This Thesis deals with the using of transformations in model of regression analysis. The first part of the Thesis summarizes the theoretical findings of the regression models, assumption of these models and the possibility of using different types of transformations in the event non-compliance of regression models. The practical part of this Thesis deals with regression analysis of real dataset on school readiness of children from the district of Kolín in 2013 and using transformations in the selected regression model.

A ausência de semente em videira, também chamada de apirenia, é amplamente apreciada pelo mercado consumidor de uvas de mesa. No entanto, os mecanismos moleculares que controlam a morfogênese da semente não são totalmente compreendidos. Por este trabalho, buscou-se caracterizar funcionalmente o gene candidato VviAGL11, avaliando seu papel na morfogênese de sementes de Vitis vinifera. Dados prévios permitiram determinar o padrão de expressão de VviAGL11 na camada da endotesta da casca da semente, que precisa alongar e aumentar o número de células para que haja a lignificação e a determinação do tamanho final da semente. No presente estudo, a função de VviAGL11 foi avaliada por meio de sua expressão ectópica no mutante de seedstick (AGL11) de Arabidopsis thaliana, o que restaurou o fenótipo e confirmou o papel direto deste gene no desenvolvimento da semente, sugerindo que a depleção de sua expressão é responsável pelo desenvolvimento errôneo da camada de endotesta da semente, culminando no fenótipo de apirenia típico. Além disso, a função de VviAGL11 foi avaliada em videira com o uso de plasmídeos vegetais. Os resultados permitiram demonstrar que a alta expressão de VviAGL11 na cultivar apirênica Linda, após tratamento, está relacionada com a presença de pequenas sementes que não foram encontradas nas amostras-controle não tratadas Além disso, cachos de ‘Italia’ e ‘Ruby’ tratados com o plasmídeo de silenciamento VviAGL11 mostraram diminuição da expressão desse gene, número reduzido de sementes e aumento do número de traços de sementes. Em conjunto, os resultados confirmam que VviAGL11 é um importante regulador da morfogênese de sementes em videira. Em adição, populações segregantes para ausência de sementes foram testadas com cinco marcadores SSR, dos quais três marcadores microssatélites mostraram-se relacionados à ausência de sementes e poderiam ser usados com 100% de eficiência em um haplótipo para seleção assistida. Ao mesmo tempo, nove marcadores do tipo SNPs e INDELs foram desenvolvidos com base na sequência do alelo de VviAGL11 associado à ausência de sementes em V. vinifera. Para os marcadores VvAGL11_KASP_2, VvAGL11_KASP_3, VvAGL11_KASP_8 e VvAGL11_KASP_9, polimorfismos foram observados segregando em indivíduos apirênicos genotipados, confirmando sua associação com a ausência de sementes e sugerindo seu uso na estratégia de seleção assistida rápida e eficaz de videiras apirênicas. / Grapevine seedlessness, also known as apyreny, is widely appreciated by the table grape’s market. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms that control seed morphogenesis are not fully understood. This study aimed to characterize the function of the candidate gene VviAGL11, evaluating its role in Vitis vinifera seed morphogenesis. Previous data allowed us to determine the VviAGL11 expression pattern in the endotesta layer of the seed coat, which needs to elongate and increase in cell number to accomplish seed lignification and final seed size. In the present study VviAGL11 function was evaluated by its ectopic expression in Arabidopsis thaliana seedstick (AGL11) mutant background, which restored the phenotype and confirmed the direct role of this gene in seed development, suggesting that depletion of its expression is responsible for the erroneous development of the endotesta layer of the seed, therefore culminating in the typical seedless phenotype. Furthermore, we evaluated VviAGL11 function in grapevine with the use of plant plasmids. The results showed that a high expression of VviAGL11 in the seedless cultivar Linda, after treatment, was related with the presence of small seeds that were not found in untreated control samples Additionally, seeded ‘Italia’ and ‘Ruby’ bunches treated with a VviAGL11-silencing plasmid showed decreased gene expression, reduced number of seeds and increased number of seed traces. Taken together, the results confirm that VviAGL11 is a key master regulator of seed morphogenesis in grapevine. Moreover, segregating populations for seedlessness were tested with five SSR markers of which three microsatellite markers were proven to be related with seedlessness and could be used with 100% efficiency in a haplotype for assisted selection. Additionally, nine unique SNPs and INDELs markers were developed based on VviAGL11 allele associated with the absence of seeds in V. vinifera. For the markers VvAGL11_KASP_2, VvAGL11_KASP_3, VvAGL11_KASP_8 and VvAGL11_KASP_9, polymorphisms were observed segregating in genotyped seedless individuals, confirming their seedlessness association and suggesting their use in fast and effective assisted selection strategy for seedlessness grapevines.

Submitted thesis deals with the change of existing binding system for the Hot–Box method for hardening serving for manufacturing of shell cores the water space of cylinder heads comprise of. Objectives for proposing new binding system for Warm–Box method of hardening under heat are to achieve reduction in creation of condensates and gas substances in binding material compared with existing binding system. Further the thesis is aimed at achieving optimal operating hardness the cores have by reduced batches of binding system and by reduced temperatures of cores in scope reflecting manufacturing conditions in the company Nemak Slovakia s.r.o. While resolving issues there were used methods for evaluating quality of opening materials, core mixtures and cores, further methods for evaluating quality of melt, casts and basic methods for statistical processing of results.

CArG box is a highly conservative DNA motif found in Serum Response Element (SRE), which regulates expression of c-fos gene. In this thesis, short oligodeoxynucleotides containing CArG box were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to evaluate their ability to preferentially form hairpin over duplex. 1H spectra were measured at temperature range (274-360) K. We acquired thermodynamic parameters of the transition between hairpin and single strand by fitting the temperature- dependent chemical shifts. The hairpin structure of our oligonucleotide samples was confirmed by non- B-DNA patterns in NOESY spectra, absence of concentration dependence of melting, and other pieces of evidence. Thus, occurrence of unusual DNA conformation of CArG box in native DNA, potentially even cruciform is highly possible. This could explain the high affinity between SRE and its transcription factor. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor which binds to a highly conserved DNA sequence called the CArG box. According to the nucleotide sequence of CArG box it could form a hairpin structure or a cruciform. In this master thesis, the structure of the CArG box in a human gene c-fos was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance. 1 H spectra at temperatures 274{356 K, two-dimensional 1 H{1 H NOESY spectra, and two-dimensional 1 H{13 C HMBC spectra for DNA sequences with lengths of 12, 14 and 16 nucleoti- des were acquired. The thermodynamic parameters of formation of the secondary structure in the samples were determined from the measured temperature depen- dencies. The hairpin formation in the samples was con rmed based on the NOESY spectra and the lack of dependency of the melting temperature on concentration. The observed difference of the secondary structure from B-DNA could serve as a possible explanation of the high a nity of SRF to CArG box. 1

Legal regulation and taxation of gambling mechanisms in video games Abstract In connection with the development and spread of information technologies to most households, new questions arise regarding their legal regulation. The old legal norms cannot keep pace with this development, and therefore a new phenomenon may emerge, which at first glance seems to have been neglected by law. This work explores one of these phenomena of information technology, namely Loot boxes, as a new, modern form of gambling targeted at minors and other vulnerable groups. Some Member States of the European Union, in particular Belgium and the Netherlands, have already reacted correctly to Loot boxes and banned the operation of some Loot boxes on their territory. Other countries, such as the United States, have been talking about regulation for a long time, but it has not yet happened. Loot boxes are internally divided into several types, and for some we cannot talk about gambling. In particular, these are cases where the possibility of buying a Loot box for money or the possibility of selling acquired virtual items for money, or a similar value that can be expressed in money, is completely missing. In my reasonable opinion, some Loot boxes are essentially a game of chance. Despite claims by Loot box operators, many researches...

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The application of the following criteria of success to the 134 classes in adult education held in Box Elder County, Utah during the four-year period, 1938-1942 inclusive: a. Enrollment, b. Attendance, C. Repetition of Courses, D. Number of people repeating courses, E. Effect of teacher type in terms of the preceding criteria. The Study involves 2454 different people are registered in the 134 courses, with a total enrollment of 3806 (including repetitions in registration). The data on the forms for enrollment and attendance have been tabulated and form the basis of this study.

Rapid advances in speech recognition theory, as well as computing hardware, have led to the development of machines that can take human speech as input, decode the information content of the speech, and respond accordingly. Real-time performance of such systems is often dominated by the evaluation of likelihoods in the statistical modeling component of the system. Statistical models are typically implemented using Gaussian mixture distributions. The primary objective of this thesis was to develop an extension of the Bucket Box Intersection algorithm in which the dimension with the optimal number of splits can be selected when multiple minima are present. The effects of normalization of mixture weights and Gaussian clipping have also been investigated. We show that the Extended BBI algorithm (EBBI) reduces run-time by 21% without introducing any approximation error. EBBI also produced a 12% lower word error rate than Gaussian clipping for the same computational complexity. These approaches were evaluated on a wide variety of tasks including conversational speech.

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