Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Estudos Avançados Multidisciplinares, Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento, Sociedade e Cooperação Internacional, 2017. / Submitted by Raquel Almeida (raquel.df13@gmail.com) on 2017-07-20T16:38:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_MariadoCarmoReboucasdaCruzFerreiradosSantos.pdf: 2708851 bytes, checksum: fcb7fe5bff127077081a2a910d7ffc98 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2017-09-12T16:36:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_MariadoCarmoReboucasdaCruzFerreiradosSantos.pdf: 2708851 bytes, checksum: fcb7fe5bff127077081a2a910d7ffc98 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-12T16:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_MariadoCarmoReboucasdaCruzFerreiradosSantos.pdf: 2708851 bytes, checksum: fcb7fe5bff127077081a2a910d7ffc98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-12 / Configura-se como objetivo geral da tese analisar e discutir quais são as premissas da Cooperação Sul-Sul (CSS) que quando verificáveis na sua concretude rompem com os pressupostos de um modelo hegemônico de desenvolvimento e se a sua prática seria válida para a reorientação de práticas e imaginários do desenvolvimento. Com a finalidade de ilustrar o trabalho, analisamos a cooperação técnica brasileira com Guiné-Bissau no período de 2003 a 2014. A pesquisa tem um caráter interdisciplinar no sentido de buscar a interação e articulação de diversas disciplinas e saberes que foram mobilizados na investigação para auxiliar na compreensão e explicação do problema de pesquisa. Para a tese realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, assim como criamos um marco analítico com vistas a orientar a verificação dos princípios da CSS nos projetos de cooperação técnica entre o Brasil e a Guiné-Bissau. Construímos um alicerce epistêmico com referência e inspiração em autores do Sul, sem prejuízo da mobilização de pensadores do Norte. Não obstante a promessa e o potencial de ser um âmbito de autossuficiência coletiva e melhor colaboração, o modelo atual de CSS está comprometido pelos interesses de ganhos nacionais e geopolítico das potências emergentes, muitas vezes em detrimento dos interesses dos países mais pobres. Na nossa avaliação, somente quando inspirada em seus postulados fundacionais, a CSS pode ser um mecanismo difusor de outros modelos de desenvolvimento que reoriente para novas práticas e novos imaginários, que possam ser emancipadores e nos conduzam a sociedades mais equitativas. O estudo empírico demonstrou que na relação bilateral com Guiné- Bissau, os princípios da CSS brasileira se manifestaram na prática, não ficaram somente no campo político discursivo da diplomacia. Contudo, fatores como dependência financeira de Guiné-Bissau da Cooperação Norte-Sul (CNS) também surgiram como limitadores da apropriação e mesmo como um constrangimento para a cooperação brasileira como um todo com o país africano. / It is a general objective of the thesis to analyze and discuss what are the premises of SouthSouth Cooperation (SSC) that, when verifiable in its concreteness, break with the assumptions of a hegemonic model of development and if its practice would be valid for the reorientation of practical and imaginary aspects of development. With the purpose of illustrating the work, we analyzed the Brazilian technical cooperation with Guinea-Bissau from 2003 to 2014. The research has an interdisciplinary character in the sense of seeking the interaction and articulation of diverse disciplines and knowledge that were mobilized in the investigation to assist in the understanding and explanation of the research problem. For the thesis, we carried out a bibliographical, documentary and semi structured research, as well as creating an analytical framework to guide the verification of SSC principles in the technical cooperation projects between Brazil and Guinea-Bissau. We construct an epistemic foundation with reference and inspiration in authors from the South, without prejudice to the mobilization of thinkers from the North. Notwithstanding the promise and potential of being a collective self-reliance and better collaboration framework, the current SSC model is compromised by the interests of national and geopolitical gains of emerging powers, often in detriment of the interests of the poorest countries. In our evaluation, only when inspired by its foundational postulates, SSC can be a mechanism for diffusing other development models that reorient to new practices and new imaginaries, which can be emancipatory and lead to more equitable societies. The empirical study showed that in the bilateral relationship with Guinea-Bissau, the principles of the Brazilian SSC were manifested in practice, they were not only in the discursive political field of diplomacy. However, factors such as Guinea-Bissau's dependence on North-South Cooperation (NSC) have also emerged as limiting appropriation and even as a constraint on Brazilian cooperation as a whole with the African country.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Estudos Avançados Multidisciplinares, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sociedade e Cooperação Internacional, 2016. / Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-12-05T13:09:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_GeorgeOkechukwuMaha.pdf: 1696089 bytes, checksum: 0fbc54a3590c2e61c9d0773970a8e006 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2017-01-09T18:40:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_GeorgeOkechukwuMaha.pdf: 1696089 bytes, checksum: 0fbc54a3590c2e61c9d0773970a8e006 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-09T18:40:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_GeorgeOkechukwuMaha.pdf: 1696089 bytes, checksum: 0fbc54a3590c2e61c9d0773970a8e006 (MD5) / As abordagens culturalmente sensíveis promovidas pelo Fundo de População das Nações Unidas (FNUAP) têm o objetivo de prover seus funcionários e contrapartes conhecimento cultural, percepção sobre o contexto cultural e o engajamento com comunidades locais. Diante de uma agenda tão desafiadora, como a do Plano de Ação da Conferência Internacional sobre População e Desenvolvimento, assinado em 1994, na cidade de Cairo, Egito, o FNUAP introduziu em seu 6º Programa de Cooperação com o governo nigeriano ações definidas como culturalmente sensíveis. O presente trabalho discute a aplicação desta nova abordagem de cooperação e os aspectos relacionados ao trabalho da organização na construção de uma ideia de cultura para a cooperação em saúde reprodutiva. / The culturally sensitive approaches promoted by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) has the objective to provide its staff and counterparts with cultural knowledge, cultural awareness and engagement with local actors. Towards such a challenging agenda as the Plan of Action of the International Conference for Population and Development, signed in 1994, in the city of Cairo, Egypt, the UNFPA introduced in its 6th Co-operation Program with the Government of Nigeria actions defined as culturally sensitive. The present work discusses the application of this new approach of cooperation and the aspects related to the work of the organization in building an idea of culture for cooperation in reproductive health.

Com os crescentes movimentos ecolÃgicos em todo o mundo, onde o objetivo principal visa conscientizar e estimular a populaÃÃo mundial a poupar os recursos naturais, aliado a necessidade de se desviar os resÃduos aterrados (sanitÃrios ou industriais), de forma a reduzir os problemas ambientais e de saÃde pÃblica, decorrentes da disposiÃÃo inadequada de resÃduos sÃlidos, surgem os incentivos a reciclagem de materiais, bem como o desenvolvimento de materiais biodegradÃveis. Diante deste contexto, os materiais compÃsitos reforÃados com fibras naturais ganham destaque no meio cientÃfico. No entanto, seu uso ainda à tido com desconfianÃa, devido ao pouco ou nenhum conhecimento desses promissores materiais. Perante essa problemÃtica, surgiu a proposta deste trabalho de carÃter investigativo, em que foi pesquisado e desenvolvido um compÃsito totalmente reciclado, de matriz termoplÃstica (PVC reciclado) reforÃado, com fibras obtidas da casca de cocos verdes descartados. Para esse objetivo foram utilizadas diversas ferramentas de caracterizaÃÃo fÃsica, quÃmica, tÃrmica e mecÃnica, sendo os valores dos campos de deformaÃÃo obtidos pela CorrelaÃÃo de Imagem Digital (CID), comparando a imagem do corpo nÃo deformado com imagens do corpo deformado. E finalmente, avaliou-se os processos de danificaÃÃo do compÃsito, atravÃs da caracterizaÃÃo experimental da evoluÃÃo do dano isotrÃpico pelos mÃtodosda variaÃÃo do MÃdulo de Elasticidade efetivo (ensaio de traÃÃo com carga e descarga) e pelo Ãndice de Tsai-Wu com os parÃmetros constitutivos da funÃÃo tangente hiperbÃlica, onde os valores encontrados, em ambos os mÃtodos, mantiveram-se dentro da faixa esperada para compÃsitos, 0,20 â 0,50. / With increasing the ecological movements around the world, whose the main objective aims to raise awareness and encourage the world's population to save natural resources, coupled with the need to divert grounded waste (sanitary or industrial) in order to reduce environmental problems and public health, arising f rom the improper disposal of solid waste, emerge incentives for recy cling, and the development of biodegradable materials. Given this context, the composites reinforced with natural fibers began to be highlighted in the scientific community. However, its utilization is still seen with suspicion due to little or no knowledge of these pr omising materials. Faced with this problem, arose the proposal of this investigative character work, in with it was researched and devel oped a fully recycled composite, of thermoplastic matrix (recycl ed PVC) reinforced with fibers obtained from the bark of green coconut s discarded. For this objective were used various tools of physical, chemical, thermal and mechanical characterization, whose amounts of d eformation fields were obtained by Digital Image Correlation (DIC), c omparing the image of the body not deformed with images of the deforme d body. Finally, we assessed the processes of damage of the composite, through experimental characterization of the evolution of t he isotropic damage by the methods of varying the effective elastic mod ulus (tensile test with loading and unloading) and by Tsai-Wu index wi th the parameters constitutive of hyperbolic tangent function, where the values found, in both methods, were within the expected range for composite, from 0.20 to 0.50.

INTRODUCTION. The Central Institute for the Deaf published Auditory Tests W-1 (CID W-1) spondaic wordlist was developed in the USA in 1947 and 1952. Certain American-English words contained in the wordlist are unfamiliar to many South Africans, even English first language (EFL) speakers, but particularly those who use English as a second language (ESL). Familiarity with spondaic words is one of the most important qualities of the test items used to determine Speech Recognition Threshold (SRT). OBJECTIVES. The aim of this study was to compare the SRT results obtained with the English South African Spondaic (SAS) wordlist developed by Durrant (2006) and the English CID W-1 spondaic wordlist when measuring the SRT of adult ESL speakers in South Africa. Method. Audiometric Pure Tone Average (PTA) and SRT measurements were obtained for 101 (197 ears) ESL participants with normal hearing or a minimal hearing loss <26 dBHL (mean age 33.3). PTA/SRT correlations were compared when using the SAS wordlist (groups one and two), as well as either the ‘less familiar’ CID W-1 (group one) or ‘more familiar’ CID W-1 (group two), in a mixed matched group design. RESULTS. A Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant and positive correlation for all three wordlists. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong PTA/SRT correlation when using the South African Spondaic (SAS) wordlist (right ear: 0.65; left ear 0.58) and the ‘more familiar’ words from the CID W-1 wordlist (right ear: 0.63; left ear: 0.56). The use of the ‘less familiar’ words from the CID W-1 wordlist revealed weak correlations (right ear: 0.30; left ear: 0.32). Paired sample T-tests indicated a statistically significantly stronger PTA/SRT correlation when the SAS wordlist was used, rather than either of the CID W-1 wordlists, at a 95% level of confidence. CONCLUSIONS. The use of the SAS wordlist yields a stronger PTA/SRT correlation than the use of the CID W-1 wordlist, when performing SRT testing as part of the speech audiometry battery on South African ESL speakers with normal hearing, or minimal hearing loss <26 dBHL. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lk2014 / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / MA / Unrestricted

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Atualmente, é notável o interesse de um grande público pelas produções que evocam o passado medieval. Também em sala de aula, encontramos alunos que se deixam envolver pelos cenários, literaturas, histórias em quadrinhos, jogos, séries e filmes que tratam o período como algo fantástico, por isso, como um momento em que tudo é possível. O presente trabalho, objetiva analisar as representações do cavaleiro medieval, utilizando como elemento principal o Poema de Mio Cid. Por se tratar de uma pesquisa que visa a aplicabilidade do objeto estudado, utilizaremos em sala de aula as representações presentes no poema medieval e compararemos com os alunos o conceito de cavalaria incorporado por eles e pelas mídias de entretenimento. Como produto final, os alunos desenvolverão uma história em quadrinhos através da plataforma on-line Pixton. A criticidade dos alunos surge do confronto entre aquilo que se apresenta como ideal e provável, a partir da conceituação do professor. Esta interpretação dará aos alunos o desenvolvimento de sua autonomia em relação às visões dos autores de livros ou artigos, auxiliando-os a tornar a aprendizagem mais significativa. / Currently, it is remarkable the interest of a large audience for productions that evoke the medieval past. Also in the classroom, we found students who let themselves get involved by scenarios, literature, comics, games, series and movies that deal with the period as something fantastic, so, as a moment when everything is possible. The present study aims to analyze the representations of the medieval knight, using as main element the Poema de Mio Cid. Because it is a survey that seeks the applicability of object studied, we will use in class representations present in the medieval poem and compare with students the concept of chivalry incorporated by them and by the entertainment media. As final product, students will develop a comic book via the online platform Pixton. The criticality of the students comes from the confrontation between what is ideal and likely, from the conceptualization of the teacher. This interpretation will give the students the development of your autonomy in relation to visions of authors of books or articles, helping them to make learning more meaningful.

L'objectif de ma thèse est d'étudier des oligonucléotides et mononucléotides par de nouvelles techniques de fragmentation comme l'EDD (Electron-Detachment-Dissociation) et l'EID (Electron-Induced-Dissociation) qui font intervenir un bombardement d'électrons. Les échantillons sont d'abord ionisés par une source electrospray (ESI) qui permet une ionisation douce. Au cours de mon travail de thèse, je me suis intéressé à l'étude de petits oligonucléotides (ADN et ARN simples brins) et de mononucléotides par EDD et EID. Tout d'abord nous optimisons les différents paramètres qui ont permis d'obtenir en ESI les espèces multichargées pour étudier les processus EDD, EID d'oligonucléotides à des états de charge différents, afin d'obtenir le maximum d'ions fragments. Ces spectres seront comparés avec les spectres SORI-CID (Collision-Induced-Dissociation) et IRMPD (Infrared-Multiphoton-Dissociation) pour mettre en évidence les spécificités de l'EDD et EID par rapport au SORI-CID. Les spectres EDD et EID montrent quelques ions fragments qui ne sont pas observés dans les spectres SORI-CID et IRMPD parce que ces derniers ne conduisent pas aux ions radicalaires. Grâce aux ions fragments radicalaires obtenus en EDD et en EID, nous avons pu accéder au séquençage d'oligonucléotides riches en thymine pour lesquels il est difficile d'obtenir des informations par les méthodes conventionnelles. Enfin nous avons utilisé des techniques particulières de la technologie ICR et qui seront présentées dans ce manuscrit

T lymphocytes express either a preTCR, or a clonotyoic γδ TCR or αβ TCR together with the CD3-complex and the associated ζ-chain. TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling is crucial for T cell development and antigen-specific activation including proliferation, differentiation, effector functions and apoptosis of mature T cells. Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) cascades lie at the heart of proximal TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling. The CSK-, SRC-, SYK- and TEC-family members C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK), lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK), ζ-chain associated protein tyrosine kinase of 70 kDa (ZAP-70) and interleukin-2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK), respectively, are the major T cell players. After TCR:CD3:ζ-complex triggering, activation of PTKs result in tyrosine phosphorylation signals. These include phosphorylation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of the CD3 and ζ-chains, adaptor proteins that nucleate the proximal LAT:SLP-76-signalosome controlling almost all TCR:CD3:ζ-induced signalling events. These events initiate Ca2+-flux, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), activation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB), activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) as well as actin reorganization, cell-adhesion and motility.Througout the last five decades, the immune system has been extensively investigated in vitro and in animal models such as the murine system. Additionally, studying and taking care of human primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) has been seminal for our understanding of the human immune system as animal models not always recapitulates the subtleties found in men.In my doctoral thesis I report the first case of autosomal recessive human LCK-deficiency, a novel autosomal recessive mutation leading to human ZAP-70-deficiency and a novel autosomal recessive mutation leading to human ITK-deficiency. I provide detailed clinical, immunological and biochemical analyses especially of TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling and compare my findings to the well-established Lck-/-, Zap-70-/- and Itk-/- murine models.

Le but de cette thèse est de sonder la flexibilité de NCp7 et de Δ(-)PBS, deux bio-molécules impliquées dans le second saut de brin de la transcription inverse du VIH. Deux stratégies expérimentales ont été mises en place. Un nouveau montage de spectroscopie ultra-rapide de fluorescence par down-conversion a été construit. Les dynamiques de quenching de la 2-aminopurine (2Ap), insérée en position 6, 8 et 10 de la boucle Δ(-)PBS ont pu être entièrement résolues à une résolution sub-ps. Pour chaque position, 4 temps de vie ont été révélés. Des mesures d'anisotropie confirment que les deux composantes < 5 ps sont liées à un empilement de la 2Ap avec les Guanines avoisinantes. Cet empilement est site-spécifique, prouvé par l'augmentation significative de leurs amplitudes lorsque la 2Ap est située près de la tige (position 10). La faible proportion de conformations reliées à un quenching collisionnel est significative de la faible exposition des 2Ap au solvant et de l'encombrement général de la boucle. La seconde approche avait pour but d'étudier l'effet du repliement du squelette protéique de [35-50] NCp7 autour de son atome de zinc par CID et par LID. Les spectres CID de la protéine nue sont expliqués par le modèle du proton mobile et une description détaillée d'un schéma de fragmentation spécifique autour du Tryptophane (Trp) a été soulignée, attribué une Lysine voisine. Un seul fragment issu de l'excitation à 266 nm a été identifié, son apparition entre en compétition avec les fragments CID du Trp. L'effet général du repliement autour du Zinc se traduit par une augmentation du taux de fragmentation autour du Trp et par une perte de spécificité pour le reste du spectre.Les flexibilités de Δ(-)PBS et NCp7 ont été respectivement évaluées par spectroscopie ultra-rapide de type down-conversion et par spectrométrie en phase gazeuse. La première méthode nécessite l'utilisation d'une sonde fluorescente non invasive, la 2-aminopurine (2Ap), placée en position 6, 8 et 10 de la boucle Δ(-)PBS. Notre résolution temporelle permet de résoudre entièrement les dynamiques locales de quenching et d'anisotropie de la 2Ap. Les composantes liées au quenching statique et quenching collisionnel ont été discriminées et révèlent les degrés d'empilement / encombrement locaux de la boucle. L'effet du repliement de [35-50] NCp7 autour de son atome de zinc a été étudié par CID et par LID à 266 nm. La protéine nue présente un interessant shéma de fragmentation autour du Tryptophane (Trp), exalté par la complexation avec le zinc, au prix une perte de spécificité pour le reste du spectre. Un seul fragment LID a été identifié, un mécanisme de sa formation est proposé.

T lymphocytes express either a preTCR, or a clonotypic γδ TCR or αβ TCR together with the CD3-complex and the associated ζ-chain. TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling is crucial for T cell development and antigen-specific activation including proliferation, differentiation, effector functions and apoptosis of mature T cells. Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) cascades lie at the heart of proximal TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling. The CSK-, SRC-, SYK- and TEC-family members C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK), lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK), ζ-chain associated protein tyrosine kinase of 70 kDa (ZAP-70) and interleukin-2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK), respectively, are the major T cell players. After TCR:CD3:ζ-complex triggering, activation of PTKs results in tyrosine phosphorylation signals. These include phosphorylation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of the CD3 and ζ-chains, and adaptor proteins that nucleate the proximal LAT:SLP-76-signalosome controlling almost all TCR:CD3:ζ-induced signalling events. These events initiate Ca2+-flux, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), activation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB), activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) as well as actin reorganization, cell-adhesion and motility. Throughout the last five decades, the immune system has been extensively investigated in vitro and in animal models such as the murine system. Additionally, studying and taking care of human primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) has been seminal for our understanding of the human immune system as animal models not always recapitulate the subtleties found in men. In my doctoral thesis I report the first case of autosomal recessive human LCK-deficiency, a novel autosomal recessive mutation leading to human ZAP-70-deficiency and a novel autosomal recessive mutation leading to human ITK-deficiency. I provide detailed clinical, immunological and biochemical analyses especially of TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling and compare my findings to the well-established Lck-/-, Zap-70-/- and Itk-/- murine models.