The Development of Tibetan Cultural and Religious Identity among Tibetans Living outside of Historical Tibet The topic of my thesis was to find out changes in Tibetan society inside Tibet and in Tibetan exile in last 50. years and how do changes help to progress social capital. Inside Tibet is problem with high percent of nonliterary and high percent of incoming Han people, which cause that Tibetan people are getting on the edge of society, because they didn't have developed their human potential. The main problem is that Tibetan people don't know Chinese language well and this language is becoming more useful for daily life in Tibetan autonomous region. Tibetans, who are very religious, don't have opportunity to practice Tibetan Buddhism under communistic rule of Chine. Tibetans have to renounce His Holiness dalajlama and deny part of their Tibetan identity. Those reasons influence them to escape into exile. The second part of my thesis is concerned to describe push and pull factors of migration. As I found in materials, the main reasons to escape into exile were political, religion, education, economical problems and renounce dalajlama. In my research, Tibetan didn't divide those reasons to those categories, because they think of those problems in holistic way. The last part of thesis in...

This thesis is a study of Tibetan Buddhism as practiced by adult converts in Utah. Semiotic ideology is a thread throughout the paper that functions as an explanatory mechanism for describing the ontological variations between beginning and seasoned practitioners. I show examples of clashing semiotic ideologies that demonstrate differing assumptions in understanding of how the world operates. In Chapter 2, I explore the concept of interiority and the taken for granted assumptions of religiosity in the West. The tensions introduced in Chapter 2 are addressed in Chapter 3, which explores how practitioners resolve concerns about authenticity through reliance on their religious lineage. While most practitioners openly recognize that there is a lack of sameness between practicing Tibetan Buddhism in the US and Tibet, seasoned practitioners are more able to recognize how deeply rooted differences, which I have identified as semiotic ideologies of the West and Christianity, specifically those concerning the self and personhood, are perseverant even after conversion.

This case study describes services for students with disabilities at Karuna Home in Bylakuppe, Karnataka, India. Karuna Home is a residential rehabilitation center for students with cognitive or physical disabilities whose parents are Tibetan refugees. The study triangulated data from interviews, observations, and school documents to describe educational policies and procedures, and cultural attitudes toward disability. Results show that the Karuna Home program is undergirded by Buddhist thought and theology regarding care and concern for those in difficult circumstances. The school serves students with a range of mild to severe disabilities and is fully staffed, but teachers and other service providers generally lack training in assessment, curriculum, and instruction for students with disabilities. The most pressing needs were administrators' and teachers' lack of understanding about how to create data-based learning and behavioral objectives to meet students' individual needs, and how to monitor student progress.

Genius loci has been described as "the spirit of place". The main interest in considering an urban monastery program is to create a place that embodies the spirit and culture of Tibetan Buddhism in the context of urban Washington, D.C. Given Tibet's unique culture that has developed over centuries without much Western influence, and it recent history of Chinese rule, religious persecution and infiltration of its language, culture and environment, the challenge of this program is to represent the traditions of Tibetan Buddhism in a modern language of architecture. / Master of Architecture

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danielle Mozena Ramos.pdf: 962115 bytes, checksum: e5b3322fbbcb74a5d8c813f48706e738 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research's objective is to study how Brazilians from the Tibetan Buddhist Tradition (from the Odsal Ling Temple, Nyingma School) conceive the idea of the Absolut, in other words, understood as the "divine" at the Buddhist universe (which is non-teist) − concentrating mainly in philosophical definitions from the Tibetan Buddhism. To do that, it will be presented some conceipts, which are: compassion, bodhichitta and emptiness. These three elements are didatic steps that Tibetan Buddhism uses to work and wake Buddha's Nature, recognizing the same perfect nature in all beings and all things. After this first part, the research will focus in the analysis of how this non-teistic point of view is conceived and seen by the Brazilians from the Tibetan Buddhism (concerning Odsal Ling Temple), identifying languages and sincretisms with Brazilian religiosity and questioning the difficulty of the Brazilian adept in adopting this religious way / O objetivo da pesquisa é estudar como os budistas brasileiros de tradição tibetana concebem o Absoluto, ou em outras palavras, compreendido como o divino , do universo budista (nãoteísta) se concentrando principalmente em definições filosóficas do Budismo Tibetano. Para isso, serão trabalhados três conceitos-chave, que são: a compaixão, a bodhichitta e a vacuidade. Esses três elementos são os passos didáticos que o Budismo Tibetano utiliza para trabalhar e despertar a natureza de buda, reconhecendo a mesma natureza perfeita em tudo e em todos. Depois desta primeira parte, a pesquisa se concentra em analisar como esta visão não-teísta é concebida e reconfigurada em tradições budistas tibetanas brasileiras, identificando suas linguagens e sincretismos com a própria religiosidade brasileira e questionando a dificuldade do brasileiro em adotar tal mentalidade

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:02:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1806734 bytes, checksum: 17c3c8e044983a785b9f0cd910ae4fc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Religion as an object of study is constituted by providing an endless universe of knowledge, in which the religious phenomenon becomes open to a scientific look. Within this scenario we place the death that comes in its universal aspect. This way, our research is based on a comparative study in which we intend to analyze the structures that comprise the phenomenon of death in two traditions, the Roman Catholicism and the Tibetan Buddhism, both inserted in Christianity and Buddhism, two of the five major religions of the world. We will hold on to expose conceptions and visions of death in the historical development, the ritualization of death and its transformation, the funerary practices that give meaning to death and beliefs in the afterlife in both doctrines. In these two very broad and complex religious systems, we will deal specifically with the topic of death, aiming to analyze them in relation to their distinct and similar elements, from scientific and theological presuppositions, using religious and philosophical conceptions based on reliable sources of both traditions. Concerning to the Roman Catholicism, we will use the Catechism of the Catholic Church and the book of funerals, and referring to the Tibetan Buddhism, we will use as the main source, the Tibetan Book of the Dead. We will use as bibliographic source, the thinking of various scholars about the knowledge of death and its implications for society / A religião enquanto objeto de estudo se constitui por proporcionar um universo inesgotável de conhecimento, onde o fenômeno religioso torna-se passível ao olhar científico. Dentro deste cenário situamos a morte, que surge no seu aspecto universal. Nestes termos, nossa pesquisa se baseia em um estudo comparado, na qual pretendemos analisar as estruturas que comportam o fenômeno da morte em duas tradições, o Catolicismo Romano e o Budismo Tibetano, ambas inseridas no Cristianismo e no Budismo, duas das cinco maiores religiões do mundo. Deter-nos-emos em expor às concepções e visões de morte no devir histórico, a ritualização da morte e sua transformação, as práticas funerárias que conferem sentido à morte e as crenças no pós-morte em ambas as doutrinas. Nestes dois sistemas religiosos tão amplos e complexos, trataremos especificamente da temática da morte, visando analisá-las quanto aos elementos distintos e análogos, a partir de pressupostos científicos e teológicos, utilizando concepções religiosas e filosóficas embasadas em fontes fidedignas de ambas as tradições. Quanto ao Catolicismo Romano, faremos uso do Catecismo da Igreja Católica e do livro das exéquias, e no que se refere ao budismo tibetano, utilizaremos como fonte principal, o Livro Tibetano dos Mortos. Utilizaremos como suporte bibliográfico, o pensamento de vários estudiosos acerca do conhecimento da morte e suas implicações na sociedade

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-02-20T12:20:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2840810 bytes, checksum: e6466e083af7099d5f915d6aae95b390 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-20T12:20:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 2840810 bytes, checksum: e6466e083af7099d5f915d6aae95b390 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-20 / This study aims from a hermeneutic point of analysis, a comprehensive aproach about the development of the Bön religion, its interaction with Buddhism through Tibet, and from this meeting, its historical and philosophical developments, centered on the practice of Dzogchen as a possible bridge between Bön and the Nyingma tradition. A survey on the first studies focusing on the Bön religion in the Western academies shows a particular importance, in order to understand the nature of the first historical and philosophical conceptions regarding Bön. The classification of the historical development of Bön in three phases aims at a more pedagogical approach to the understanding of its history. A study of the first centuries from the spreading of Buddhism to Tibet, between VIII and XI centuries A.D., is thought to be particularly important for the understanding of the characteristics that Buddhism would acquire in Tibetan soil, due to the particular nature in which this process was taken. A synthesis of the teachings of the philosophical schools of Mahayana, together with a series of tantric practices, brought from India and Central Asia formed the basis of Tibetan Buddhism. During the first two centuries of the transmission of Buddhism in Tibet, two great masters had a decisive importance in this process, the monk Shantaraksita would be responsible for philosophical synthesis that would be adopted during this period as the basis for the monastic teachings and ordination of monks in Tibet. Next to this philosophical basis, tantric practices were brought, developed and disseminated by the master Padmasambhava, which formed the religious and philosophical basis of Tibetan Buddhism. During this process, the practice of Dzogchen appears as a bridge between the two traditions, Nyingma and Bön, and through a study of its central elements as the mind-base concepts, rigpa and nature-of-mind, we seek to understand the possible similarities and differences between the two traditions. / O presente estudo objetiva uma análise de natureza hermenêutica acerca do desenvolvimento da religião Bön, sua interação com o Budismo através do Tibete, e, a partir deste encontro, seus desdobramentos históricos e filosóficos, centrado na prática do Dzogchen como uma possível ponte entre o Bön e a escola Nyingma. Um levantamento acerca dos primeiros estudos tendo como foco as religiões Bön dentro das academias ocidentais se mostra importante, para podermos compreender a natureza das primeiras concepções históricas e filosóficas à respeito do Bön. A classificação do desenvolvimento histórico do Bön em três fases visa uma abordagem mais pedagógica para a compreensão do mesmo. Um estudo dos primeiros séculos da chegada do Budismo ao Tibete, entre os séculos VIII e XI d.C., se mostra particularmente importante para a compreensão das características próprias que o Budismo iria adquirir em solo tibetano, devido à particular natureza na qual se deu este processo. Uma síntese entre os ensinamentos das escolas filosóficas do Mahayana, aliada à uma série de práticas tântricas, trazidas da Índia e da Ásia Central formaram a base do Budismo tibetano. Durante os dois primeiros séculos da transmissão do Budismo no Tibete, dois grandes mestres tiveram importância decisiva no processo, o monge Shantaraksita seria o responsável pela síntese filosófica que seria adotada durante este período como a base para os ensinamentos monásticos e ordenação dos monges no Tibete. Junto à esta base filosófica, as práticas tântricas trazidas, desenvolvidas e difundidas pelo mestre Padmasambhava formam a base religiosa, e filosófica do Budismo no Tibete. Durante este processo, a prática do Dzogchen aparece como uma ponte entre as duas tradições, Nyingma e Bön, e através de um estudo de seus elementos centrais como os conceitos de mente-base, rigpa e natureza-da-mente, buscamos compreender as possíveis semelhanças e diferenças entre ambas as tradições.

This thesis investigates the nature of gender bias in Tibetan Buddhism and the specific role Western Tibetan Buddhist nuns have played in transforming such prejudice. The afore-mentioned gender bias pertains particularly to the unavailability of full ordination (bhikshuni ordination) for nuns in the Tibetan tradition. The research highlights the specific contribution made by Jetsunma Tenzin Palmo, a British woman and currently the most senior Tibetan Buddhist nun. Jetsunma Tenzin Palmo attained fame for spending twelve years meditating in a cave in the Himalayas, and for her statement that she intends to attain enlightenment in a female body. She is also the founder and abbess of a Tibetan Buddhist nunnery Dongyu Gatsal Ling in India. Tenzin Palmo is particularly outspoken in her efforts to transform gender bias within the ranks of Tibetan Buddhism, and serves as an inspiration to countless lay and monastic Buddhist women worldwide. The researcher postulates that gender equality has not yet been attained within Tibetan Buddhism. Androcentric record keeping, certain misogynistic meditation practices, and cumbersome decision making processes within the Tibetan ecclesiastic system have maintained gender bias within its institution, despite His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama’s efforts to assist in the transformation of monastic attitudes. The Dalai Lama, spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism and one of its most learned scholars, has made his position clear as far back as 2007 when he expressed his full support for the establishment of the Bhikshuni Sangha in the Tibetan tradition. Two years earlier, in 2005, he had already urged Western bhikshunis to become more involved in the issue of full ordination in Tibetan Buddhism. Western nuns in particular have therefore played a leading role in their attempts to transform gender bias in a true Buddhist spirit of patience and compassion. His Holiness the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa has been equally outspoken on the issue. In 2010 in Bodhgaya, India, he made a commitment in front of an international audience to ordaining women as bhikshunis, and stated unequivocally that he was prepared to ordain these women himself. However, he did caution against expecting quick results, asking the audience to have patience. In conclusion the thesis suggests that despite a favourable doctrinal attitude to women, ambiguity still characterises the Tibetan Buddhist approach towards females. There is tension between an underground tradition of highly accomplished female practitioners and the institutional preference for male practitioners. Institutionalised gender bias in Tibetan Buddhism therefore has no sound doctrinal basis in view of the fact that the Tibetan Buddhist pantheon is rife with female Buddhas, goddesses, dakinis, and other highly spiritual and enlightened women. Present times are characterised, especially in the West, by accomplished female academics and Tibetan Buddhist teachers, as well as prominent nuns. The yogini-tantras furthermore attest to the reverence and honour the male should afford to the female. Gender hierarchy and male dominance cause untold suffering and pain, especially devastating for female monastics, and is therefore both contradictory to Buddhist principles and to the norms of a progressive society. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Biblical and Religious Studies / unrestricted

This works seeks to examine a small selection of biographies of Padmasambhava, the figure who introduced and spread the Buddhist teachings in Tibet during the eighth century. These writings appear to have a function that goes beyond merely recounting the details of Padmasambhava’s life and works. Two of these functions – the transmission of various teachings and support for the Tibetan identity – have been the main focus for my investigation.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.