Frente ao custo social dos quadros de abuso e dependência de substâncias psicoativas, diversos modelos explicativos têm sido propostos, sejam eles baseados em preceitos morais, religiosos, experiências de grupos de autoajuda ou na pesquisa científica. As Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs) são uma modalidade de atendimento a usuários abusivos e dependentes de substâncias psicoativas que se baseiam em vários desses modelos, que se mostram bastante diversas em sua organização e nos serviços oferecidos, mas relativamente coesas em termos dos seus princípios. Diversos estudos têm tentado explicar os aspectos relacionados a esse modelo de tratamento, sugerindo sua eficácia. Apesar disso, existem poucas pesquisas compreensivas acerca das mudanças psicológicas que ocorrem nas pessoas que passam por esse tipo de instituição. No Brasil, a escassez de trabalhos acadêmicos sobre as CTs aponta para a necessidade de estudos sobre seus componentes terapêuticos, a fim de conhecer melhor os alcances e limites desse tipo de tratamento. A presente investigação visou estudar as mudanças psicológicas de pessoas que passaram por tratamento numa CT da região de Ribeirão Preto (SP), por meio de entrevistas de avaliação no início e no final de sua internação. Os participantes do estudo foram sete homens entre 21 e 35 anos de idade, nível socioeconômico médio baixo e dependentes de crack (predominantemente), cocaína e álcool. Para a realização das avaliações, foram utilizados um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, o Inventário Multifásico Minnesota de Personalidade, Improved Readability Form (MMPI-IRF) e cartões selecionados do Teste de Apercepção Temática (TAT). Os dados obtidos foram categorizados e analisados a partir de dimensões e domínios do processo de mudança na CT, conforme embasamento teórico de autores da área. O conjunto de dados foi interpretado a partir de teorias psicodinâmicas de personalidade. Os resultados mostram que o tratamento promoveu melhoras no funcionamento psicológico em graus diferentes para dois subgrupos de participantes, em todas as dimensões do processo de mudança. Os resultados são discutidos em termos das diferenças entre os subgrupos em aspectos como a estrutura e o nível de funcionamento da personalidade e qualidade da introjeção das experiências durante o tratamento. Ainda, são feitas considerações acerca do método de pesquisa adotado e dos alcances e limites do tratamento em CTs e sugestões para estudos futuros no Brasil. / Considering the high social cost of substance abuse and dependence, several models have been proposed, based on moral and/or religious principles, self-help groups experiences or scientific research. The Therapeutic Community (TC) is a treatment modality for substance abusers based in many of the models above, which shows a variety in terms of its organization and services offered, as well as a relatively cohesion of principles along these institutions. Several studies have been trying to explain the aspects related to such treatment modality, suggesting its efficacy. In spite of this, there are few comprehensive studies regarding the psychological changes people treated in the CT go through. In Brazil, the lack of academic studies on the TC suggests the need of comprehending its therapeutic components, in order to point out both flaws and successful points of such treatment modality. The present study aimed to study the psychological changes of people treated in a TC in the region of Ribeirão Preto (State of São Paulo Brazil), who were interviewed both in the beginning and the end of their stay in the institution. The participants were seven men, aged between 21 and 36 years old, average-low socioeconomic level who were predominantly crack abusers, with cocaine and alcohol dependents also included. In order to perform the assessment, the instruments used were a semi-structured interview guide, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Improved Readability Form (MMPI-IRF) and selected cards of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). All data was categorized and analyses using the dimensions and domains of the change process in the TC, according to the theoretical frame of authors in this field. Still, the data set was analyzed from a psychodynamic theoretical frame. The results show that the treatment promoted improvements in psychological functioning in different degrees for two subgroups of participants, along all dimensions of the change process. These results are discussed in terms of the differences observed in terms of level of psychological functioning and structure of the personality, as well as the introjection quality of treatment-related experiences. Still, considerations are made regarding the research method adopted and both high points and flaws of the treatment on the TC and the status of directions for future research in Brazil.

Submitted by NATHÁLIA DA SILVA CARRIEL null (nathaliacarriel@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-16T00:45:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARRIEL, N.S. et al. Análise do perfil do tutor quanto aos desfechos dos alunos no curso CAPACITACT.2017.pdf: 2623649 bytes, checksum: 61bace3708946ec746f0b35560261487 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-18T17:30:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carriel_ns_me_bot.pdf: 2623649 bytes, checksum: 61bace3708946ec746f0b35560261487 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-18T17:30:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carriel_ns_me_bot.pdf: 2623649 bytes, checksum: 61bace3708946ec746f0b35560261487 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Introdução: Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs) são instituições que prestam serviços de atenção a pessoas com transtornos decorrentes do uso nocivo ou dependência de Substâncias Psicoativas (SPA) e representam uma alternativa assistencial com potencial impacto no cuidado à saúde desta população. No sentido de instrumentalizar os profissionais que atuam nestas unidades, foi ofertado o Curso de Capacitação para Líderes, Voluntários, Profissionais e Gestores de Comunidades Terapêuticas (CapacitaCT), em regime de educação a distância, o qual contou com um organizado sistema de tutoria on-line. Objetivo: Analisar a influência do perfil e ações do tutor para aprovação ou abandono dos alunos do Curso CapacitaCT. Método: Estudo observacional, transversal, com descrição do processo de seleção, capacitação e suporte à equipe de tutores (n=146), cálculo das frequências sociodemográficas e profissionais destes sujeitos, com análise da variância e teste de comparação múltipla de Tukey para os desfechos aprovação e abandono entre os alunos do curso. Resultados: Houve predominância de tutores do sexo feminino (86,30%), com idade igual ou inferior a 32 anos (60,00%), solteiros (55,48%), residentes em Botucatu (80,14%), graduados há mais de seis anos (40,41%), com títulos de pós–graduação Lato Sensu (60,28%) e na área da saúde (69,86%). A maior parte dos tutores exercia outro trabalho remunerado concomitante à função de tutor (85,62%), em funções de ordem assistencial (71,23%) e apresentavam experiência profissional na área da saúde (83,56%). Cerca de metade dos tutores acompanharam uma turma de 50 alunos (52,74%) e os demais tutoraram duas turmas. Houve maior percentual médio com significância estatística no desfecho aprovação dos alunos (p≤0,05) nas seguintes variáveis dos tutores: ter formação acadêmica básica na área das Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, graduação há três anos ou menos, titulação máxima na área de saúde mental e não possuir pós-graduação na área de docência. Com relação às ações no ambiente de aprendizagem, verificou-se que quanto maior o número de acessos do tutor, maior a estimativa no percentual de aprovação e menor a estimativa no percentual de abandono. No entanto, quanto maior o número de postagens no fórum, menor a estimativa no percentual de aprovação. Conclusão: Este estudo apresentou a experiência de tutoria em um curso de educação à distância voltado aos profissionais que atuam em CTs. Algumas variáveis dos tutores mostraram significância no desfecho dos alunos, como ser recém-formado e ser ativo no acesso ao ambiente on-line. Adicionalmente, este estudo descreve uma proposta de metodologia de capacitação e suporte sistematizado a tutores que pode servir de modelo ao gerenciamento e educação continuada destes importantes atores no contexto da educação a distância. / Introduction: Therapeutic Communities (CTs) are institutions that provide support to people with disorders due to harmful use or dependence on Psychoactive Substances (SPA) and represent an alternative with potential impact on the health care of this population. In order to instruct the professionals who work in these units, it was offered the Training Course for Leaders, Volunteers, Professionals and Managers of Therapeutic Communities (CapacitaCT) in a distance education system, which had a systematic method of on-line tutoring. Objective: To analyze the influence of tutor profile and actions for approval or abandonment of CapacitaCT Course students. Method: Observational, cross-sectional study with description of the selection process, training and support to the tutors team (n= 146). Additionally was realized the calculation of socio-demographic and professional frequencies of these subjects, with analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test for students approval and dropout outcomes. Results: There was a predominance of female tutors (86.30%), aged below 32 years (60.00%), single (55.48%), Botucatu residents (80.14%), college graduated (40.41%), with Lato Sensu specialization (60.28%) and belonging to health area (69.86%). Most tutors had other paid work concomitant with the tutoring role (85.62%), in care functions (71.23%) and had professional experience in the health area (83.56%). About half of subjects were responsible for a class of 50 students (52.74%) and the others tutored two classes. There was a higher average percentage, with statistical significance (p≤0.05), in students approval in the following tutors variables: to have academic formation in Applied Social Sciences, graduation at three years or less, maximum degree in the area of mental health, and do not have a postgraduate degree in teaching. With regard to tutor actions in the learning environment, it was verified that the greater the number of tutor accesses, the greater the estimate in the percentage of students approval and the lower the estimate in the percentage of abandonment. Conversely, the higher the number of tutor posts in the forum, the lower the estimate in the percentage of students approval. Conclusion: This study presented the experience of mentoring in a distance education course aimed at professionals working in CTs. Some variables of tutors showed significant significance in students' outcomes, such as being newly formed and active in accessing the online environment. In addition, this study describes a proposal for a training methodology and systematized support for tutoring that could be suggested as a model for the management and continuing education of these important actors in the context of distance education.

TITLE: Educational-therapeutic Approaches to Addiction at the therapeutic community "Magdaléna" AUTHOR: Bc. Zuzana Matějů DEPARTMENT: Department of Special Education SUPERVISOR: Doc. PaedDr. Šotolová Eva, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to analyse the educational therapeutic approach in the therapeutic communities, especially those which are provided in Magdalena's community. The thesis consists of two parts- the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part is focused on the therapeutic community connected with drugs Abuse and Addiction. The thesis briefly describes the history of the therapeutic communities all over the world and also the situation in the Czech Republic and the last part consists of the various targets and means of particular therapies. In terms of the practical part is to map the way of living of the TK Magdalena's clients - the way of life before joining Magdalena's community, reasons for their motivation for treatment and expectations of clients from the treatment process, through their own perceptions. A qualitative research shows something what connects all Magdalena's clients: it is mainly the way of percerving themselves and their own lives in various views. Key words: therapeutic community, history of therapeutic communities, aims and mens of treatment in...

Syftet med denna utredning var att undersöka hur unga klienter skapar och utvecklar sin identitet som intagna på SiS särskilda ungdomshem. Ingen datainsamling har skett i samband med utredningen. Istället har utredningen utgått från ett publicerat material; tre upplagor av bokserien SiS unga berättar. Utredningen har genomförts med utgångspunkt i en kvalitativ ansats med fokus på beskrivning, tolkning och förståelse. Materialet analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ textanalys som bestod av två steg: kodning och tolkning. Olika mönster, teman och nyckelbegrepp identifierades vid kodningen. Vid tolkningen relaterades de olika delarna i kodningen till varandra och kopplades till teoretiska begrepp samt jämfördes med tidigare forskning. Goffmans (2014) teori om totala institutioner och Giddens (1999) teori om identitet användes som teoretiska utgångspunkter i den här utredningen. Resultatet av utredningen visade att tillvaron på de särskilda ungdomshemmen kan ha betydelse för unga klienters identitetsskapande då klienterna lever i en mycket speciell kontext utan handlingsfrihet och med mycket begränsade kommunikationsmöjligheter. Även sociala relationer kan bidra till unga klienters identitetsskapande. För unga klienter är ofta relationen med familj och vänner mycket värdefull och trygghetsskapande. Samtidigt tyder utredningens resultat på att komplicerade relationer med representanter från socialtjänsten är vanligt bland unga klienter. Framtiden är viktig men oviss för många unga klienter. Både handlingar i klientens förflutna och framtida möjligheter kan vara betydelsefulla för de unga klienternas identitetsskapande. / The purpose of this investigation was to explore how young clients create and develop their identity as inmates at SiS special residential homes. No data collection has been made duringthe investigation. Instead, the investigation has been based on a published material; three editions of the Swedish book series SiS Unga berättar. The investigation has been carried out on the basis of a qualitative approach with a focus on description, interpretation and understanding. The material was analyzed using a qualitative text analysis that consisted of two steps: coding and interpretation. Different patterns, themes and key concepts were identified during the coding. In the interpretation, the different parts of the coding related to each other were linked to theoretical concepts as well as previous research. Goffman's theory of total institutions and Gidden’s theory of identity were used as a theoretical perspective in this investigation. The results of the investigation showed that the environment in the special residential homes can be important for young clients' identity creation as the clients live in a very special context without freedom of action and with very limited communication opportunities. Social relationships can also contribute to young clients' identity construction. For young clients, the relationship with family and friends is often very important and contributes to the clients feeling of safety. At the same time, the results of the investigation indicate that complicated relationships with representatives from the social services are common among young clients. The future is important but uncertain for many young clients. Both actions in the client's past and future opportunities can be important for the young clients' identity construction.

The design of a drug rehabilitation center for women with children incorporated the treatment theories of therapeutic communities. At the time this center was designed, only two facilities of this type were in use specifically for women. The Washington metropolitan area was in need of such a treatment program for women. Three architectural concepts were studied which were appropriate for this type of facility: threshold, community and natural light. Threshold became a symbol for change. The development of a small community within was the unifying concept for this project. Natural light was developed as an important element which is a healing medicine for the psychological and mental health of a person. Society needs to deal with the problem of drugs and the hold they take on people. It is no longer responsible for us to turn our heads from this affliction. Facilities such as the one developed in this thesis will help mothers overcome their addictions, while obtaining some family cohesion. The children that are able to participate with their mothers will hopefully avoid the same mistakes their own mothers made. One day they may grow up to become responsible, contributing parents and citizens. / Master of Architecture