de atitudes pontuais de alguns estados, o debate sobre a questão do desenvolvimento territorial, no Brasil, ainda permanece em segundo plano. No paradigma dominante, apesar das fortes tentativas de discussão do desenvolvimento sob a perspectiva territorial, a questão das escalas permanece na dicotomia local-global. Deste modo, as escalas intermediárias, sejam os estados, as regiões e os territórios, estão dispostos ao debate. Prova disso é a tímida discussão acerca dos impactos regionais causados pelo apoio ao desenvolvimento de atividades produtivas aglomeradas de pequenas e médias empresas sem base numa política nacional ou territorial de desenvolvimento. Nesse contexto, os APLs emergem como possibilidades positivas de desenvolvimento e ordenamento territorial, na medida em que são vistos como resultados de dinâmicas endógenas de comunidades capazes de, por meio de sua capacidade de governança, tornar o seu território pertinente, estimulando a criação de projetos de desenvolvimento e integração territorial. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho analisa duas aglomerações produtivas no Paraná, ambas caracterizadas como APLs, quais sejam, o APLs de Malhas, em Imbituva, e o de Cal e Calcário... / The discussion on the agglomeration of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the advantages they can produce conformation emerges from the proposed Alfred Marshall in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with the industrial districts. However, the great economic success is achieved in the region of the Third Italy that stimulates research and practical actions (policies) in the sense of reflection on the role of SMEs and the possibilities of establishing strategies of local productive arrangements (LPAs). In recent years, despite some signs of inflection of the Lula government, especially in the second term, and specific attitudes of some states, the debate on the issue of territorial development in Brazil remains in the background. In the dominant paradigm, despite strong attempts to discuss the development from a territorial perspective, the question remains of scales in the local-global dichotomy. Thus, the intermediate scales, be they states, regions and territories, are willing to debate. Proof of this is tentative discussion about the regional impacts caused by supporting the development of productive activities agglomerated small and medium enterprises with no basis in national policy or territorial development. In this context, clusters emerge as positive possibilities of development and land use, as they are seen as the result of endogenous dynamics of communities which, through its governance capacity, make the relevant territory, encouraging the creation of projects development and territorial integration. In this sense, this paper examines two productive agglomerations in Parana, both characterized as clusters, which are the clusters of meshes in Imbil, and Lime and Limestone in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. The construction of the profile provides insight into how these... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Cette thèse s'attache à analyser les dynamiques suscitées par l'avènement de la décentralisation dans ces territoires. Il s'agit de réfléchir, à travers une analyse croisée des réalités du Congo et du Sénégal. / This thesis seeks to analyze the dynamics generated by the decentralization in Congo and Senegal. Consideration should be given, through a cross analysis of Congo and Senegal facts, on how some politicians are positioned to have control of their territory.

Cette thèse s'attache à analyser les dynamiques suscitées par l'avènement de la décentralisation dans ces territoires. Il s'agit de réfléchir, à travers une analyse croisée des réalités du Congo et du Sénégal. / This thesis seeks to analyze the dynamics generated by the decentralization in Congo and Senegal. Consideration should be given, through a cross analysis of Congo and Senegal facts, on how some politicians are positioned to have control of their territory.

Cette thèse s'attache à analyser les dynamiques suscitées par l'avènement de la décentralisation dans ces territoires. Il s'agit de réfléchir, à travers une analyse croisée des réalités du Congo et du Sénégal. / This thesis seeks to analyze the dynamics generated by the decentralization in Congo and Senegal. Consideration should be given, through a cross analysis of Congo and Senegal facts, on how some politicians are positioned to have control of their territory.

Cette thèse a comme ambition d'expliquer les rapports complexes qui existent entre la valorisation touristique du patrimoine et le développement territorial et de déterminer les conditions dans lesquelles le tourisme peut être un vecteur de développement territorial dans deux régions en Algérie : l'une en Kabylie (Béjaïa) où le tourisme est peu développé malgré la présence d'un potentiel patrimonial important, l'autre, dans le Tassili n'Ajjer (Djanet) où le tourisme connaît un début de développement prometteur. Plus précisément, à travers l'articulation entre patrimoine, tourisme et développement territorial, nous avons étudié la question de savoir comment la valorisation touristique des ressources patrimoniales des régions de Béjaïa et de Djanet a été conçue et mise en œuvre et quelle dynamique territoriale en a découlé sur chacun de ces deux territoires. Les résultats de ce travail ont montré, dans le cas de Béjaïa, un processus de valorisation touristique du patrimoine qui a mobilisé des ressources génériques et limitées. Il préfigure une zone de développement touristique avec encore peu de rapports avec le territoire : valorisation de ressources génériques, un entrepreneuriat local certes porteur de projets, mais sans ressources spécifiques, mobilisation très limitée de la socioculturelle locale dans l'activité touristique… Dans le cas de Djanet, ce processus a permis la mise en œuvre à une échelle de moins en moins négligeable d'un développement territorial. Ce développement se manifeste à travers la mobilisation de ressources spécifiques et la création de ressources territoriales, l'affirmation de la population locale (Touaregs) en tant qu'acteurs du développement, la dynamique d'apprentissage locale, la régulation de l'activité touristique, les proximités géographique, organisationnelle et institutionnelle dont jouissent les entreprises touristiques locales, l'ouverture sur l'international… / The thesis has the ambition to explain the complex relationships between the tourist development of the heritage and the territorial development and to determine the conditions in which tourism can be a vector of territorial development in two regions in Algeria, one in Kabylie where tourism is under developed despite the existence of an important heritage potential, the other in Tassili n'Ajjer where tourism is at the beginning of a promising development. More precisely, through the relation between heritage, tourism and territorial development, we have studied the question to know how the tourist development of the heritage resources of Bejaïa and Djanet has been designed and implemented and what territorial dynamic has resulted on each of these two territories. The results of this work have shown, in the case of Bejaïa, a process of tourist development heritage which has mobilized generic and limited resources. It prefigures an area of tourist development with few relations with the land: development of generic resources, local entrepreneurship with potential projects, but without specific resources, very limited mobilization of the local socio-cultural in tourism…In the case of Djanet, this process has allowed the implementation at a less and less significant scale of a territorial development. This development occurs through the mobilization of specific resources and the creation of territorial resources, the affirmation of the local population as development actors, the dynamic of local learning, the regulation of the tourist activity, the geographical, organizational and institutional proximities held by the tourist local companies, the opening on the international…

Orientador: Elson Luciano Silva Pires / Banca: Silvia Selingardi Sampaio / Banca: Eliseu Saverio Sposito / Banca: Olga Lúcia Castreghini de Freitas Firkowski / Banca: João Eduardo de Morais Pinto Furtado / Resumo: A discussão em torno da aglomeração de pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs) e das vantagens que tal conformação pode produzir emerge a partir da proposta de Alfred Marshall, em fins do século XIX e início do XX, com os distritos industriais. Todavia, é o grande sucesso econômico alcançado na região da Terceira Itália que estimula pesquisas e ações práticas (políticas públicas) no sentido da reflexão sobre o papel das PMEs e das possibilidades de criação de estratégias de arranjos produtivos locais (APLs). Nos últimos anos, a despeito de alguns sinais de inflexão do Governo Lula, principalmente no segundo mandato, e de atitudes pontuais de alguns estados, o debate sobre a questão do desenvolvimento territorial, no Brasil, ainda permanece em segundo plano. No paradigma dominante, apesar das fortes tentativas de discussão do desenvolvimento sob a perspectiva territorial, a questão das escalas permanece na dicotomia local-global. Deste modo, as escalas intermediárias, sejam os estados, as regiões e os territórios, estão dispostos ao debate. Prova disso é a tímida discussão acerca dos impactos regionais causados pelo apoio ao desenvolvimento de atividades produtivas aglomeradas de pequenas e médias empresas sem base numa política nacional ou territorial de desenvolvimento. Nesse contexto, os APLs emergem como possibilidades positivas de desenvolvimento e ordenamento territorial, na medida em que são vistos como resultados de dinâmicas endógenas de comunidades capazes de, por meio de sua capacidade de governança, tornar o seu território pertinente, estimulando a criação de projetos de desenvolvimento e integração territorial. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho analisa duas aglomerações produtivas no Paraná, ambas caracterizadas como APLs, quais sejam, o APLs de Malhas, em Imbituva, e o de Cal e Calcário... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The discussion on the agglomeration of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the advantages they can produce conformation emerges from the proposed Alfred Marshall in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with the industrial districts. However, the great economic success is achieved in the region of the Third Italy that stimulates research and practical actions (policies) in the sense of reflection on the role of SMEs and the possibilities of establishing strategies of local productive arrangements (LPAs). In recent years, despite some signs of inflection of the Lula government, especially in the second term, and specific attitudes of some states, the debate on the issue of territorial development in Brazil remains in the background. In the dominant paradigm, despite strong attempts to discuss the development from a territorial perspective, the question remains of scales in the local-global dichotomy. Thus, the intermediate scales, be they states, regions and territories, are willing to debate. Proof of this is tentative discussion about the regional impacts caused by supporting the development of productive activities agglomerated small and medium enterprises with no basis in national policy or territorial development. In this context, clusters emerge as positive possibilities of development and land use, as they are seen as the result of endogenous dynamics of communities which, through its governance capacity, make the relevant territory, encouraging the creation of projects development and territorial integration. In this sense, this paper examines two productive agglomerations in Parana, both characterized as clusters, which are the clusters of meshes in Imbil, and Lime and Limestone in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. The construction of the profile provides insight into how these... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Thesis title: territorial development contracts The topic of this diploma thesis is territorial development contracts. This term includes contracts for planning and assessment of the owners of the public transport and technical infrastructure resulting from Building Act and contracts not regulated by the law, concluded as so-called innominate contracts according to Civil Code, which are referred to as "cooperation agreement with person interested (investor) in construction". The essence of these contracts is the effort to adjust the financial participation of the person interested in the realization of the building project in the municipality on the costs incurred by the municipality caused by construction. In particular, it is mostly about compensation of the funds that the municipality must spend to ensure its functioning as a result of the increase in population and their entitlements. The beginning of thesis is dedicated to the definition of basic concepts and subjects. Furthermore, it outlines the reasons and general basis leading to the conclusion of territorial development contracts. Following is a closer analysis of contracts under the Building Act, on which the idea of the responsibility of the person interested in the construction of the costs associated with the construction is based. In...

Esta tese avalia o ordenamento territorial urbano no planejamento da metrópole do Rio de Janeiro e de sua região de influência. O ordenamento territorial implica estabelecer conexões complexas e por vezes inusitadas. Envolto em numerosos conflitos políticos, o ordenamento territorial urbano carioca conjuga o impasse entre as expectativas da sociedade quanto ao acesso aos bens e serviços urbanos e o anacronismo dos instrumentos jurídicos, administrativos e normativos. A cidade do Rio de Janeiro, outrora capital federal (1834 a 1960), Estado da Guanabara (1960 a 1975) e, atualmente, capital do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (a partir de 1975), adquiriu numerosas peculiaridades no ordenamento de seu território. As dificuldades em estabelecer uma estrutura de planejamento urbano e regional, assim como as intervenções localizadas de elevado custo resultaram num espaço bastante segmentado e suscetível aos conflitos sociais e territoriais impeditivos para políticas públicas integradas em toda região metropolitana. A estruturação do espaço urbano carioca caracterizou-se por intensos conflitos oriundos da complexa estrutura interna de poderes sobrepostos; um conjunto de legislações urbanísticas excludentes, ineficazes no que se refere à justiça social; a intensa presença do governo federal em políticas locais; ineficiente estrutura organizativa e administrativa dos órgãos de planejamento do governo; distanciamento dos planos e programas da realidade dinâmica das relações sociais estabelecidas e principalmente pela descontinuidade das ações e políticas urbanas. Há que se considerar que hoje o ordenamento territorial deixou de ser apenas uma incumbência de um único representante político o intervir sobre o território. De modo conflituoso a proposta do ordenamento territorial vem se tornando um tema político importante ao se confrontar com o quadro de crise que se estabeleceu entre as formas e sistemas de governos centralizadores, nacionalistas e autoritários. O ordenamento territorial impõe reformas governamentais diante de uma realidade de novas repartições de poderes sobre o território, dos desafios lançados às administrações públicas e das mudanças do papel do governo no mundo de relações globalizadas / This thesis evaluates the urban land use in planning of the metropolis of Rio de Janeiro and its region of influence. Evaluating the spatial planning in Rio de Janeiro implies establish complex and unusual bonds. Wrapped in many political conflits, the spatial planning in the state combines the impasse between the society expectations regarding the acess to the urban goods and services and the anacronism of the legal, administrative and regulatory requirements. The city of Rio de Janeiro, once federal capital (1834 to 1960), State of Guanabara (1960 to 1975) and currently capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro (from 1975 to nowadays), acquired many singularities in spatial planning. The difficulties of establishing a structure of urban and territorial planning and the located interventions of high cost resulted in a highly segmented space and susceptible to social and territorial conflits, liable to affect integrated public policies across the whole metropolitan area. The structuring of carioca urban space was featured by a deep conflicts caused by the complex internal structure of overlapping powers; a set of ineffective and exclusionary urban legislation when it comes to social justice; strong presence of the federal government in local policies; inefficient organizational and administrative structure organs of government planning; detachment of plans and remoteness of plans and programs of the dynamic reality of social relations and especially by the discontinuity of urban policies and actions. There has to be considered that today, the land use is no longer just a task of a single political representative to speak on the territory. So the proposal of the spatial planning, in a conflicting way, is becoming an important political issue against the crisis situation that has developed between the forms and systems of centralized, nationalist and authoritarian government. The spatial planning imposes government reforms against a reality of new public offices and new challenges over the territory, of challenges posed to public administrations and to the changes of the government´s role on the world of global relationships.

Les problèmes environnementaux sont aujourd’hui au cœur des débats sur le développement. Le concept de développement durable trouve ses origines dans la démonstration faite de la nécessité pour les sociétés de minimiser la pression de l’impact de l’activité humaine sur les ressources naturelles. Le rapport de Brundtland en 1987 et l’Agenda 21 en 1992 affirment la nécessité de prendre en compte les autres dimensions du développement que la seule dimension économique dans la recherche d’un développement soutenable. Ces évolutions légitiment le développement de pistes de travail pour la prise en compte conjointe de questions environnementales et sociales dans les politiques de développement. Depuis la médiatisation de la notion de services écosystémiques par le Millenium Ecosystem Assessment en 2005, les services écosystémiques (SE) ont commencé à occuper une place importante comme cadre d’orientation pour résoudre des questions de développement et d’aménagement à l’échelle territoriale. Par ailleurs, de nombreuses recherches sur le rôle des ressources locales dans le développement économique des territoires (Bernard Pecqueur, Amédée Mollard et leurs équipes) ont conduit au développement d’un modèle de développement territorial original fondé sur l’activation de ressources spécifiques par les acteurs locaux et sur le développement du concept de panier de biens et services. Ce travail de recherche a pour objectif de développer un cadre de recherche opérationnel fondé sur les services écosystémiques afin de faciliter un développement territorial durable. Ainsi en proposant un nouveau concept, le panier de services écosystémiques (SE), nous faisons l’hypothèse qu’un cadre de recherche territorial fondé sur le panier de SE peut faciliter l’inventaire des ressources physiques, écologiques et culturelles issues des écosystèmes d’un territoire et encourager les acteurs du territoire à la mise en place de pratiques durables dans les processus de valorisation des ressources, à partir d’une identité collective construite autour des services concernés et des activités qui en sont issues. Pour confirmer cette hypothèse, le travail de recherche définit la notion de panier de SE et montre la pertinence de développer une approche d’évaluation non-monétaire à partir d’indicateurs multicritères et de perceptions pour mieux caractériser les potentialités de valorisation de paniers de SE agricoles pour un ensemble de produits emblématiques et leur contribution à la dimension environnementale d’un territoire. Ce cadre méthodologique a été appliqué à un cas d’étude en Turquie, le territoire de la Péninsule de Karaburun, située dans la Région d’Egée à une centaine de kilomètre d’Izmir. Cette étude de cas a permis d’identifier les perspectives de développement territorial et les politiques d’accompagnement à mettre en œuvre pour la valorisation des paniers de SE de Karaburun qui contribuent à la durabilité du territoire. / Today environmental issues are at the heart of development debates. At the origin of the introduction of the sustainable development concept in the Brundtland Report in 1987, there has been the need of taking other dimensions of development into account rather than the economic dimension in order to minimize the impact of the human activity on resources.The development experiences of certain territories have been at the center of the territorial development approach, particularly the French territories which constitute important cases for the basket of goods and services approach of the Grenoble model developed by Bernard Pecqueur and Amédée Mollard. Moreover, ecosystem services began to have an important place as a framework of land planning and territorial development since the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment in 2005. From a territorial approach perspective, ecosystem services (ES) can allow can allow one to take into account environmental issues and enrich development perspectives based on different dimensions of sustainability.The aim of this PhD research is to develop a research framework based on ecosystem services for a sustainable territorial development. Thus, by proposing a new concept, the notion of ES basket, we hypothesize that the basket of ecosystem services framework can facilitate the inventory of physical, ecological and cultural resources derived from the ecosystems of a territory and encourage the actors of the territory to adopt sustainable practices in the valorization process of resources, creating a collective identity around the services. To confirm this hypothesis, we first define the notion of SE basket and then show the relevance of developing a non-monetary methodological framework based on multicriteria indicators and perceptions. This methodological framework has been applied to a case study in Turkey, the territory of the Karaburun Peninsula, located in the Aegean Region about a hundred kilometers from Izmir. This case study made it possible to identify the prospects for territorial development and the policy of support for the sustainable valorization of Karaburun ES baskets. It also allowed identifying some methodological, financial and institutional limitations that must be taken into account in future work to improve the research framework.

Esta tese é resultado de pesquisa que teve o objetivo de compreender o processo de desenvolvimento do Território Bico do Papagaio, no estado do Tocantins (TBP-TO), com base na implantação de projetos PROINFs, vinculados aos Programas PRONAT e PTC, visando explicitar efeitos, avanços e limites das políticas públicas territoriais em regiões com baixos índices de desenvolvimento. Nesta pesquisa utilizou-se de múltiplas estratégias para a coleta e análise de dados, seguindo os princípios e técnicas da triangulação, que constitui uma das formas de combinar métodos qualitativos entre si e de articular métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Foi realizada, por meio de estudo de caso, em sete projetos implantados no TBP-TO. Uma questão importante, do ponto de vista metodológico, foi a oportunidade de fazer uma imersão no contexto investigado, observando e participando diretamente com os atores envolvidos na implantação e execução dos projetos PROINFs no referido território. Lançou-se mão de informações obtidas por observações, entrevistas, participação em reuniões, seminários, conversa com diferentes atores territoriais, moradores e membros do colegiado, gestores e beneficiários destes projetos. Os resultados levaram a uma compreensão das diferentes dimensões do desenvolvimento territorial e seus efeitos na vida dos beneficiários e na região. Os indicadores de desenvolvimento territorial, do ponto de vista econômico, foram avaliados entre ruins e críticos, dando a entender que a operacionalização da política territorial no TBP-TO reflete a própria história das relações de poder e dominação já existentes. Por outro lado, do ponto de vista social, foi observado o empoderamento da sociedade civil, especialmente nos casos das duas Escolas Família Agrícola (EFAs). Nesse sentido, esta tese contribuiu, não só para entender as dimensões do desenvolvimento territorial, seus desafios e possibilidades, mas para demonstrar que se não houver maior diálogo entre poder público (nas esferas municipal, estadual e federal), sociedade civil e os beneficiários dos projetos, o desenvolvimento territorial pode ficar comprometido. Diante dos resultados da pesquisa conclui-se que, nesse momento de retrocesso da política de desenvolvimento territorial, é necessário repensá-la, especialmente em relação ao exercício do poder e à autonomia dos Colegiados Territoriais. A organização dos colegiados territoriais e a união de seus membros em torno de objetivos comuns podem ser consideradas o motor propulsor da consolidação das EFAs, possibilitando a educação profissional de seus jovens. Esta organização é o maior indicador de desenvolvimento, na dimensão social, observado na pesquisa. / This thesis is the result of research that aims to understand the development process of the Parrot´s Beak Territory in the State of Tocantins (PBT-TO), based on the implantation of PROINFs projects, linked to PRONAT and PTC programs with the goal of clarifying effects, advances and limits of territorial public policies in regions with low levels of development. In this research, it was used multiple strategies for data collection and analysis, following the principles and techniques of triangulation, which is one of the ways to combine qualitative methods among themselves and to articulate quantitative and qualitative methods. The research was done through the case study in seven projects implanted in PBT-TO. An important thing, from the methodological point of view, was the opportunity to do an immersion in the context investigated by observing and participating directly with the actors involved in the implementation and execution of the projects PROINFs, in that territory. It was used the information obtained by observations, interviews, participation in meetings, seminars, talking with different territorial actors, residents and members of the board, managers and beneficiaries of these projects. The results led to an understanding of the different dimensions of territorial development and its effects on the lives of beneficiaries and in the region. The indicators of territorial development, from an economic point of view, were evaluated between bad and critical, implying that the operationalization of territorial policy in the PBT-TO reflect the history of the relationships of power and domination that exists. On the other hand, from the social point of view, it was observed the empowerment of civil society, especially in the cases of the Escolas Família Agrícola (EFAs). In this sense, this thesis has contributed not only to understand the dimensions of territorial development, its challenges and opportunities, but to demonstrate that if there is no greater dialogue between public authorities (in all spheres: Municipal, State and Federal), civil society and the beneficiaries of the projects, the territorial development may be compromised. On the research results it is concluded that, in this moment of backsliding of territorial development policy, it is necessary to rethink it, especially in relation to the exercise of power and the autonomy of Territorial governance bodies. The Organization of territorial governance bodies and the Union of its members around common goals, can be considered the impeller motor on consolidation of EFAs enabling professional education of their young. This organization is the greatest indicator of development in the social dimension, observed in the survey.