Abstract not available.

Geopolymers are a relatively new class of material that has many broad applications, including use as a substitute for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), use in soil stabilisation, fire resistant panels, refractory cements, and inorganic adhesives. The synthetic alkali aluminosilicate structure of geopolymer results in a highly versatile material that can be synthesised en masse, cost competitively and from a wide varietyof aluminosilicate bearing raw materials. / Despite the commercial promise and technical viability of the technology, the fundamental understanding of the chemical structure and characteristics of geopolymeric materials, and to some degree the academic rigor of some aspects of the science related to geopolymers, leave a lot to be desired. In particular, the understanding of the effects of Si/Al ratio and alkali cation type on the molecular structure of the binder, and how these relate to the microstructure and mechanical and thermal properties are poorly understood. / The thesis explores the structure and characteristics of a systematic multi-dimensional matrix of geopolymers derived from metakaolin, a relatively pure aluminosilicate source. The thesis addresses the determination of the core molecular structure of geopolymers by solid-state NMR spectroscopy, and how this is altered by the nominal Si/Al ratio and alkali cation type. The chemical ordering is observed to reduce with Si/Al ratio and with inclusion of potassium over sodium. Most significantly, the presence of Al-O-Al linkages is identified for the first time in specimens with Si/Al ratios close to unity, by the application of 17O NMR techniques on geopolymers. The role of molecular structure and gel chemistry of geopolymers is elucidated, and links are drawn to understand the development of the microstructure and physical properties of the material. The thermal evolution of geopolymeric gels derived from metakaolin is investigated in terms of physical and structural development when exposed to temperatures up to 1000°C. The response of geopolymers to heating is characterised into four regions regardless of the extent of shrinkage or crystallisation. Several critical material performance relationships exist that are related to both the microstructure and chemical composition. / The thesis presents an updated structural model of geopolymers to include new insights obtained from application of solid-state NMR techniques and thermal analysis. The improvements in structural understanding described in the thesis have the potential to affect all aspects of geopolymer science.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-134). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M. App. Sc.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-105). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M. App. Sc.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-155). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.App.Sc.) - Carleton University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [217]-221). Also available on the Internet.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αποτελείται από δυο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος πραγματοποιήθηκε μεταβατική θερμική ανάλυση σε μια υγιή μηχανή και σε μια μηχανή με σπασμένη μπάρα και ακολούθησε σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων των δυο αναλύσεων. Στο δεύτερο μέρος έγινε σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων μιας μεταβατικής θερμικής ανάλυσης υγιούς μηχανής με αντίστοιχα πειραματικά δεδομένα. / Transient thermal analysis for healthy asychronous motor and for motor with broken bar to the motor.

Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έγινε μια αναλυτική αναφορά στα διάφορα θερμικά φαινόμενα που λαμβάνουν χώρα μέσα στον κινητήρα κατά τη διάρκεια της λειτουργίας του. Προσομοιώθηκε ένας ασύγχρονος κινητήρας βραχυκυκλωμένου δρομέα σε περίπτωση υγιούς κατάστασης λειτουργίας και σε περίπτωση σφάλματος μιας σπασμένης μπάρας του δρομέα. Επίσης πάρθηκαν μετρήσεις από αισθητήρες θερμοκρασίας που τοποθετήθηκαν στο στάτη της ασύγχρονης μηχανής. Η ασύγχρονη μηχανή αποσυναρμολογήθηκε και τοποθετήθηκε νέο τύλιγμα στο στάτη αφού αφαιρέθηκε το αρχικό εργοστασιακό. Αυτό έγινε για μπορέσουμε να τοποθετήσουμε αισθητήρες (θερμοστοιχεία) στο νέο τύλιγμα για να διαπιστώσουμε με πειραματικό τρόπο την θερμοκρασιακή κατανομή του στάτη της ασύγχρονης μηχανής. Στη συνέχεια επιχειρήθηκε η θερμική ανάλυση στη μόνιμη κατάσταση λειτουργίας του ασύγχρονου κινητήρα σε περίπτωση υγιούς κατάστασης και σε περίπτωση μιας σπασμένης μπάρας του δρομέα. Η θερμική ανάλυση έγινε μέσω της μεθόδου πεπερασμένων στοιχείων, σε δισδιάστατη γεωμετρία, μέθοδος η οποία είναι πολύ ακριβής με λεπτομερειακά αποτελέσματα. Με τη μέθοδο αυτή αναλύονται με μαθηματικές εξισώσεις το φαινόμενο της μετάδοσης θερμότητας χρησιμοποιώντας κατάλληλες οριακές συνθήκες, η γεωμετρία και τα θερμικά χαρακτηριστικά των υλικών, οι πηγές θερμότητας και, αφού το πρόγραμμα επεξεργάζεται τα δεδομένα, καταλήγει στην κατανομή της θερμοκρασίας με μεγάλη ακρίβεια. Για να γίνει η ανάλυση με πεπερασμένα στοιχεία χρειάστηκε να επιλυθούν διαφορικές εξισώσεις με μερικές παραγώγους προκειμένου να καταλήξουμε στο αποτέλεσμα. Τέλος τα αποτέλεσμα της θερμικής ανάλυσης μέσω της εξομοίωσης συγκρίνονται με αυτά της πειραματικής και διαπιστώνεται η συμφωνία της πειραματικής και της θεωρητικής προσέγγισης του θερμικού προβλήματος της μηχανής. / Thermal analysis of elecrical rotors.

Resumo: Neste trabalho foi analisado o efeito de adições de 4, 6, 8 e 10% de Ag (m/m) na cinética não-isotérmica da reação eutetóide em ligas de Cu-Al contendo 9, 10 e 11%Al (m/m), utilizando-se calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC), microscopia óptica (MO), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e difração de raios X (DRX). Foram considerados dois caminhos reacionais distintos, um partindo das ligas inicialmente submetidas a recozimento e outro das ligas inicialmente submetidas a têmpera. Os resultados indicaram que os valores da energia de ativação (Ea) obtidos para a reação eutetóide reversa pelos métodos de Kissinger e de Ozawa foram bastante semelhantes. Para as ligas submetidas a têmpera, os valores de Ea obtidos foram maiores do que para as ligas inicialmente recozidas. Esse aumento no valor da energia de ativação deve estar relacionado com o caminho de reação de formação da fase β a partir da fase complexa (α+g1). Para as amostras submetidas a recozimento prolongado o caminho reacional segue uma seqüência de transformações mais simples (a+a2) ® (a+g1) ® b e para as amostras submetidas a têmpera o caminho reacional é mais complexo, b' (ou b'1) ® b1 ® (a+g1) ® b. As adições de Ag, em ligas do sistema Cu-Al, interferem nos valores da energia de ativação da reação eutetóide reversa. As alterações dos valores de energia de ativação podem também ser atribuídas às mudanças do comportamento do soluto da reação e da solubilidade da prata devido ao aumento do teor de alumínio na composição das ligas. A análise da variação da energia de ativação Ey com a fração transformada (y) na reação (a+g1) ® b, foi feita aplicando-se o método isoconversional ("model-free"). Os resultados mostraram que os valores... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In this work, the effect of additions of 4, 6, 8 and 10wt.% Ag on the nonisothermal kinetics of the eutectoid reaction in alloys of the Cu-Al system containing 9, 10 and 11wt.%Al, was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and considering two different reaction paths, one starting from annealed and other from quenched alloys. The results indicated that the activation energy values obtained for the reverse eutectoid reaction using the Kissinger and Ozawa methods were very similar. The values obtained for the quenched alloys were higher than those obtained for the annealed alloys. This increase in the activation energy values must be related to the reaction path for the β phase formation from the (a+g1) complex phase. The reaction paths for the β phase formation could be as follows: (a+a2)®(a+g1)®b for annealed alloys and b'(or b'1)®b1®(a+g1)®b for quenched alloys. The results indicated that Ag additions to Cu-Al alloys interfere on the reverse eutectoid reaction. The changes in the activation energy were attributed to changes in the reaction solute and in Ag solubility due to the increase in Al concentration. The isoconversional method was used to obtain a variation of the activation energy Ey with y, the conversion factor, for the (a+g1)®b reverse eutectoid reaction. The results showed that the activation energy for the reaction changes with Al concentration and strongly depends on the reaction path. The conversion dependence of the activation energy indicates a complex process comprising consecutive... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Antonio Tallarico Vicente Adorno / Banca: Dimas Roberto Vollet / Banca: Tomaz Toshimi Ishikawa / Banca: Salvador Claro Neto / Banca: Dilermando Nagle Travessa / Doutor