No description available.

Ce travail explore les modalités de l’intégration de motifs mythologiques antiques et bibliques dans la poésie de RDA. Dans un premier temps sont explicitées les notions de mythe, de mythème et d’« héritage culturel » socialiste. Ensuite sont étudiées les théories de Marx sur le rapport à la culture des siècles passés, qui mettent en valeur une pensée dialectique d’intégration puis de dépassement de l’héritage culturel, sans en rechercher la pure abolition. En témoignant un mépris certain envers les mythes, les autorités culturelles est-allemandes procèdent donc à une surinterprétation des positions de Marx. Si la politique culturelle fait montre d’une attitude schizophrène en instrumentalisant les mythes pour consolider le pouvoir, tout en les dépréciant du fait de leur caractère non rationnel, dans les faits on observe un succès considérable de la matière mythologique dans la littérature de RDA, et en premier lieu dans la poésie. L’étude des motifs mythologiques dans les œuvres de Günter Kunert, Sarah Kirsch et Uwe Kolbe permet de souligner que le recours à cette tradition ouvre la voie, en poésie, à la modernité, puis à la postmodernité. L’emploi des mythes s’articule autour des notions de liberté et de contrainte, que nous mettons en relation avec les concepts du sémiotique et du thétique de Julia Kristeva, afin de montrer que, lorsqu’elle utilise les mythes, la poésie est-allemande développe une esthétique de résistance à la doxa sous toutes ses formes. La reprise de mythes dans la poésie de RDA situe souvent cette dernière dans l’esthétique postmoderne, mais il s’agit d’une postmodernité contrainte, négative, car elle atteste à la fois la difficulté de comprendre le monde contemporain, soumis à l’éclatement du sens, et l’absurdité autodestructrice du régime est-allemand. Finalement, la quasi-disparition des mythes dans la poésie des années quatre-vingt peut se lire comme l’échec de l’idée utopique d’un monde amendable. / This work explores how antique and biblical mythological motives are integrated into GDR poetry. First, the notions of myth, mytheme and socialist “cultural heritage” are clarified. After that are studied Marx’s theories on how we relate to the culture of the past centuries. The latter focuses on how to integrate dialectically and then surpass the cultural heritage, but with no intention to abolish it. By showing outward contempt for the myths, the East German cultural authorities overinterpret Marx’s positions. If the cultural policy shows a schizophrenic attitude by manipulating the myths to consolidate the power, while depreciating them because of their non rational nature, in fact one can observe the great success of the mythological material in GDR literature, especially in poetry. The study of the mythological motives in the work of Günter Kunert, Sarah Kirsch and Uwe Kolbe highlights the fact that resorting to this tradition in poetry has paved the way for modernity, then for postmodernism. The reference to myths implies the notions of liberty and restraint, that we relate to Julia Kristeva’s concepts of semiotic and thetic. Indeed, the aim is to show that, when referring to the myths, GDR poetry develops an aesthetics of resistance to doxa in every way. The recourse to myths in GDR poetry places it in a postmodern aesthetics, but a constrained, negative one, for it attests both the difficulty to understand the contemporary world, exposed to the splitting of sense, and the self-destroying absurdity of the East German regime. Finally, the fact that myths in GDR poetry from the eighties have almost disappeared can be read as the failure of the utopian idea of an improvable world.

No description available.

This dissertation investigates the correlation between semiotic theory and the way that gendered subjectivity is represented in contemporary South African art. The phenomenon of signification is central to the semiotic theories of the Bulgarian semiotician and psychoanalyst Julia Kristeva. Semiotics can be described as the science of the sign that considers the way in which artists express their personal experience in art making. In this investigation I refer mainly to women's artworks, although the concept of gendered subjectivity in the work of male artists is also discussed. This particular research investigates the symbolic relations of culture in gender terms, that explores the apparent contradictions of subjectivity inherent in capitalist patriarchal society. / Art History, Visual Arts & Music / M.A. (Visual Arts)

This dissertation investigates the correlation between semiotic theory and the way that gendered subjectivity is represented in contemporary South African art. The phenomenon of signification is central to the semiotic theories of the Bulgarian semiotician and psychoanalyst Julia Kristeva. Semiotics can be described as the science of the sign that considers the way in which artists express their personal experience in art making. In this investigation I refer mainly to women's artworks, although the concept of gendered subjectivity in the work of male artists is also discussed. This particular research investigates the symbolic relations of culture in gender terms, that explores the apparent contradictions of subjectivity inherent in capitalist patriarchal society. / Art History, Visual Arts and Music / M.A. (Visual Arts)