Claudius Ptolemy composed his Geography in the city of Alexandria, one of the most prominent intellectual centres of the Roman Empire. His work offers a comprehensive description of the known world as well as insight into the practice of scholarly geography during the second century CE. Ptolemy’s most important innovation in this field was his use of geographical coordinates to create maps of the world, and his catalogue, with its latitudes and longitudes of thousands of localities, is one of our most valuable sources on the antique oikoumenē. Very little is known, however, about the sources and working methods that Ptolemy employed to produce his Geography. This book focuses on Ptolemy’s description of the Iberian peninsula and examines two problematic and interlinked topics relating to the origins of the catalogue of localities: Ptolemy’s sources and scientific methods on the one hand, and the textual transmission of the Geography, from Ptolemy to the extant manuscripts, on the other.

Esta tese tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo interdisciplinar da obra Historia da prouincia Sãcta Cruz a que vulgarmete chamamos Brasil, de Pero de Magalhães de Gândavo, publicada em 1576, e os manuscritos que a antecederam: Tractado da prouinçia do Brasil, Tractado da terra do Brasil e Historia da prouincia Sancta Cruz, a que vulgarmente chamamos Brasil. A referida obra trata de aspectos diversos da nova província: fauna, flora, capitanias, riquezas naturais, habitantes, entre outros, sendo selecionados como recorte para amostragem analítica, os capítulos comuns relacionados aos nativos. Sob os fundamentos da Filologia, estudamos a tradição textual, analisamos as dedicatórias e editamos semidiplomaticamente o recorte. Para a discussão da tradição textual, consultamos, além de bibliografia específica, as versões tomadas como corpus, algumas edições das versões e contatamos bibliotecas do Brasil (edição príncipe) e da Europa (versões manuscritas). Fundamentados nos estudos do léxico, elaboramos um Índice de frequência e ocorrência dos substantivos empregados no recorte e categorizamos setenta e uma lexias em seis campos léxicos, de modo a compreender o processo de nomeação do nativo, implementado pelo não nativo. Inventariamos as lexias utilizando o programa de estatística textual Léxico 3; e analisamos os semas das lexias utilizando obras lexicográficas coetâneas e não coetâneas de Gândavo. Tomando conceitos da análise de discurso, analisamos a cena enunciativa do corpus e comparamos o emprego das lexias de um dos campos léxicos nas quatro versões. Entre os resultados atingidos, destacamos: houve diversidade lexical junto ao tratamento sobre o nativo; os campos léxicos indicaram a construção de imagens descaracterizadoras do nativo; o locutor autoapresenta seu texto como História, mas mostra as cenografias de tratados e narração oral de casos; o processo de nomeação não se restringe ao âmbito linguístico, mas também ao discursivo; as dedicatórias e a frequência de lexias em campo léxico puderam indicar marcas autorais. / This thesis aims to present an interdisciplinary study of the work Historia da prouincia Sãcta Cruz a que vulgarmete chamamos Brazil, by Pero de Magalhães de Gândavo, published in 1576, and the manuscripts that came before it: Tractado da prouinçia do Brasil, Tractado da terra do Brasil and Historia da prouincia Sancta Cruz, a que vulgarmente chamamos Brasil. This work deals with various aspects of the new province: fauna, flora, captaincies, natural resources, inhabitants, among others, being selected for analytical sampling, the common chapters about the natives. Under the fundamentals of Philology, we studied the textual tradition, analyzed the dedications and edited semidiplomatically the selected parts. To discuss the textual tradition, we consulted, in addition to the specific bibliography, the versions taken as corpus, some editions of the versions and contacted libraries in Brazil (prince edition) and Europe (manuscript versions). Based on studies of the lexicon, we developed an index of frequency and occurrence of nouns employed in the selected parts and categorized seventy-one lexias in six lexical fields, in order to understand the process of naming the native implemented by the non-native. We inventoried the lexias using the textual statistical program \"Lexicon 3\"; and analyzed the semes of the lexias using Gândavos coeval and not coeval lexicographical works. Based on discourse analysis concepts, we analyzed the enunciative scene of the corpus and compared the use of lexias of one of the lexical fields in the four versions. Among the results achieved, we include the following: there was a lexical diversity on the treatment of the native; the lexical fields indicated the construction of natives mischaracterizing images; the enunciator presents his text as History, but \"shows\" the scenographies as treaties and oral narration of stories; the nomination process is not restricted to linguistic, but also to discursive scope; the dedications and the frequency of lexias in lexical field could indicate authorship marks.

Esta tese tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo interdisciplinar da obra Historia da prouincia Sãcta Cruz a que vulgarmete chamamos Brasil, de Pero de Magalhães de Gândavo, publicada em 1576, e os manuscritos que a antecederam: Tractado da prouinçia do Brasil, Tractado da terra do Brasil e Historia da prouincia Sancta Cruz, a que vulgarmente chamamos Brasil. A referida obra trata de aspectos diversos da nova província: fauna, flora, capitanias, riquezas naturais, habitantes, entre outros, sendo selecionados como recorte para amostragem analítica, os capítulos comuns relacionados aos nativos. Sob os fundamentos da Filologia, estudamos a tradição textual, analisamos as dedicatórias e editamos semidiplomaticamente o recorte. Para a discussão da tradição textual, consultamos, além de bibliografia específica, as versões tomadas como corpus, algumas edições das versões e contatamos bibliotecas do Brasil (edição príncipe) e da Europa (versões manuscritas). Fundamentados nos estudos do léxico, elaboramos um Índice de frequência e ocorrência dos substantivos empregados no recorte e categorizamos setenta e uma lexias em seis campos léxicos, de modo a compreender o processo de nomeação do nativo, implementado pelo não nativo. Inventariamos as lexias utilizando o programa de estatística textual Léxico 3; e analisamos os semas das lexias utilizando obras lexicográficas coetâneas e não coetâneas de Gândavo. Tomando conceitos da análise de discurso, analisamos a cena enunciativa do corpus e comparamos o emprego das lexias de um dos campos léxicos nas quatro versões. Entre os resultados atingidos, destacamos: houve diversidade lexical junto ao tratamento sobre o nativo; os campos léxicos indicaram a construção de imagens descaracterizadoras do nativo; o locutor autoapresenta seu texto como História, mas mostra as cenografias de tratados e narração oral de casos; o processo de nomeação não se restringe ao âmbito linguístico, mas também ao discursivo; as dedicatórias e a frequência de lexias em campo léxico puderam indicar marcas autorais. / This thesis aims to present an interdisciplinary study of the work Historia da prouincia Sãcta Cruz a que vulgarmete chamamos Brazil, by Pero de Magalhães de Gândavo, published in 1576, and the manuscripts that came before it: Tractado da prouinçia do Brasil, Tractado da terra do Brasil and Historia da prouincia Sancta Cruz, a que vulgarmente chamamos Brasil. This work deals with various aspects of the new province: fauna, flora, captaincies, natural resources, inhabitants, among others, being selected for analytical sampling, the common chapters about the natives. Under the fundamentals of Philology, we studied the textual tradition, analyzed the dedications and edited semidiplomatically the selected parts. To discuss the textual tradition, we consulted, in addition to the specific bibliography, the versions taken as corpus, some editions of the versions and contacted libraries in Brazil (prince edition) and Europe (manuscript versions). Based on studies of the lexicon, we developed an index of frequency and occurrence of nouns employed in the selected parts and categorized seventy-one lexias in six lexical fields, in order to understand the process of naming the native implemented by the non-native. We inventoried the lexias using the textual statistical program \"Lexicon 3\"; and analyzed the semes of the lexias using Gândavos coeval and not coeval lexicographical works. Based on discourse analysis concepts, we analyzed the enunciative scene of the corpus and compared the use of lexias of one of the lexical fields in the four versions. Among the results achieved, we include the following: there was a lexical diversity on the treatment of the native; the lexical fields indicated the construction of natives mischaracterizing images; the enunciator presents his text as History, but \"shows\" the scenographies as treaties and oral narration of stories; the nomination process is not restricted to linguistic, but also to discursive scope; the dedications and the frequency of lexias in lexical field could indicate authorship marks.

The thesis provides comprehensive information about the Old Czech translation of the chronicle Martimiani. In accordance with the stated goals, it interprets it in the context of the original texts, in the context of Old Czech variant texts, as a document of language development and in the literary-cultural and historical context. Above all, it characterizes the preserved Old Czech sources of the chronicle, clarify the genesis of the Old Czech translation, determines its place in contemporary writing, defines its influence on the development of Czech literature and the language and tries to understand and justify its changing popularity. The theses presents a brief codicological description of manuscripts and the incunabulum, a description of the orthography of particular manuscripts and the incunabulum, a description of language in all plans (from phonic through morphological to syntactic), with particular attention to the developmental dynamics of the language, both within one source and in the comparison between source texts. Based on the comparison of Old Czech sources with each other and with foreign language pretexts, it describes relations between particular sources and outlines the likely form of the text tradition of the monument. It summarizes and disseminates information about the Old...

Dans la floraison d’écrits monastiques produits au IVe siècle, les Ascetica attribués à Basile de Césarée ont tenu une place particulière, qui est bien connue. Pourtant, la formation du corpus asceticum, le processus d’éditions multiples dont il a été l’objet, mais aussi les options doctrinales qu’il diffuse n’ont pas été éclaircis de façon satisfaisante. Sur la base d’éléments textuels jusqu’ici négligés, le présent travail se propose de réécrire l’histoire du texte et d’interroger la paternité basilienne de la collection. Il existe, en effet, depuis le Ve siècle au moins et jusqu’à l’époque moderne, un courant minoritaire qui doute de l’opportunité d’attribuer le « livre ascétique » au grand Basile et préfère lui donner pour auteur un autre évêque du IVe siècle, Eustathe de Sébaste, moins estimé de la tradition ecclésiastique. Si le doute sur la paternité basilienne des Ascetica est permis, alors il convient de réévaluer la place de Basile de Césarée dans l’histoire littéraire du mouvement monastique. C’est ce que nous nous proposons de faire dans cet ouvrage, en relisant de près des pièces littéraires qui, jusqu’à présent, n’étaient présentées que comme des « annexes » au dossier des Ascetica. / The Ascetica transmitted under the name of Basil of Caesarea have a special importance among the numerous monastic writings which emerged in the 4th century. If this point is very well-known, the gathering of the corpus asceticum, the multiple antique editions of the collection, and the doctrinal options which are found in this sum have not been really enlightened. On the basis of neglected textual and paleographic evidence, the present work aims at rewriting the history of the text and questioning the basilian paternity of the collection. From the 5th century to the Modern Times, some readers refused the attribution of the Ascetica to Basil the Great and preferred to ascribe them to another (but problematic) bishop of the 4th century: Eustathius of Sebasteia. If there are good reasons to reject the basilian paternity of the collection, it is necessary to reevaluate the role played by Basil of Caesarea in the literary history of the monastic movement. In the present volume, I try to re-read some literary texts which, until now, were just regarded as appendices to the dossier of the Ascetica.

From the end of the 19th century, the Old Czech apocryphal story of Joseph (son of Jacob), called Life of Joseph, has not been in the center of the scholars' and editors' attention, and therefore many pivotal philological questions concerning this Old Czech composition have not been satisfactory solved yet. This thesis offers a comprehensive analysis of the Old Czech Life of Joseph in terms of textual criticism and literary history and attempts to bring answers to the main problems of its contextualization. The six extant medieval manuscripts of the Life of Joseph, representing the inherent part of the thesis, are provided with critical edition. The Old Czech Life of Joseph is a late medieval work of an anonymous author and should be dated to the second half or to the end of the 14th century. It is based on a Latin model, namely Historia Ioseph, which was composed in the year 1336 by the Spanish Dominican Alfonso Buenhombre (Alphonsus Bonihominis). The Czech Life of Joseph is the unique vernacular translation of Alfonso's Latin text. This Latin text has not been broadly disseminated. I am aware of the existence of 14 manuscripts, six of which originated in Bohemia and represent the specific Bohemian manuscript branch. The Czech translation is admittedly based on the Latin text related closely to...