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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Category-generation performance in Mandarin-English bilingual children

Song, Min-An 16 September 2014 (has links)
Research has shown that children categorize words in terms of taxonomic and slot-filler strategies. Monolingual children were thought to shift from a slot-filler to taxonomic strategy between the age of five and eight. The aim of this study is to analyze the way Mandarin-English bilingual children organize their lexical-semantic system through the use of a category-generation task that investigate taxonomic and slot-filler organizational strategies in each language. There were 53 Mandarin-English bilingual participants (between 4 and 7 years of age) included in this study. Participants were asked to name as many items as they could think of in slot-filler and taxonomic conditions in English and Mandarin. The results indicate greater performance in English than Mandarin in children who were five years or older. Four-year-old bilingual children produced comparable number of items in both slot-fill and taxonomic condition, but the five-, six-, and seven-year-old bilingual children showed greater performance in the taxonomic condition. Children performed better for the animal than the clothes category, and better for the clothes than the food category. These findings, while largely consistent with existing literature, suggest that the slot-filler to taxonomic shift may take place at an earlier age compared to monolingual children. / text
72

Strategies teachers used to adapt materials of second language Chinese in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme : enacting international mindedness? = Guo ji wen ping yu ke ke cheng di er yu yan Han yu ke jiao shi diao shi jiao cai de ce lüe : shi jian guo ji yi shi? / Strategies teachers used to adapt materials of second language Chinese in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme : enacting international mindedness? = 國際文憑預科課程第二語言漢語科教師調適教材的策略 : 實踐國際意識?

Lam, Tung-fei, 林同飛 January 2014 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Education / Doctoral / Doctor of Education
73

Gambits in Mandarin-speaking Children's Spoken Discourse

張君慈 Unknown Date (has links)
在兒童習得談話溝通的發展過程中,兒童需要習得多種談話技巧才能全然地參與談話,而其中一項重要的談話技巧即為引語的使用。引語在言談分析中是指一種半固定的語句用以加速言談的流暢。然而至今沒有研究探討過兒童使用引語的情形,因此本研究旨在探討中文言談中學齡兒童使用引語的發展情形。本研究將十二名學齡兒童依年齡分為兩組,並將其自然談話內容錄音且加以轉錄,以資進一步之分析與研究。此研究結果發現隨著年紀的增長兒童愈常使用引語,且愈能行使不同的種類形式來表達。這些發展性的成長與兒童的心智、語言及社會發展有關;此外,本研究結果亦發現學齡兒童最常使用的引語種類。本研究期待能增加人們對於兒童引語的認識,更能提供國小教師指導或幫助學齡兒童在言談中使用引語,進而增進兒童言談順暢無誤。
74

The syntax of V-V resultatives in Mandarin Chinese

Liu, Jianxun 25 January 2019 (has links)
This is a study on the syntax of V-V resultative constructions in Mandarin Chinese within the generative framework. I investigate three aspects of these constructions: the generation of resultative V-V compounds, the syntactic structure of V-V resultatives, and their alternation properties. First, I investigate in which component of grammar and with what mechanisms resultative V-V compounds are generated. With regard to the generation of complex words, Marantz (2000) proposes that words are generated in two different syntactic domains, the inner domain of a lexical root and the outer domain, and words thus generated demonstrate different properties. Adopting this proposal, I propose a syntactic analysis of the generation of resultative V-V compounds. One observation of this study is that V-V resultative compounds and another type of V-V compounds in Mandarin Chinese, parallel V-V compounds, while seemingly similar, possess systematically different properties. Based on this observation, I argue that resultative V-V compounds are formed in the outer domain, by combining two categorized verbs (vP1 and vP2), while parallel V-V compounds are formed in the inner domain, in which the two acategorical lexical roots (√1 and √2) combine first to form a root complex, which then merges with little v. Second, I explore an event-mapping approach to the syntactic structure of V-V resultatives. Regarding the syntactic representation of the semantic event structures, the isomorphism hypothesis (e.g., Lin, 2004; Ramchand, 2008) postulates that there is a transparent correspondence between semantic subevents and the syntactic element of vPs. Particularly, Lin’s (2004) isomorphism analysis argues that two types of V-V resultative constructions, object-oriented and subject-oriented V-V resultatives, have the same event structure, and therefore have the same syntactic structure, in which three vPs represent three subevents. In the present study, based on the adverbial modification properties, I argue that an isomorphism analysis of Mandarin V-V resultatives does not hold, and that the two types of V-V resultatives have different syntactic structures. To be more specific, while the syntactic structure of object-oriented V-V resultatives contains two vPs, a vCAUSEP that takes as its complement a vBECOMEP, the syntactic structure of subject-oriented V-V resultatives contains a single vBECOMEP. This analysis reveals that, while object-oriented V-V resultatives are causative constructions, subject-oriented V-V resultatives are inchoative unaccusative predicates, despite the ‘cause-result’ meaning they convey. Finally, based on the analysis that object-oriented and subject-oriented V-V resultatives have different syntactic structures, I account for their alternation properties. I propose that the alternative uses of these two types of V-V resultatives fall into two different categorizations: decausativization (of object-oriented resultatives) and causativization (of subject-oriented resultatives). I then argue that (most of) the properties of the alternative uses of V-V resultatives have two sources: the distinctive semantic and syntactic properties of subject-oriented resultatives, and the Direct Causation Condition on the subject in causatives. / Graduate
75

From nominal reference to the acquisition of personal pronouns in a Mandarin-English bilingual child

Qi, Ruying, University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, Education and Social Sciences, School of Languages and Linguistics January 2004 (has links)
This longitudinal study aims to trace the developmental route from nominal to pronominal reference to person in a bilingual first language acquirer of two typologically distinct languages : Mandarin and English. The study reveals that experiencing different types of input influences the speed and movement by which personal pronouns are learned in language production. The study provides some exploration into the role of the weaker language in bilingual language development as well as the nature and extent of the early separation and interaction of two linguistic systems in a language environment which is fundamentally unlike the one parent-one-language setting. The data-set of the work consists of over 65 tape recorded sessions of naturalistic speech collected over 30 months in context-based language use in either Mandarin or English, where Mandarin is the home(and minority) language spoken by both parents and other family members while English is the(dominant)language of all other environments. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
76

A cognitive approach to multi-verb constructions in Mandarin Chinese

Yin, Hui 11 1900 (has links)
This dissertation addresses different kinds of Mandarin multi-verb constructions (MVCs), seeking to solve a long-standing problem in Chinese linguistics: namely, how to account for a plethora of constructions, including a subset called serial verb constructions. In most previous studies, only a limited number of MVCs have been examined by any one researcher. By contrast, this dissertation aims to provide a unified account of all types of Mandarin MVCs. I argue such a goal can be achieved through a usage-based cognitive approach. By proposing that MVCs display varying degrees of event integration, my analysis can differentiate meaningfully among distinct kinds of MVCs. Based on the form-meaning pairing criterion, I argue that MVCs of different types can be localized along portions of a continuum of event integration. This study mines the Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese for MVCs. The corpus results show there is lexical restrictedness as measured by verb type/token ratios in certain MVCs. The continuum of type/token ratios is argued to correlate with the continuum of event integration of MVCs, with lower ratios correlating with higher degrees of event integration and with higher ratios correlating with lower degrees of event integration. The corpus data indicate there is a strong interaction between lexical items and construction types. Certain verbs are easily attracted to a particular construction or even a particular verb position. Also, the corpus results reflect an asymmetry in MVCs in that verbs in one position may be more restricted. The position-specific patterns of type/token frequency largely reveal the event structures underlying particular MVCs. Generally, the verb position having a higher type/token ratio represents a core phase. The corpus results show the mutual attraction of verbs and constructions, the strong tendency to use MVCs for encoding unitary albeit complex events, and the link between lexical restrictedness and event integration as evidenced by the large variety of types of MVCs in Mandarin. The findings support a usage-based model where constructions are understood to be conventionalized units, and fixed idiomatic expressions are considered to be as important to the expressive inventory of the language as are open or fully productive syntactic structures.
77

Les facteurs qui influencent l'utilisation de tactique de recherche alimentaire chez le diamant mandarin (Taeniopygia guttata)

Mathot, Kimberley January 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Lorsque des animaux recherchent de la nourriture en groupe, les individus peuvent investir dans la quête de nourriture (tactique producteur) ou dans la recherche d'occasions d'exploiter les découvertes alimentaires d'autres membres du groupe (tactique chapardeur). Les deux tactiques sont maintenues dans les groupes selon la fréquence-dépendance, et des modèles théoriques prédisant une proportion stable des tactiques utilisées à l'échelle du groupe ont été développés. Cependant, on sait peu de chose au sujet des facteurs qui influencent les décisions individuelles d'investissement dans la tactique producteur ou chapardeur. En utilisant des diamants mandarins (Taeniopygia guttata) comme système modèle, je teste deux variables d'état qui peuvent influencer la prise de décision relative à une tactique. Chez les oiseaux qui se nourrissent au sol, les individus sautillent en gardant la tête dressée lorsqu'ils font du chapardage et occupent des positions au centre de la volée; ce sont deux comportements qui accroissent leurs chances d'échapper à des prédateurs. J'ai donc prédit qu'accroître la vulnérabilité à la prédation d'un individu favoriserait une plus grande utilisation de la tactique chapardeur. Conformément à cette prédiction, les individus ont accru leur utilisation de cette tactique au cours des expériences augmentant leur vulnérabilité à la prédation (la taille des plumes du vol, ou rémiges, pour réduire la capacité à s'envoler pour échapper à un prédateur). En me fondant sur des prédictions de la théorie de l'approvisionnement sensible à la variance, j'ai aussi testé si les variations individuelles du métabolisme basal sont associées à des usages différents des tactiques sociales de quête de nourriture. J'ai supposé que les individus possédant un métabolisme basal élevé avaient plus de chances d'avoir un déficit énergétique, donc utiliseraient plus la tactique alimentaire aux résultats moins variés, le chapardage. J'ai effectué des tests avec des données appareillées d'individus ayant un métabolisme basal élevé ou bas dans la même volée. J'ai trouvé que les individus ayant un métabolisme basal élevé utilisaient davantage la tactique chapardeur que les individus au métabolisme bas. Différents aspects de l'état de l'individu sont héritables, y compris le métabolisme basal. Conséquemment, le fait que le choix d'une tactique soit influencé par l'état de l'individu suggère que l'usage d'une tactique est peut-être aussi héritable. Nous avons vérifié si l'usage d'une tactique alimentaire est héritable en comparant les tactiques utilisées par des frères et des soeurs testés dans des volées différentes. Nous avons trouvé que le choix de la tactique est similaire pour des individus apparentés. Ces résultats indiquent que l'utilisation d'une tactique par les individus n'est pas entièrement flexible, et pourrait influencer les décisions relatives à la formation des groupes chez les animaux qui s'approvisionnent socialement. Enfin, j'ai développé un modèle qui prolonge le modèle classique producteur-chapardeur (qui maximise le taux de consommation) de sorte à tenir compte des effets de l'aptitude phénotypique inclusive dans le cas de l'approvisionnement par des groupes d'individus apparentés. Le modèle prend en considération les conséquences de l'aptitude phénotypique inclusive de la production de nourriture et du chapardage au moment de rechercher de la nourriture avec des individus apparentés. Il permet aussi aux individus de faire preuve de différents niveaux de tolérance selon que le chapardage est effectué par des individus apparentés ou non. Le modèle prédit qu'un fort degré d'apparentement peut aboutir à de plus grands niveaux d'exploitation lorsque les producteurs permettent le chapardage par des individus apparentés, mais imposent des coûts aux chapardeurs non apparentés (ceux-ci sont, par exemple, la cible de comportements agressifs). Nous avons testé cette prédiction chez des diamants mandarins captifs qui s'approvisionnent soit en volées de frères et soeurs, soit en volées d'individus non apparentés. Nous avons trouvé que les volées d'oiseaux apparentés comprenaient de plus grandes proportions de chapardage et des niveaux plus bas d'interactions agressives, comparativement aux volées d'oiseaux non apparentés. Ces résultats indiquent que, sous l'effet de la pression de la sélection de parentèle, les producteurs permettent à des individus apparentés de chaparder. Étonnamment, bien que des niveaux de chapardage plus élevés soient généralement associés à une baisse du taux de découverte de parcelles de nourriture, les groupes d'individus apparentés n'ont pas connu une réduction du taux de découverte de parcelles alimentaires, comparativement aux groupes d'individus non apparentés. Cela s'explique probablement par le fait que moins de temps a été consacré à des interactions agressives au sein des groupes d'individus apparentés. Étant donné que les groupes d'individus apparentés ont des taux de découverte des parcelles alimentaires équivalents à ceux des groupes formés d'individus non apparentés, tout en ayant moins d'interactions agressives, il est nettement bénéfique de se regrouper avec des individus apparentés, même quand ces groupes ont de plus grandes proportions de comportements d'exploitation. Le résultat de cette expérience souligne l'importance de tenir compte des individus - producteurs ou chapardeurs - qui contrôlent la fréquence de l'exploitation, étant donné que l'observation d'une exploitation accrue entre individus apparentés ne peut être comprise qu'à la lumière de changements de la propension à chaparder ainsi que de la propension à tolérer le chapardage en fonction de la parenté. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Approvisionnement social, Tactiques alternatives, Variation individuelle, Condition dépendance, Sélection de parentèle.
78

Case study on teaching Mandarin learning-area in resource rooms in elementary school

Chang, Wen-tsan 10 July 2010 (has links)
Case study on teaching Mandarin learning-area in resource rooms in elementary school Abstract This study adopted case study approach to observe on-site two elementary resource room teachers in teaching Mandarin learning-area. Further, through class observation, formal/informal interviews, and the researcher¡¦s reflections, the teachers¡¦ practices of teaching methods, teaching content analysis, curriculum planning, teaching priority setting, preparation, and other teaching related factors were discussed. Data were analyzed according to the subjects of the content. The major findings are as follows: 1. In case A, the teacher had outstanding performance on game-oriented teaching. The interaction between the teacher and students was natural and energetic. The fun-way teaching method lighted up the class atmosphere and improved students¡¦ learning effect; children were willing to actively participate in the learning process when encouraged by incentive system. 2. In case B, the teacher effectively guided students to summarizing main points, often using spiral curriculum to connect one teaching subject to another. Children learned through down-to-earth teaching steps, and the learning results were presented through an item-by-item writing mode from the teacher. 3. The teacher of case A extended the teaching content with a broad variety and diversity while the teacher of case B wrapped up teaching highlights in every respect. Both teachers combined the textbooks with the information and knowledge of other fields, thereby effectively intensifying and broadening students¡¦ learning. Thus, they helped enrich the students¡¦ everyday knowledge and views. 4. The teacher of case A focused on the learning of Mandarin characters, phonetics, interpretation, phrase usage, and sentence making. The goal was to strengthen students¡¦ basic abilities. The teacher of case B stressed on cultivation of students¡¦ listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. Both teachers followed their selected teaching curriculum programs in line with their pre-set teaching priorities. 5. Both teachers designed learning worksheets in conjunction with the teaching content to help students practice repeatedly in the learning process. They also individually taught and guided special students. Keywords: Resource room, Mandarin learning-area, case study
79

Pragmatic development of mandarin-speaking children from 14 months to 32 months

Zhou, Jing, January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 224-232).
80

A study on acoustic modeling and adaptation in HMM-based speech recognition

Ma, Bin, January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-112).

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