Sistemas de controle de edifícios inteligentes têm evoluído consideravelmente e a sua confiabilidade também tem melhorado. Mesmo assim, falhas são inevitáveis em sistemas concebidos, construídos e operados pelo homem e uma abordagem alternativa envolve a minimização das conseqüências das falhas. Isto é possível através da reconfiguração do sistema que se faz realocando funções de controle e escolhendo outras formas de interação entre os processos. Apesar disso, na literatura ainda não existe muito material que trate da modelagem de processos em que desde a sua concepção as falhas são consideradas. Assim, propõe-se neste trabalho o desenvolvimento de um procedimento para a modelagem de sistemas de controle considerando além das especificações funcionais, em situação normal, a ocorrência de falhas. Em função da base teórica existente e ferramentas disponíveis a abordagem proposta adota o conceito de sistemas a eventos discretos, holon e a técnica de rede de Petri e suas extensões para descrever a estrutura e o funcionamento deste sistema de controle. Um exemplo de aplicação é aqui apresentado para ilustrar as principais características deste procedimento. / Control systems of intelligent buildings have evolved and its reliability has evidently improved. However, faults are inevitable in systems conceived, constructed and operated by humans and an alternative approach is the minimization of the faults consequences. This is possible through the reconfiguration of the system, i.e., re-allocating control functions and choosing other forms of interaction between the processes. Despite this, there are few publications that deal with the modeling of processes where since its conception the faults are considered. Thus, this work proposes the development of a procedure for the modeling of control systems considering beyond the functional specifications in normal situation, the occurrence of faults. Based on the existing theoretical base and available tools the proposal adopts the concept of discrete event system, holon and Petri net technique with its extensions to describe the structure and the operation of these control systems. An application example is here presented to illustrate the principal characteristics of this proceeding.

Cette thèse fournit de nouvelles stratégies de contrôle pouvant s'attaquer aux phénomènes hétérogènes et non-linéaires qui décrivent la régulation de la température dans les bâtiments afin d'obtenir un compromis entre le confort et l'efficacité énergétique. Nous nous intéressons donc au contrôle robuste de systèmes coopératifs avec perturbations bornées. Nous résolvons d'abord ce problème grâce à la notion d'intervalle invariant contrôlé robuste, décrivant un ensemble dans lequel l'état peut être maintenu quelle que soit la valeur des perturbations. Une seconde approche décrit des méthodes symboliques pour la synthèse d'un contrôleur discret sur une abstraction finie du système, réalisant une spécification de sûreté associée à l'optimisation des performances. Nous présentons d'abord une méthode symbolique centralisée utilisant les dynamiques du système correspondant au modèle physique. Pour résoudre ses limitations en termes de passage à l'échelle, nous considérons une approche compositionnelle où les méthodes symboliques d'abstraction et de synthèse sont appliquées à des descriptions partielles du système, sous des obligations de type assume-guarantee supposant que la sûreté est satisfaite pour tous les états non-contrôlés. Dans la dernière partie, les contrôleurs présentés sont combinés et évalués dans le cadre d'une régulation de température pour un bâtiment expérimental équipé de la solution UnderFloor Air Distribution. / This thesis provides new control strategies that deal with the heterogeneous and nonlinear dynamics describing the temperature regulation in buildings to obtain a tradeoff between comfort and energy efficiency. We thus focus on the robust control of cooperative systems with bounded disturbances. We first solve this problem with the notion of robust controlled invariant interval, which describes a set where the state can be maintained for any value of the disturbances. A second approach provides dedicated symbolic methods to synthesize a discrete controller on a finite abstraction of the system, realizing safety specifications combined with a performance optimization. We first present a centralized symbolic method using the system dynamics provided by the physical model. To address its limitation in terms of scalability, a compositional approach is considered, where the symbolic abstraction and synthesis methods are applied to partial descriptions of the system under the assume-guarantee obligation that the safety specification is realized for all uncontrolled states. In the final part, the proposed controllers are combined and evaluated on the temperature regulation for an experimental building equipped with UnderFloor Air Distribution.

Sistemas de controle de edifícios inteligentes têm evoluído consideravelmente e a sua confiabilidade também tem melhorado. Mesmo assim, falhas são inevitáveis em sistemas concebidos, construídos e operados pelo homem e uma abordagem alternativa envolve a minimização das conseqüências das falhas. Isto é possível através da reconfiguração do sistema que se faz realocando funções de controle e escolhendo outras formas de interação entre os processos. Apesar disso, na literatura ainda não existe muito material que trate da modelagem de processos em que desde a sua concepção as falhas são consideradas. Assim, propõe-se neste trabalho o desenvolvimento de um procedimento para a modelagem de sistemas de controle considerando além das especificações funcionais, em situação normal, a ocorrência de falhas. Em função da base teórica existente e ferramentas disponíveis a abordagem proposta adota o conceito de sistemas a eventos discretos, holon e a técnica de rede de Petri e suas extensões para descrever a estrutura e o funcionamento deste sistema de controle. Um exemplo de aplicação é aqui apresentado para ilustrar as principais características deste procedimento. / Control systems of intelligent buildings have evolved and its reliability has evidently improved. However, faults are inevitable in systems conceived, constructed and operated by humans and an alternative approach is the minimization of the faults consequences. This is possible through the reconfiguration of the system, i.e., re-allocating control functions and choosing other forms of interaction between the processes. Despite this, there are few publications that deal with the modeling of processes where since its conception the faults are considered. Thus, this work proposes the development of a procedure for the modeling of control systems considering beyond the functional specifications in normal situation, the occurrence of faults. Based on the existing theoretical base and available tools the proposal adopts the concept of discrete event system, holon and Petri net technique with its extensions to describe the structure and the operation of these control systems. An application example is here presented to illustrate the principal characteristics of this proceeding.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T23:47:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Douglas Santos Salvador1.pdf: 2015923 bytes, checksum: c2cb4b876a75ff9b43ff92eed1fcad37 (MD5) Douglas Santos Salvador2.pdf: 1028690 bytes, checksum: 20ea2efee7f6a36cc488400b80662d41 (MD5) Douglas Santos Salvador3.pdf: 1135558 bytes, checksum: 45fa199adcd09d895cf3e86f27f46b94 (MD5) Douglas Santos Salvador4.pdf: 1586873 bytes, checksum: 8a24137999b7d5d7050e5aa3bef038d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-29 / This work has as objective to analyze the importance and relevance of the land systems in the conception architectural, being observed a projetual process where it occurs the land relation between project architectural and systems since the definition of the party architectural, determinative and the resultant ones of this process in the functional and morphologic relations of a building, and how this if reflects in its performance. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a importância e relevância dos sistemas prediais na concepção arquitetônica, observando um processo projetual em que ocorra a relação entre projeto arquitetônico e os sistemas prediais desde a definição do partido arquitetônico, os determinantes e resultantes deste processo nas relações funcionais e morfológicas de um edifício, e de que maneira isto se reflete no seu desempenho.

O sistema de proteção técnica contra incêndio (SPTCI) é um dos principais sistemas que compõem o edifício inteligente (EI), pois a eficiência do seu funcionamento afeta diretamente a segurança das pessoas e o patrimônio do prédio. O SPTCI é composto de diferentes dispositivos, estratégias de controle e atua segundo legislação específica. Devido à complexidade do SPTCI, torna-se fundamental uma modelagem adequada que permita verificar a dinâmica do sistema e sua relação com outros sistemas prediais. Neste contexto, este trabalho propõe um procedimento para a modelagem e análise de estratégias de controle para o SPTCI, integrado com outros sistemas prediais dentro do contexto de EI. A abordagem considerada para este propósito baseia-se na teoria dos sistemas a eventos discretos, na aplicação de técnicas derivadas da rede de Petri e em técnicas de análise através de simulação discreta. Com esta abordagem são desenvolvidos modelos do sistema de controle do SPTCI onde é considerada a sua relação com outros sistemas prediais. Particularmente, explora-se as extensões da rede de Petri como as técnicas Production Flow Schema e Mark Flow Graph. Um estudo de caso é apresentado para ilustrar as principais características deste procedimento. / From the point of view of property damage and personal security, the fire protection system (FPS) is one of the most important systems in an intelligent building (IB). The FPS is composed of several devices and control strategies. Furthermore, it must act in accordance with specific laws. As a consequence the design of FPSs is a complex task and it is very important to provide an adequate model that supports the verification of the FPS dynamics and its integration with others building systems, facilitating its test and validation. In this context, this work proposes a procedure to model in a systematic and rational way a FPS in the IB context. Considering the nature of the structure and processes of FPS the approach is based on the discrete event dynamic system theory and the application of the Petri net. Then, the models the FPS control system and the controlled plant must include its integration with other building systems. Particularly, it explores Petri net extensions such as Production Flow Schema and Mark Flow Graph techniques. Through an example it is illustrated the main aspects of the proposed procedure.

This thesis deals with the study of home automation systems. The main goal of this thesis is to prove their effectiveness. The sample project shows how to calculate the efficiency and profitability of investment in the home automation systems. The result of this work is a methodology for determining the efficiency of investment projects into automation systems. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part is to provide the reader with the basic understanding of automation systems. their functionality and their advantages and disadvantages. A technical model is provided describing an automation system iNELS. The practical part describes the procedures and the outcomes of the effectiveness of the system.

The thesis deals with the development of systems for intelligent building, focused on wiring system, division of them and comparison of their differences. The advantages of these systems like comfort, energy reduction, etc. are also mentioned. Nowadays several standards of systems for intelligent building exist as KNX/EIB or LON, therefore thesis concerns to trade-off these standards too. Main part of the thesis is focused on system Egon made by company ABB where the system concept as well as bus modules are described that allow different functions, mutual connection of modules and their programming. Tutorial panel with ABB Ego-n wiring system, which will be used for study purpose, is designed in the practical part of the work. It includes scheme of the panel, electric linkage of components and photographs of constructed panel as documentation. In the final part of the work two examples of laboratory exercise for installation and setting are listed, including programming description.

The thesis provides a basic concept of intelligent building and related fields where this technology is appropriate. The next section describes the systems used in this field, especially the so-called communication buses and protocols. For an overview of developments in this area there is also a list of major companies involved in this technology. As a practical example is then described by air temperature and air control facilities in the building A2 or A5 in a building located within the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology. For both cases are also proposed possible treatment.

The semester thesis outlines the idea of the concept of intelligent building and related technologies. The first section describes the devices used in the field of intelligent installations in particular selected communication protocols and bus. In the next section there are some examples of systems from different manufacturer and the most detailed herein descripted system is Honeywell’s system built on NiagaraAX Framework because the practical part of the work is implemented using this system. The last part describes creation process of data visualization and storage obtained from intelligent building of Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication.

Do residents find value in smart home functions? How should these functions be designed to offer user benefit? These were the governing questions of this study that involved nearly 200 families in three different housing projects during five years of occupancy. The housing units were equipped with advanced smart homes solutions, electronic and digital devices to control them, and a set of functions to increase comfort, safety and security in the homes. The evaluations of the residents' use and benefits were accomplished in two different phases, i) evaluation of the user expectations' before and direct after occupancy and ii) long-term experiences after 3-5 years. A third phase of the study represents a radical shift in view. Issues related to innovation and organisation of service delivery were brought into the fore. The research is founded on the multiple case-based methodology. Literature studies were effected. Data acquisition was based on interviews and questionnaires. Theoretical models from different research areas were used in order to analyse observations and to arrive to grounded conclusions. Important conclusions include the fact that smart home functionalities must be developed as close as possible out of the users' genuine needs as experienced in their daily lives. Failure to attain accessibility to a certain function will cause disappointment and will be forsaken. To gain and over time preserve the user's trust in smart home functions or in a system as a whole is conclusive for the their use. Another conclusion is that a viable business model for smart homes must include the occupancy phase. Surveillance and maintenance of smart home systems must be secured over time. It is argued that the failure of establishing a viable long-term service to homes to the benefit to the user depends highly on the market’s ability to supply the homes with appropriate services over time. Possible ways to mediate revealed shortcomings are outlined and what role and responsibility the housing construction industry has to consider with the further development of smart homes. / QC 20100809